ROBERT E. HAMILTON, INDIVIDUALLY, AND FOR THE USE AND BENEFIT OF TRANS-AMERICA INSURANCE. COMPANY, A FOREIGN CORPORATION AUTHORIZED TO DO BUSINESS IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANTS,
v.
SHELL OIL COMPANY, A DELAWARE CORPORATION AUTHORIZED TO DO BUSINESS IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
Hamilton, an employee of Manpower, Inc., sued Shell Oil Company for negligent maintenance of a dangerous condition on Shell's premises after he was injured climbing a tank truck. The trial court dismissed the complaint on the grounds that the Workers' Compensation Law was the exclusive remedy because an employer-employee relationship existed between Hamilton and Shell, but the appellate court reversed, holding that no contract of hire between the parties could be inferred from the allegations.
The court held that on the facts alleged in the amended complaint, it cannot be concluded as a matter of law that a contract of hire existed between Hamilton and Shell Oil Company, and therefore the trial court erred in dismissing the complaint based on the exclusive remedy provision of the Workers' Compensation Law. The court established that while control is a factor, the primary prerequisite is the existence of an express or implied contract of hire between the employee and the alleged special employer.
“the existence of a contract for hire, either express or implied, is a statutory prerequisite to the existence of an employer-employee relationship for purposes of the Workmen's Compensation Law”
Establishes that contract of hire is the primary factor, not merely control, in determining employer-employee relationships under Workers' Compensation Law.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceHamilton was employed by Manpower, Inc., which contracted with Shell Oil Company to provide workers for limited functions at Shell's gasoline station.…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Contract For Hire cases and more on FLexlaw
Robert E. Hamilton, the plaintiff in the trial court, filed suit against the defendant, Shell Oil Company, in the Circuit Court for Palm Beach County for personal injuries allegedly arising out of the negligent maintenance of a dangerous condition on the defendant’s premises. The defendant moved to dismiss plaintiff’s amended complaint for failure to state a cause of action. The motion was granted and a final judgment entitled “Order of Dismissal” was entered for defendant on 21 November 1967.
The amended complaint avers that the plaintiff at all material times was an employee of a corporation named Manpower, Inc. He was paid by Manpower, Inc. which withheld taxes and social security from his salary. Pursuant to a contract between Manpower, Inc. and the defendant, Shell Oil Company, Manpower, Inc. furnished its employees to perform certain limited functions in connection with the operation of a gasoline station owned and operated by the defendant in Palm Beach County, Florida.
The plaintiff, according to the amended complaint, had received instructions from an employee of the defendant as to the procedures he was to follow upon the delivery to the station of gasoline by tank trucks. The plaintiff was instructed to inspect the tanks of the trucks before and after gasoline was pumped from the trucks into the defendant’s underground storage tanks.
On 1 November 1965 while at the station the plaintiff climbed to the top of a tank truck to inspect its tanks. The climb was made by means of a metal ladder affixed to the truck in such a way that the metal frame of the truck became one of the rungs of the ladder. As plaintiff descended, his foot slipped on the metal frame which was smooth and slippery. The plaintiff fell and was injured.
The plaintiff charges that his injury was due to the negligent maintenance of the ladder and the defendant’s failure to warn of the dangerous condition created by the condition of the ladder as to which the plaintiff was unaware at the time of the accident.
On the basis of these allegations, the trial court in the final judgment appealed from, stated:
“ * * * In this case, Plaintiff was under direction of Defendant and Workmen’s Compensation Law is exclusive.
“This action is dismissed and Defendant go hence without day * * *. ”
F.S.1967, Section 440.10, F.S.A. provides:
“(1) Every employer coming within the provisions of this chapter, including any brought within the chapter by waiver of exclusion or of exemption, shall be liable for and shall secure the payment to his employees of the • compensation payable under §§ 440.13, 440.15 and 440.16. * * * ”
Under this language the relationship of employer-employee is essential to liability for workmen’s compensation benefits, Maige v. Cannon, Fla.App.1957, 98 So.2d 399, 401. From the portion of the trial court’s Order of Dismissal quoted above, it appears that the trial court decided that such a relationship existed between the plaintiff and the defendant because of the allegations in the amended complaint that the defendant had exercised some control over the plaintiff’s activities prior to the *23accident There is authority from other states which lends support to this view.1 In Florida, however, control is not the only factor to be considered in determining the existence of an employer-employee relationship for the purpose of the Workmen’s Compensation Law in a case like the present where the employee bears a working relation to two or more employers.
In Rainbow Poultry Company v. Ritter Rental System, Inc., Fla.1962,140 So. 2d 101, 103, the Court held that the main factors to be considered in determining the existence of an employer-employee relationship for the purposes of liability under the Workmen’s Compensation Law are: (1) whether or not a contract for hire, express or implied, exists between the employee and the alleged special employer; (2) whether or not the work being done at the time of the injury was essentially that of the alleged special employer; and (3) whether or not the power to control the details of work being done at the time of the accident resided in the alleged special employer.
These factors are not coequal. The first factor, that is the existence of a contract for hire, either express or implied, is a statutory prerequisite to the existence of an employer-employee relationship for purposes of the Workmen’s Compensation Law because F.S.1967, Section 440.02(2) (a), F.S.A., defines “employee” as:
“ * * * every person engaged in any employment under any appointment or contract of hire * * * express or implied, oral or written '* * (Emphasis added.)
The other factors outlined in Rainbow Poultry Co. v. Ritter Rental System, Inc. are basically indicators of the existence of the first factor. Any other relevant factors may be considered. For example, who pays the employee. In the present case, the contractual relationship between^ the defendant and Manpower, Inc. might be relevant as tending to show at least the intent of the former with respect to the existence of an employer-employee relationship between it and the plaintiff.
From the facts plead it cannot be concluded as a matter of law that a contract of hire existed between the plaintiff and the defendant at the time of the accident. This is particularly true where the amended complaint contained an express allegation to the effect that at all material times the plaintiff was an employee of Manpower, Inc. For purposes of the motion to dismiss, this allegation should have been taken as admitted.
We conclude that the trial court erred in holding as a matter of law based on the facts set forth in the amended complaint that a relationship of employer-employee for purposes of the Workmen’s Compensation Law existed between the plaintiff and the defendant at the time of the accident in question.2
*24A subsidiary point presented by the plaintiff asserts that the trial court erred in not permitting the plaintiff to amend its amended complaint by attaching thereto a copy of a purported contract between Manpower, Inc. and the Shell Oil Company. We cannot pass on the merits of this point because there is no support in the record for the contention. Because this cause must be remanded to the trial court, it may Oti remand consider any proper motion for leave to amend.
The judgment appealed from is reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.
WALDEN, C. J., and OWEN, J., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (11 total)
-
Shelby Mut. Ins. Co. v. AETNA Ins. Co., 246 So. 2d 98 (Fla. 1971)…en’s Compensation, § 48.10 (1967). . Rainbow Poultry Co. v. Ritter Rental System, Inc., 140 So. 2d 101 (Fla.1962) ; Alter Sales Co. v. Sykes, 190 So. 2d 746 (Fla.1966) ; Maige v. Cannon, 98 So. 2d 399 (Fla.App.1st 1957) ; Hamilton v. Shell Oil Co., 215 So. 2d 21 (Fla.App.4th 1968). . Hamilton v. Shell Oil Co., 215 So. 2d 21, 23 (Fla.App.4th 1968) : “In Rainbow Poultry Company v. Ritter Rental System, Inc., Fla.1962, 140 So. 2d 101, 103, the Court held that the main factors to be considered in determining…1 / 2
-
Avery W. Crawford and Lula Belle Crawford v. Fla. Steel Corp., 478 So. 2d 855 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985)…the injury was essentially that of the alleged special employer; and (3) whether the power to control the details of work being done at the time of the accident resided in the alleged special employer. Rumsey, supra; Hamilton v. Shell Oil Company, 215 So. 2d 21 (Fla. 4th DCA 1968), later appealed 233 So. 2d 179 (Fla. 4th DCA 1970), cert. den., 237 So. 2d 762 (Fla.1970); see generally, 1C Larson, Law of Workmen’s Compensation, § 48.00 (1985). The factors referred to are not equal, the first factor being the…
-
Hamilton v. Shell OIL Co., 233 So. 2d 179 (Fla. 4th DCA 1970)…or Hamilton, medical and compensation benefits paid and to be paid by Transamerica Insurance Company to Hamilton. We affirm. This is the second appearance of this cause in this court. Its initial appearance, Hamilton v. Shell Oil Co., Fla.App.1968, 215 So. 2d 21, was predicated upon a final judgment entered by the trial court entitled “Order of Dismissal” which dismissed upon defendant’s motion plaintiff’s amended complaint for failure to state a cause of action. We did not pass on the merits at that time,…
Previewing 3 of 11 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Naranja Rock Co., Inc. v. Dawal Farms, Inc., 74 So. 2d 282 (Fla. 1954)
- Berrier v. Associated Indem. Co., 142 Fla. 351 (Fla. 1939)
- Stuyvesant Corp. v. Waterhouse, 74 So. 2d 554 (Fla. 1954)
- Rainbow Poultry Co. & Gen. Guar. Ins. Co. v. Ritter Rental Sys., Inc., 140 So. 2d 101 (Fla. 1962)
- Asa E. Maige v. Ozell Cannon, 98 So. 2d 399 (Fla. 1st DCA 1957)
- Johnson v. Tropical Roofing Co., 98 So. 2d 399 (Fla. 2d DCA 1957)
- Alter Sales Co. & Pa. Nat'l Mut. Cas. Ins. Co. v. Mack D. Sykes (Deceased), 190 So. 2d 746 (Fla. 1966)