STATE OF FLORIDA, PLAINTIFF,
v.
RONALD ASTORE, DEFENDANT

Fla. 2d DCA | 1972-02-02
No. 71-777
LILES, A. C. J., and MANN, J., concur.
258 So. 2d 33 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1972) Positive Treatment
Cited by 7 cases

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Holding

The court held that the statute prohibiting possession of short-barreled rifles is constitutional, interpreting it to apply to integral rifles, not handguns made from rifle parts.


Headnotes

[1] A statute defining a short-barreled rifle as any weapon made from a rifle, whether by alteration or modification, must be construed to preserve its constitutionality, if…

[2] A statute defining a short-barreled rifle does not encompass weapons made from individual, non-integrated rifle parts if such weapons are not otherwise considered rifles.

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Facts & Procedural History

The case involves a certified question regarding the constitutionality of Florida Statute § 790.221, which prohibits possession of short-barreled rifl…

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Opinion of the Court
McNULTY, Judge.

McNULTY, Judge.

This certified question comes to us from the Sixth Judicial Circuit and concerns the constitutionality of the Florida statute making it unlawful to possess short-barreled rifles.1 Florida statute § 790.221, F.S.A., reads, in pertinent part, as follows:

“It is unlawful for any person to own or to have in his care, custody, possession or control any short-barreled rifle, short-barreled shotgun, or machine gun which is, or may readily be made, operable. ...”

Florida statute § 790.001(11), F.S.A., defines a “short-barreled rifle” as:

“ . . .a rifle having one (1) or more barrels less than sixteen (16) inches in length and any weapon made from a rifle (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such weapon as modified has an over-all length of less than twenty-six (26) inches.”

*34We are asked to determine the constitutionality vel non of these statutes against the contentions that:

“1. . . . they are unconstitutionally vague.
2. [They] [v]iolate the Declaration of Rights of the Florida Constitution, F.S.A., Section 8 [F.S.A.], establishing the right to bear arms.
3. The classifications are unreasonable since they cover hand guns of all sorts made from any Rifle parts.”

It is true that there are no controlling Florida cases “on all fours” with the question as posed. We nonetheless think that there are sufficient judicial guidelines concerning the first two aspects thereof, in somewhat similar and analogous cases, so that our opinion is, at this stage, unnecessary. As to the contention that that law violates the constitutional right to bear arms, see United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174, 59 S.Ct. 816, 83 L.Ed. 1206 (1939). See, also, Davis v. State, 146 So.2d 892 (Fla.1962). As to whether the statute is unconstitutionally vague, see United States v. Campbell, 427 F.2d 892 (5th Cir. 1970); and United States v. Lauchli, 371 F.2d 303 (7th Cir. 1966).

Considering now the third aspect of the question, we note that the definition section cited above includes, in its definition of a short-barreled rifle, “ . . . any weapon made from a rifle. ...” This is the troublesome provision. The posed question is pregnant with whether such provision contemplates another type of weapon, such as perhaps a common hand gun, which is made from rifle parts. We don’t think so. Apart from the fact that the word “parts” is not mentioned, and thus presumably intentionally omitted, if such were the legislative intent then it might well be an unreasonable classification as regulating only one segment of a class of non-rifle type weapon. We cannot so construe the statute and preserve its constitutionality, which we must do if reasonably possible.

Clearly, we think, the statute refers to a weapon which in its essence is an integral, operable rifle, as the term rifle is commonly understood, however much it is shortened and/or however it is rendered fireable, i. e., whether from the shoulder or as a common hand gun. It does not include weapons made from individual, non-integrated rifle parts, if such weapons are not otherwise “rifles.” We agree with the suggestion made in the state’s brief herein, for example, that if a person were to take the sight, or the trigger or other part of a rifle and adapt it to a hand gun or other non-rifle type weapon he would not be constructing a short-barreled rifle unless an accumulation of such parts change the character of the original weapon to that of a “rifle.”

We interpose here, that from the description of the weapon involved in this case, as given in the state’s Statement of Particulars, the question of whether the statute applies to a “hand gun” made from rifle “parts” may well not be raisable herein because it may be merely a hypothetical situation not .within the facts. As such, the particular constitutional question based thereon would itself be a hypothetical and should not be decided.2

LILES, A. C. J., and MANN, J., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Rinzler v. Carson, 262 So. 2d 661 (Fla. 1972)
    …ting upon the ground. Since this statute is of recent enactment, this Court has as yet not passed upon its constitutionality. The District Court of Appeal, Second District, in an opinion rendered February 2, 1972, (State of Florida v. Astore, Fla., 258 So. 2d 33) upheld the constitutionality of that portion of this same statute which makes it unlawful for any person to own or have in his possession or control any “short-barreled rifle” as against the contention that the statute is an unreasonable and uncons…
  • Gillman v. State, 346 So. 2d 586 (Fla. 1st DCA 1977)
    …ave a short-barreled . you can saw off a shotgun to 6 inches as long as you put a long stock on it? Its not an illegal shotgun? No way.” We hold the evidence supports the judgment of conviction on count four of the information. See State v. Astore, 258 So. 2d 33 (Fla.2d DCA 1972). AFFIRMED. McCORD, Acting C. J., and DREW, E. HARRIS, (Retired) Associate Judge, concur. MASON, ERNEST E., (Retired) Associate Judge, concurs in part and dissents in part.…
  • Marcel v. State, 410 So. 2d 1005 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982)
    …PER CURIAM. Affirmed. State v. Astore, 258 So. 2d 33 (Fla. 2d DCA 1972); Winchell v. State, 362 So. 2d 992 (Fla. 3d DCA 1978), cert. denied, 370 So. 2d 462 (Fla.1979); Albo v. State, 379 So. 2d 648 (Fla.1980); State v. Melendez, 392 So. 2d 587 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981); Cobb v. State, 378 So. 2d 82 (Fla. 3d…

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