YOUNG

v.

MARSHALL

Citator

Cited By

• McCABE v. Arvon J. Arave, 827 F.2d 634 (9th Cir. 1987)
  …efs of others. See, e.g., Thomas v. Review Board, 450 U.S. 707, 715, 101 S.Ct. 1425, 1430, 67 L.Ed.2d 624 (1981); Callahan v. Woods, 658 F. 2d 679, 685-86 (9th Cir.1981); Africa v. Pennsylvania, 662 F. 2d 1025, 1029 n. 5 (3d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 908, 102 S.Ct. 1756, 72 L.Ed.2d 165 (1982). The regulations re [*639] quire the plaintiffs to obtain a statement from a recognized spokesman or authority of the professed religion stating that the practice is “deeply rooted in the religious beliefs” of…
• United States v. Lemon, 723 F.2d 922 (D.C. Cir. 1983)
  …es, courts must perform the sometimes diffient task of determining whether a set of beliefs is religious in nature. See, e.g., Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. at 215, 92 S.Ct. at 1533; Africa v. Pennsylvania, 662 F. 2d 1025 (3d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 908, 102 S.Ct. 1756, 72 L.Ed.2d 165 (1982); International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. v. Barber, 650 F. 2d 430 (2d Cir.1981); Founding Church of Scientology v. United States, 409 F. 2d 1146 (D.C.Cir. 1969), cert. denied, 396 U.S. 963, 90 S.C…
• Sourbeer v. Robinson, 791 F.2d 1094 (3d Cir. 1986)
  …, the court found that the free exercise complaint was “not credible or sincere.” A sincere religious belief is a prerequisite to any free exercise claim. See Africa v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 662 F. 2d 1025, 1030 (3d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 908, 102 S.Ct. 1756, 72 L.Ed.2d 165 (1982). Unless the district court’s finding of insincerity is clearly erroneous, we need go no further. Sourbeer argues that the finding was based on an impermissible inference from the fact that during 1978, while in…