EDGAR E. CLARK AND ADA CLARK, HIS WIFE, APPELLANTS,
v.
GEORGE E. LACHENMEIER AND PEARL L. LACHENMEIER, HIS WIFE, AND AUTIE M. LEWIS AND HATTIE MAY LEWIS, HIS WIFE, APPELLEES
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A court of equity may refuse to foreclose a mortgage when an acceleration clause is invoked due to a mortgagor's default that does not harm the security and would be unconscionable to enforce.
[1] A court of equity may refuse to foreclose a mortgage when acceleration of the due date would be unconscionable and the result inequitable and unjust.
[2] A court of equity has the power to relieve a mortgagor from the effect of an acceleration clause where the default is due to the mortgagee's unconscionable conduct, or wh…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAppellants (mortgagees) sued to foreclose on a mortgage after the appellees (mortgagors) transferred ownership of the property without advising the ap…
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The lower Court entered an order dismissing appellants’ mortgage foreclosure complaint without leave to amend, finding that the acceleration clause in the mortgage was inequitable and unjust, and therefore not affording sufficient reason for foreclosure. We affirm.
The complaint alleged, inter alia, that the appellees Lachenmeier executed a promissory note and purchase money mortgage to the appellants Clark; that the property was presently owned by the ap-pellees Lewis who held possession; that the appellees had defaulted under the terms of the mortgage by failing to advise the Clarks of the transfer of ownership of the property, as provided in the mortgage, to-wit:
“It is hereby agreed that in the event of transfer of ownership of the above described property that the Mortgagee has the right and privilege of accepting or rejecting, or passing on credit, etc. of such successor in ownership”;
that the transfer of ownership was made without advice to, and without approval of transfer of ownership by, the appellants, and that the same constituted a breach of the mortgage and accelerated the same as otherwise provided in the mortgage.
The Clarks did not allege any other breach of the mortgage contract, but relied solely on the failure of notice to them of the sale of the corpus property. Neither did they allege that the security had been impaired by the default, or that they had disapproved the transfer of ownership of the mortgaged property, or that they had not had opportunity to pass on the credit of the successor in ownership. They purported to declare the full amount due to be then due and payable under the note and mortgage and demanded that if the amount due was not paid within a time set by the Court, that the property be sold and a deficiency judgment entered against the appellees if the proceeds of the sale were insufficient to pay appellants’ claim.
The clause in dispute does not by its terms accelerate maturity of the whole debt if the property is sold, as in Merriam v. Leeper, 1921, 192 Iowa 587, 185 N.W. 134, but merely provided that in event of transfer of ownership that the mortgagee has the right and privilege of accepting or rejecting, or passing on credit, etc., of such successor in ownership.
Neither party has cited to us a case from any jurisdiction directly in point, and our independent research fails to reveal any case which involves the interpretation of an acceleration clause similar to the one involved here. The circumstances involved in the case of Planters’ Lumber Co. v. Griffin Chapel M.E. Church, 1930, 157 Miss. 714, 128 So. 76, cited and relied on by appellants, are quite unlike those arising here, and are therefore not controlling in the case sub judice.
The Florida decisions recognize the right of a mortgagee to accelerate upon default of conditions directed to the preservation of the security, such as the payment of interest, installments of principal, taxes and insurance “because an investor may very properly insist that his security shall be kept intact or that the loan shall mature.” Treb. Trading Co. v. Green, 1931, 102 Fla. 238, 135 So. 510; 22 Fla.Jur., Mortgages, § 212.
A Court of equity may refuse to foreclose a mortgage when an acceleration of the due date would render the acceleration unconscionable and the result would be inequitable and unjust. Althouse v. Kenney, Fla.App.1966, 182 So.2d 270. The general rule is stated in 22 Fla.Jur., Mortgages, § 214, p. 323:
“A court of equity has the power of relieving a mortgagor from the effect of an operative acceleration clause in a *585mortgage where the default of the mortgagor is the result of some unconscionable or inequitable conduct of the mortgagee, or where no harm is done to the security by virtue of the default, and in view of the circumstances the court considers it to be unjust and inequitable to order foreclosure because of a merely unharmful breach of a condition of the mortgage.”
See Kreiss Potassium Phosphate Co. v. Knight, 1929, 98 Fla. 1004, 124 So. 751; River Holding Co. v. Nickel, Fla.1952, 62 So.2d 702; Groner-Youngerman, Inc. v. Denison, Fla.App.1960, 117 So.2d 210; Lieberbaum v. Surfcomber Hotel Corporation, Fla.App.1960, 122 So.2d 28; Koschorek v. Fischer, Fla.App.1962, 145 So.2d 755; Overholser v. Theroux, Fla.App.1963, 149 So.2d 582.
The case of Schechtman v. Grobbel, Fla. App.1969, 226 So.2d 1, involved a “rider” to a mortgage which obligated the mortgagors to pay “together with and in addition to the regular monthly payment a sum equal to one-twelfth of the current annual taxes” in order to provide an escrow tax fund. The mortgagors paid the escrow monies to a bank instead of to the mortgagees. This Court held that equity will not suffer a foreclosure and forfeiture where the only breach of the mortgage contract was that the escrow tax monies were paid to a bank instead of to mortgagees, the security at no time was in jeopardy, and the principal, interest payments, and escrow tax monies were current. See St. Martin v. McGee, Fla.1955, 82 So.2d 736 ; 22 Fla.Jur., Mortgages, § 214, p. 324.
In the case sub judice the Clarks had, and still have, a purchase money mortgage on improved real property. There is nothing in the pleadings which indicates the security was harmed or depleted by the conduct of appellees. A mortgage foreclosure is traditionally an equitable matter, and therefore the judicial forum heard the cause as a Court of equity. We believe the Court was correct in denying foreclosure Íierely because the mortgage called for the onsent of the mortgagee before property qan be sold to a third party, where no harm 1 as resulted to mortgagee from such a conveyance.
Affirmed.
HOBSON, C. J., and MANN, J., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (17 total)
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Hortensio Delgado and Nellie Geraldine Delgado v. Strong, 360 So. 2d 73 (Fla. 1978)…of petitioners. It is well-established that courts of equity may refuse to foreclose a mortgage when an acceleration of the due date would render the acceleration unconscionable and the result would be inequitable and unjust. Clark v. Lachenmeier, 237 So. 2d 583 (Fla.2d DCA 1970); Campbell v. Werner, 232 So. 2d 252 (Fla. 3d DCA 1970); Schechtman v. Grobbel, 226 So. 2d 1 (Fla. 2d DCA 1969). Consistent with this principle, courts have denied foreclosure of a mortgage where breach of the mortgage was merely a…
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Steinhardt v. Rudolph, 422 So. 2d 884 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982)…erning unconscionability as applied to a mortgage foreclosure case are entirely devoid of this analysis. See, e.g., New Eng [*890] land Mutual Life Insurance Co. v. Luxury Home Builders, Inc., 311 So. 2d 160 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975); Clark v. Lachenmeier, 237 So. 2d 583 (Fla. 2d DCA 1970); Althouse v. Kenney, 182 So. 2d 270 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966); Koschorek v. Fischer, 145 So. 2d 755 (Fla. 2d DCA 1962); Lieberbaum v. Surfcomber Hotel Corp., 122 So. 2d 28 (Fla. 3d DCA 1960). Moreover, the Restatement (Second) of Contrac…
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First Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass'n of Englewood v. Lockwood, 385 So. 2d 156 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980)…osure action bear the burden of demonstrating legitimate grounds for refusal to accept the transferee. By so doing, our courts protect borrowers by providing them with equitable defenses to inequitable accelerations by lenders. Clark v. Lachenmeier, 237 So. 2d 583 (Fla.2d DCA 1970).6 This approach is based on the historical purpose of acceleration clauses, which is to protect the security of lenders. We note with interest that First Federal included in its master form mortgage the statement: “It is the inten…
Previewing 3 of 17 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Kreiss Potassium Phosphate Co. v. Knight, 98 Fla. 1004 (Fla. 1929)
- Lieberbaum v. Surfcomber Hotel Corp., 122 So. 2d 28 (Fla. 3d DCA 1960)
- River Holding Co. v. Nickel et ux., 62 So. 2d 702 (Fla. 1952)
- Schechtman v. Gerard L. Grobbel et ux., 226 So. 2d 1 (Fla. 2d DCA 1969)
- Treb Trading Co. v. Green, 102 Fla. 238 (Fla. 1931)
- Rothstein v. Hoite McKee Agey, 145 So. 2d 755 (Fla. 3d DCA 1962)
- ST. Martin v. McGEE, 82 So. 2d 736 (Fla. 1955)
- Groner-Youngerman, Inc. v. Denison, 117 So. 2d 210 (Fla. 2d DCA 1959)
- Mrs. T. B. Althouse v. Kenney, 182 So. 2d 270 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966)
- Overholser v. Theroux, 149 So. 2d 582 (Fla. 3d DCA 1963)