MARY KUBICEK, APPELLANT,
v.
SOUTH BROWARD HOSPITAL DISTRICT D/B/A MEMORIAL HOSPITAL AND KATHLEEN A. WARREN, APPELLEES
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A medical malpractice plaintiff appealed from a judgment entered after the trial court granted a directed verdict for the defendants. The Florida appellate court held that the plaintiff had an absolute right to take a voluntary dismissal under the applicable rule before the jury retired, and reversed because the trial court improperly denied her that right.
The plaintiff had an absolute right to take a voluntary dismissal under Rule 1.420 before the retirement of the jury, and the trial court erred by not affording her that right. The judgment is reversed and remanded for further proceedings without predetermining the effect of the voluntary dismissal in the second trial.
[1] A plaintiff has an absolute right to take a voluntary dismissal of an action before the retirement of the jury.
[2] A court errs by denying a plaintiff's timely filed notice of voluntary dismissal.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Plaintiff has an absolute right to take a voluntary dismissal before retirement of the jury.”
Establishes the core principle that plaintiff cannot be denied this procedural right.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceKubicek brought a medical malpractice suit against South Broward Hospital District and nurse Kathleen Warren. The initial jury trial on June 12, 1968 …
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This is an appeal in a medical malpractice suit from a final judgment entered in favor of the appellees, South Broward Hospital District, d/b/a Memorial Hospital and Kathleen Warren, a nurse employed at the hospital.
Plaintiff initially proceeded to jury trial on June 12, 1968. During the course of the trial, plaintiff’s counsel informed the court that one of the plaintiff’s medical witnesses was not available to testify, the witness apparently being, at that time, out of the state.
Plaintiff’s counsel thereupon requested the court to declare a mistrial, and the court granted plaintiff’s request. Thereafter the court issued ifs order resetting the case for jury trial. On December 16, 1968, the case again proceeded to jury trial. At the close of plaintiff’s case, defendants’ motion for directed verdict was denied. Then, during the presentation of defendants’ case-in-chief, plaintiff’s attorney stated on the record, his notice of dismissal under Rule 1.420(a) (1), 30 F.S.A. which provides for such procedure being employed by the plaintiff, if utilized before the retirement of the jury.
The court chose to treat the prior mistrial as akin to a non-suit or a voluntary dismissal under Rule 1.420. At this juncture, defendants’ counsel moved for a directed verdict. The motion was granted. Final judgment against the plaintiff was entered and this appeal followed.
The appellant raises two points on appeal, the first point relating to the right of a plaintiff to take a voluntary dismissal under Rule 1.420; the second point refers to the court’s granting the defendants’ motion for a directed verdict.
Since we reverse on the first point, further treatment of the second point is unnecessary.
Plaintiff has an absolute right to take a voluntary dismissal before retirement of the jury. In Meyer v. Contemporary Broadcasting Company, Fla.App.1968, 207 So.2d 325, the Fourth District Court of Appeal, opined at page 327 supra:
“Reading the rule [1.420] it will be noted that in the first three lines it *839states that an action may be dismissed by plaintiff without order of court. This appears to give the plaintiff absolute control of the continuation of litigation up to either the hearing on a motion for summary judgment, the retirement of the jury, or the submission of a non jury case to the court for decision, and we so hold that such right is absolute.” (Emphasis added.)
We do not here predetermine the effect of plaintiff’s voluntary dismissal in the second trial which was taken after the initial trial aborted due to one of plaintiff’s witnesses failure to appear and testify.
It suffices to hold in the case at bar that plaintiff was not afforded her absolute right to take a voluntary dismissal.
Accordingly, the judgment is reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings.
CROSS, C. J., and REED, J., concur.
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State of Fla. Dep't OF Natural Res. v. Hudson Pulp & Paper Corp., 363 So. 2d 822 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978)…rd during trial a notice of dismissal at any time before a hearing on a motion for summary judgment, before retirement of the jury, or before submission of a non-jury case to the [*827] court for decision. Kubicek v. South Broward Hospital District, 231 So. 2d 838 (Fla. 4th DCA 1970); and Meyer v. Contemporary Broadcasting Co., Inc., 207 So. 2d 325 (Fla. 4th DCA 1968). Moreover, the trial court has no discretion in granting or denying such a dismissal by the plaintiff.. Rich Motors, Inc. v. Loyd Cole Produce…
Authorities Cited
- Hal Meyer v. Contemporary Broad. Co., Inc., 207 So. 2d 325 (Fla. 4th DCA 1968)