TONER

v.

COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE

Citator

Cited By (59 total)

• United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir. 1982)
  …d, 453 U.S. 912, 101 S.Ct. 3143, 69 L.Ed.2d 995 (1981); United States v. Aleman, 609 F. 2d 298 (7th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 946, 100 S.Ct. 1345, 63 L.Ed.2d 780 (1980); United States v. Zemeck, 634 F. 2d 1159 (9th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 916, 101 S.Ct. 1359, 67 L.Ed.2d 341 (1981); United States v. Swiderski, 593 F. 2d 1246 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 441 U.S. 933, 99 S.Ct. 2055, 60 L.Ed.2d 662 (1979) (dictum). [*988] Other courts have been confronted with the issue of whether the term…
• United States v. Bagnariol, 665 F.2d 877 (9th Cir. 1981)
  …m of the association of the appellants. The purpose of the association was to make legal in the state of Washington a form of gambling from which appellants could profit. In United States v. Zemek, 634 F. 2d 1159, 1167 (9th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 916, 101 S.Ct. 1359, 67 L.Ed.2d 341 (1981), we stressed the broad scope of the enterprise definition. See also United States v. Turkette, 101 S.Ct. at 2532; United States v. Elliott, 571 F. 2d 880, 897-900 (5th Cir.) (jury entitled to infer existence of…

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• United States v. Sutherland, 656 F.2d 1181 (5th Cir. 1981)
  …he members of the two separate conspiracies.7 Indeed, Elliott has been thus read by some courts and commentators (and, as so read, has been uniformly criticized). See United States v. Zemek, 634 F. 2d 1159, 1169 n.12 (9th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 916, 101 S.Ct. 1359, 67 L.Ed.2d 341 (1981); United States v. Boffa, 513 F.Supp. 444, 471-75 (D.Del.1980); United States v. Cryan, 490 F.Supp. 1234, 1239, 1242-44 (D.N.J.), affirmed without opinion, 636 F. 2d 1211 (3d Cir. 1980); C. Bradley, “Racketeers,…