OCALA STAR-BANNER COMPANY, A FLORIDA CORPORATION, AND LOYAL PHILLIPS, INDIVIDUALLY, APPELLANTS,
v.
LEONARD DAMRON, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1969-04-22
No. K-86
RAWLS, Acting C. J., and JOHNSON and SPECTOR, JJ., concur.
221 So. 2d 459 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1969) Positive Treatment
Cited by 8 cases

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Synopsis

A newspaper was held liable for publishing a false statement that a private citizen had been indicted for perjury, when in fact it was his brother who had been indicted. The court affirmed the judgment, holding that the New York Times v. Sullivan actual malice standard does not apply because the defamatory statement did not concern the plaintiff's official conduct.


Holding

The actual malice standard announced in New York Times v. Sullivan does not apply to this case because the defamatory publication did not concern the plaintiff's official conduct or the manner in which he performed his duties. Therefore, the trial court correctly held that the plaintiff was not required to prove malice.


Key Quotes

“The constitutional guarantees require, we think, a federal rule that prohibits a public official from recovering damages for a defamatory falsehood relating to his official conduct unless he proves that the statement was made with 'actual malice' — that is, with knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not.”

Statement of the New York Times v. Sullivan rule regarding the actual malice standard for public officials

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Facts & Procedural History

The Ocala Star-Banner newspaper published an article stating that Leonard Damron had been indicted for perjury by the federal government. The publicat…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Appellant has appealed a final judgment entered pursuant to a jury verdict awarding damages to the appellee in a libel action.

The libel consisted of an item published in appellant’s newspaper stating that ap-pellee had been indicted for perjury by the federal government. As it turned out, the publication was false and that it was ap-pellee’s brother who had been so indicted and not the appellee himself. A directed verdict on the question of liability was granted, and the case went to the jury on damages only.

Appellant contends that this case is controlled by the recent pronouncements of .the federal courts on the law of libel as it relates to the news media typified by New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254, 84 S.Ct. 710, 11 L.Ed.2d 686, which in essence held that before a plaintiff may recover for libel from a newspaper, express malice must be shown. This principle seems to rest on the proposition that a newspaper has a duty to comment upon the manner in which our public officials perform the duties of their office and that in so commenting, the media is entitled to a greater latitude in bringing out matters concerning such officials which when spoken or written about a nonpublic official or figure might be libelous per se. We have no particular quarrel with that concept when its application is limited to cases giving rise to its emergence.

In the New York Times case, the court stated at 376 U.S. 279, at 84 S.Ct. at 726, 11 L.Ed.2d 706:

“The constitutional guarantees require, we think, a federal rule that prohibits a public official from recovering damages for a defamatory falsehood relating to his official conduct unless he proves that the statement was made with ‘actual malice’ — that is, with knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not.”

The court further stated at page 283 of 376 U.S., at page 727 of 84 S.Ct., at page 708:

“We hold today that the Constitution delimits a State’s power to award damages for libel in actions brought by public officials against critics of their official conduct

*461And again in footnote 23 at page 283 of 376 U.S., at page 727 of 84 S.Ct., at page 708 :

“ * * * that the allegations in the advertisement concerned what was allegedly his official conduct as Commissioner in charge of the Police Department. * * * they must be read as describing his performance of his official duties."

We have italicized certain phrases in the foregoing excerpts from New York Times to demonstrate the basis of our impression that it is the public officer’s official conduct or the manner in which he performs his duties that affords the media, a wide latitude for comment. It is the plaintiff officer’s performance of duty that is so affected by the public interest which justifies the protection from libel actions afforded by the New York Times doctrine in absence of proof of malice. Indeed, the article itself makes no reference at all to the plaintiff’s position as an officer or candidate for office. Hence, the record is devoid of any evidence to show that the appellant was acting in the area falling within the federal rule asserted.

An examination of the defamatory publication which gave rise to this case reveals that the plaintiff’s official conduct or the manner in which he performed his duties were not the basis for the inaccuracy here involved; and, hence, it does not come within the protection afforded by the rule announced in the New York Times case. It follows therefore that the trial judge correctly held that it was unnecessary for the plaintiff to show malice.

We have considered the other matters raised by appellant and find them to be without substantial merit.

Affirmed.

RAWLS, Acting C. J., and JOHNSON and SPECTOR, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Damron v. Ocala Star-Banner Co., 263 So. 2d 291 (Fla. 1st DCA 1972)
    …ummary judgment in favor of appellee-newspaper. This cause has been the subject matter of protracted litigation. Damron initially recovered a judgment in his action for libel against the Ocala Star-Banner. This Court sustained the judgment appealed. 221 So. 2d 459 (1 Fla.App.1969). The Federal Supreme Court granted certiorari and reversed. 401 U.S. 295, 91 S.Ct. 628, 28 L.Ed.2d 57 (1971). The trial judge found in the summary judgment now appealed that the Federal Supreme Court: “. . . has held that under the…
  • Damron v. Ocala Star-Banner, 35 Fla. Supp. 137 (Marion Cty. Cir. Ct. 1971)
    …e amount of damages. The jury brought in a verdict for $22,000 compensatory damages. This court denied a motion for a new trial, holding the New York Times doctrine (1954, 376 U.S. 254) did not apply. The Florida District Court of Appeal affirmed at 221 So. 2d 459. The Florida Supreme Court refused to review the judgment at 231 So. 2d 822. The Supreme Court of the United States granted certiorari at 397 U.S. 1073, and reversed the judgment at 400 U.S.__, 28 L. Ed.2d 57, 91 S.Ct. 628 (2-24-71). The Supreme Co…
  • Ocala Star-Banner Co. v. Damron, 401 U.S. 295 (U.S. 1971)
    …accuracy here involved; and, hence, it does not come within the protection afforded by the rule announced in the New York Times case. It follows therefore that the trial judge correctly held that it was unnecessary for the plaintiff to show malice.” 221 So. 2d 459, 461. The Supreme Court of Florida refused to review the judgment, 231 So. 2d 822, and we granted certiorari to consider the federal constitutional issues presented.3 397 U. S. 1073. As the mayor of Crystal River, the respondent Leonard Damron was…

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