LEAL

v.

COLLINS, DIRECTOR, TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, INSTITUTIONAL DIVISION

Citator

Cited By

• Files v. State, 613 So. 2d 1301 (Fla. 1992)
  ….Ed.2d 395 (1991); Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79, 106 S.Ct. 1712, 90 L.Ed.2d 69 (1986); Anderson v. City of Bessemer City, 470 U.S. 564, 105 S.Ct. 1504, 84 L.Ed.2d 518 (1985); United States v. Grandison, 885 F. 2d 143 (4th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 495 U.S. 934, 110 S.Ct. 2178, 109 L.Ed.2d 507 (1990); United States v. Baker, 855 F. 2d 1353 (8th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1069, 109 S.Ct. 2072, 104 L.Ed.2d 636 (1989). . Some have suggested that the only proper solution to this problem is the eliminat…
• Ratliff v. State, 666 So. 2d 1008 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996)
  …U.S.,-U.S.-, 113 S.Ct. 3060, 125 L.Ed.2d 742 (1993); United States v. Casper, 956 F. 2d 416, 418 (3d Cir.1992); United States v. Moore, 895 F. 2d 484, 485 (8th Cir.1990); United States v. Grandison, 885 F. 2d 143, 146 (4th Cir. 1989), cert, denied, 495 U.S. 934, 110 S.Ct. 2178, 109 L.Ed.2d 507 (1990). See generally United States v. Krout, 66 F. 3d 1420, 1428 (5th Cir. 1995) (seven of eleven jurors stricken peremptorily were Hispanic); Cochran v. Herring, 43 F. 3d 1404, 1410-12 (11th Cir.) (seven of fourtee…
• Nickerson v. T.A. LEE, 971 F.2d 1125 (4th Cir. 1992)
  …voir dire that suggest a discriminatory purpose, id. at 97, 106 S.Ct. at 1723. Though we have observed that there is no per se rule for establishing a prima facie case, see United States v. Grandison, 885 F. 2d 143, 147 (4th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 495 U.S. 934, 110 S.Ct. 2178, 109 L.Ed.2d 507 (1990); United States v. Lane, 866 F. 2d 103, 107 (4th Cir.1989), we have held that a showing that a black venireman has been struck, standing alone, is insufficient, see Grandison, 885 F. 2d at 149; Lane, 866 F. 2d…