RAYMOND WILLIAMS, PETITIONER,
v.
A. B. COVELL, RESPONDENT
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In this interlocutory appeal, the Florida District Court of Appeal addressed whether a motion to dismiss based on the statute of limitations can proceed when the complaint itself does not affirmatively show the defense on its face. The court held that the statute of limitations defense must be asserted by answer, not by motion, when the defense does not appear on the face of the complaint.
The court held that the statute of limitations defense cannot be asserted as grounds for a motion to dismiss unless it affirmatively appears on the face of the complaint. Since the delayed service (a factual matter appearing in the record but not on the face of the complaint) was not evident from the complaint itself, the defense should have been raised by answer, not by motion.
[1] An affirmative defense appearing on the face of a pleading may be asserted as grounds for a motion to dismiss.
[2] A motion to dismiss based on the statute of limitations is improper if the complaint does not affirmatively show on its face that the cause of action is barred.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Affirmative defenses appearing on the face of a prior pleading may be asserted as grounds for a motion or defense under Rule 1.140(b)”
Establishes the procedural rule allowing affirmative defenses by motion, but only when they appear on the face of the pleading.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceRespondent filed a complaint on April 19, 1963, seeking damages for paving work performed at a filling station site in November and December 1960 purs…
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The appellant herein has termed himself as “Petitioner” and this proceeding has been termed an Interlocutory Appeal and an Interlocutory Application for Writ of Certiorari. The Respondent has accepted these terms without question and responded as if to an application for a writ of certio-rari, but states his “point on interlocutory appeal.” However, the point of law raised as constituting error on the part of the lower court is: “Whether or not the court erred in denying the defendant’s motion to dismiss on the grounds that the cause of action was barred by the Statute of Limitations.”
Complaint was filed on April 19, 1963, by Respondent herein, as plaintiff below, wherein the plaintiff sued the defendant, appellant-petitioner herein in damages for certain paving of a filling station site in November and December 1960, pursuant to an oral contract. The record shows that a summons was not issued by the clerk of the court in which the complaint was filed, until June 4, 1969, and service had on June 6, 1969.
The defendant below filed his motion to dismiss the complaint and as one of the three grounds therefor alleged: “That the complaint affirmatively shows on its face that the plaintiff’s cause of action is barred by the Statute of Limitations.” This motion was denied and this appeal taken from such order.
Without attempting to enlighten the respective counsel as to the proper nomenclature for this proceeding, we will answer the question posed as error.
F.C.P. Rule 1.110(d), 30 F.S.A. provides, inter alia, as follows: “Affirmative de*448fenses appearing on the face of a prior pleading may be asserted as grounds for a motion or defense under Rule 1.140(b) * *
The motion to dismiss the complaint in this case alleged as the ground upon which this appeal is hinged, “That the complaint affirmatively shows on its face that the plaintiff’s cause of action is barred by the Statute of Limitations.” The motion limited its scope to the complaint only.
A reading of the complaint clearly shows that the same was filed within three years after the alleged accrual of the cause of action, which is the applicable Statute of Limitation for such claim — F.S. § 95.11(5) (c), F.S.A. Therefore the motion does not allege a correct statement of fact.
The briefs of petitioner-appellant dwells almost entirely on the question of lack of process for some several years and relies upon a decision of the Second District Court of Appeal of Florida in Friday v. Newman, 183 So.2d 25, as his authority that the filing of the complaint, without some explanation for obtaining service, does not toll the running of the statute. The appellee or respondent contends that the Friday case is not applicable but this case should be governed by Hawkins v. Bay County Publishers, Inc., 148 So.2d 561 (Fla.App. 1st, 1963) in which this court held that the defense of the statute of limitations should be by answer only, and not proper as a ground for a motion. We adhere to this decision as being the present law, except that, since said decision was rendered, the Rule has been changed so that now such affirmative defense may be made by motion, if it affirmatively appears on the face of the pleading. In the case sub judice such is not the case and therefore the application for writ of certiorari is denied, inasmuch as it appears that such defense should be raised by answer. The fact that service was not obtained until several years after the complaint was filed, appears in the record but not on the face of the complaint itself, and therefore cannot be considered by us in considering the order appealed from. Without determining the question at this time, however, but as some guide to the parties and the lower court, we are of the opinion that the historic theory of the statute of limitations as enunciated in Friday v. Newman, 183 So.2d 25, if properly presented and established should be controlling in disposition of this cause.
Certiorari denied.
WIGGINTON and SPECTOR, JJ., concur.
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Adams v. Knabb Turpentine Co., Inc., 435 So. 2d 944 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983)…by answer rather than by motion to dismiss a complaint, unless the facts constituting the defense appear affirmatively on the face of the complaint. Johnson v. Johnson Chrysler/Plymouth, Inc., 389 So. 2d 690 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980); Williams v. Covell, 236 So. 2d 447 (Fla. 1st DCA 1970). In the case at bar, it may be that some or all of appellants’ causes of action are barred by the statute of limitations, but this fact is not clear from the face of the complaint. The gravamen of most of the counts appears to re…
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B. B. S. v. R. C. B., 252 So. 2d 837 (Fla. 2d DCA 1971)…endant has contributed to the support of said minor.” It did not appear on the face of her complaint that the action was barred by the statute of limitations, and, therefore, such defense should be raised by answer. Williams v. Covell, Fla.App.1970, 236 So. 2d 447. See also Kest v. Nathanson, Fla.App.1969, 216 So. 2d 233, and Geer v. Bennett, Fla.App.1970, 237 So. 2d 311, which held that “the court when faced with a motion to dismiss a complaint for failure to state a cause of action must confine itself stric…
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Rajaa Hanano and George Horak v. Steven P. Petrou, M.D., 683 So. 2d 637 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996)…ively appear on the face of the complaint, the statute of limitations may be raised by motion to dismiss. Hofer v. Ross, 481 So. 2d 939, 940 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985); Toledo Park Homes v. Grant, 447 So. 2d 343, 344 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984); Williams v. Covell, 236 So. 2d 447, 448 (Fla. 1st DCA 1970). In the instant ease, although the complaint does state that the surgery which is the subject of this action was performed on September 17, 1991, that date by itself does not constitute all facts necessary for the trial cou…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Friday v. Newman, 183 So. 2d 25 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966)
- Hawkins v. BAY Cnty. Publishers, Inc., 148 So. 2d 561 (Fla. 1st DCA 1963)