WIDNER

v.

OHIO

Citator

Cited By (44 total)

• United States v. Jefferson, 714 F.2d 689 (7th Cir. 1983)
  …that the declarant was a member of the conspiracy, (3) that the defendant was a member of the conspiracy, and (4) that the statement was made in furtherance of the conspiracy. United States v. Shelton, 669 F. 2d 446, 465 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 934, 102 S.Ct. 1989, 72 L.Ed.2d 454 (1982); United States v. Santiago, 582 F. 2d 1128, 1131 (7th Cir.1978). The evidence used by the government to establish the conspiracy must be nonhearsay and independent of the statements the government wishes to hav…
• United States v. Gironda, 758 F.2d 1201 (7th Cir. 1985)
  …States v. Read, 658 F. 2d 1225, 1230 (7th Cir.1981). See United States v. Covelli, 738 F. 2d 847, 858 (7th Cir.1984), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 211, 83 L.Ed.2d 141; United States v. Shelton, 669 F. 2d 446, 454 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 934, 102 S.Ct. 1989, 72 L.Ed.2d 454; United States v. GarzaHernandez, 623 F. 2d 496 (7th Cir.1980). See also United States v. Redwine, 715 F. 2d 315, 322 (7th Cir.1983) (“a proven conspirator is responsible for the substantive offenses based on the ov…
• United States v. Wellman, 830 F.2d 1453 (7th Cir. 1987)
  …onvictions. Conviction for a violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1341 requires two basic elements: (1) a scheme to defraud; and (2) use of the mails in furtherance of that scheme. E.g., United States v. Shelton, 669 F. 2d 446, 454-55 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 934, 102 S.Ct. 1989, 72 L.Ed.2d 454 (1982). Here, the primary factual dispute was the existence of a scheme to defraud or, more particularly, intent to defraud on Well-man’s part. Of course “schemes to defraud” come in many varieties. The mailings thems…