R. K. OVERSTREET, AS TAX COLLECTOR OF DADE COUNTY, FLORIDA, AND W. WIRT CULBERTSON, AS TAX ASSESSOR OF DADE COUNTY, FLORIDA, APPELLANTS,
v.
INDIAN CREEK VILLAGE, APPELLEE
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County tax officials appealed a judgment invalidating their assessment of a street and bridge in Indian Creek Village. The bridge and street were owned by Indian Creek Country Club but leased to the municipality for public purposes. The court held that property leased to a municipality for public use qualifies as exempt 'public property' under Florida law, focusing on use rather than ownership.
The court held that property leased to a municipal corporation and used for municipal purposes qualifies as exempt 'public property' under § 192.06(2). The character and purpose of use, rather than the character of ownership, determines whether property is exempt from taxation. Therefore, the assessment of the street and bridge was properly invalidated.
[1] Property leased to a municipality and used for municipal purposes may be considered "public property" for purposes of tax exemption, even if title is held by a private en…
[2] Statutes granting tax exemptions are strictly construed against the claimant, but this rule does not apply when a municipality asserts the exemption.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“the character of the use to which property is put rather than the character of the ownership determines whether property should be exempt from taxation”
Establishes the controlling legal principle that use, not ownership, determines tax exemption status
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceIndian Creek Village is a small municipality on an island in Dade County, Florida, entirely served by one bridge and one street that surrounds a golf …
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County taxing officials appeal from a final judgment which held invalid the county’s assessment of the street and a bridge in Indian Creek Village, a small municipality in Dade County, Florida. The difficulty arises from the fact that the fee simple title to the land under the streets and to the bridge is in a corporation known as Indian Creek Country Club.
The municipality entirely occupies a small island. There is one bridge and one street. The street surrounds a golf course. The developers of the island for their own reasons left title to the street and the bridge in the name of the corporation operating the country club. Upon the formation of the municipality the street and the bridge were leased to the municipality for 20 years under a leasing agreement that reads in part:
“3. It is further agreed between the parties hereto that the Village recognizes that the claimed property is private property and is owned by the Club, and that the said bridge and Indian Creek Drive will not, nor any part thereof, be recognized as a public thoroughfare during the term of this lease.”
The Dade County Tax Assessor did not grant an exemption for the year 1968, whereupon the village brought suit to invalidate the assessment. There are provisions in the Constitution of the State of Florida relating to the exemption from taxation of municipal property.1 But these sections are not self-executing. See Jasper v. Mease Manor Inc., Fla.1968, 208 So.2d 821.
Chapter 192, Florida Statutes, F.S.A., contains the various sections relating to exemptions. Although appellee does not cite the specific statutory provisions relied upon for relief, the language and nature of the complaint suggests that § 192.06(2) ís at issue. The pertinent part of that section reads:
“192.06 The following property shall be exempt from taxation:
* * * * * *
all property of municipally owned and counties, cities, villages, towns and school districts in the state, used or intended for public purposes * * * including all property of municipality owned and operated public utilities held and used exclusively for municipal purposes.”
The appellants urge that § 192.06(2) means that property must be owned by a public corporation in order for it to be exempt from taxation as “public property”. The appellee upon the other hand urges that privately owned land leased to a municipality for municipal purposes is exempt because use — not ownership — determines whether property is exempt. The trial judge adopted the latter interpretation of the statute because he found:
“said property in its entirety was and is used and intended for public purposes and was in its entirety at all times material hereto, being devoted exclusively and continuously for street purposes and is, therefore, exempt from taxation under the laws of Florida.”
Appellants rely on our decision in Coppock v. Blount, Fla.App.1962, 145 So.2d 279, for reversal. We must admit that the opinion contains language that seems to support appellants’ position. But analysis will show that we made the statements apparently favorable to the appellants because:
“the individual plaintiffs, as lessors of the real property, receive payments from the corporation which are used in part to pay off a mortgage obligation of the individual plaintiffs. Thus, the individual plaintiffs are receiving a profit from the rental of the land and it matters not *151whether such monies are deposited intact in a hank or used to reduce their individual obligations.” 145 So.2d at 282.
The profit factor is not present in the instant case. For this reason, our decision in Coppock v. Blount does not control the present controversy.
Two rules impel us to affirm the judgment. First is the rule that, although statutes granting exemptions are to be construed strictly against the claimant and in favor of the taxing authority in cases of doubt, strict construction may not be invoked against a municipality asserting an exemption. State ex rel. Green v. City of Pensacola, Fla.1961, 126 So.2d 566. Second is the rule that the character of the use to which property is put rather than the character of the ownership determines whether property should be exempt from taxation. State ex rel. Cragor Co. v. Doss, 150 Fla. 486, 8 So.2d 15 (1942); State v. Inter-American Center Authority, Fla.1955, 84 So.2d 9.
Application of these rules to the present case leads us to the following conclusion. Since the party here seeking the exemption is a municipal corporation, and since that corporation is using the subject land for municipal purposes, the term “public property” as used in § 192.06, Fla.Stat., F.S.A., must in situations such as this be construed to include property leased to a municipal corporation.
We are mindful that this decision is a close and important question of great public interest. We are therefore certifying it as such to the Supreme Court of Florida.
Affirmed.
(concurring specially).
I concur. See also, Claughton Hotels, Inc. v. City of Miami, Fla.App.1962, 140 So.2d 608.
CARROLL, Judge
(concurring specially).
I concur. See also, Claughton Hotels, Inc. v. City of Miami, Fla.App.1962, 140 So. 2d 608.
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Lake Worth Towers, Inc. v. Gratton Gerstung, 251 So. 2d 27 (Fla. 4th DCA 1971)…occupancy as a home for the aged until March 1968. Therefore, the plaintiff’s use of the property on the critical date — as shown by its own complaint — did not qualify it for the exemption. Compare Overstreet v. Indian Creek Village, Fla.App. 1970, 239 So. 2d 149. The second issue is whether or not the trial court properly denied the plaintiff’s claim for an adjustment of its 1968 tax assessment by reason of the admittedly erroneous inclusion by the municipal tax assessor in the 1968 assessment of the value…
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Overstreet v. Indian Creek Vill., 248 So. 2d 2 (Fla. 1971)…ADKINS, Justice. This cause is here on petition for writ of certiorari supported by certificate of the District Court of Appeal, Third District, that its decision reported in 239 So. 2d 149 is one which involves a question of great public interest. See Fla.Const. art. V, § 4(2), F.S.A. The District Court of Appeal certified the question of great public interest to be “[Wjhether a municipal corporation must own the fee simple title in…
Authorities Cited
- State of Fla. & the taxpayers v. Inter-American Ctr. Auth., 84 So. 2d 9 (Fla. 1955)
- State v. Doss, 150 Fla. 486 (Fla. 1942)
- State of Fla. ex rel. Ray E. Green v. City OF Pensacola, 126 So. 2d 566 (Fla. 1961)
- Jasper v. Mease Manor, Inc., 208 So. 2d 821 (Fla. 1968)
- Lorin E. Coppock, Jr. v. Blount, 145 So. 2d 279 (Fla. 3d DCA 1962)
- Claughton Hotels, Inc. v. The City OF Miami, 140 So. 2d 608 (Fla. 3d DCA 1962)