BOBBY LEON SAPP ET AL., APPELLANTS,
v.
HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY, A POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1972-04-28
No. 72-242
HOBSON, J., concurs., McNULTY, J., dissents with opinion.
262 So. 2d 256 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1972) Positive Treatment
Cited by 8 cases

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Synopsis

In an eminent domain proceeding, Hillsborough County sought to condemn two parcels of property to construct a state highway connecting State Road 39 to Plant City. The district court reversed the trial court's finding of necessity, holding that the County constituted a gross abuse of discretion by taking the homeowners' properties when alternative routes through unoccupied wooded areas were available.


Holding

The court held that the taking of the properties constituted a gross abuse of discretion and reversed the trial court's order finding the properties necessary for public use. The court remanded with directions to vacate the order of taking, directing the County and State to design a safe highway through the unoccupied area east of appellants' homes.


Headnotes

[1] The necessity of a taking in an eminent domain proceeding is a judicial question.

[2] A condemning authority abuses its discretion when the proposed taking of private property for a public purpose is not reasonably necessary and a less intrusive alternativ…

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Key Quotes

“eminent domain is a harsh proceeding and when the State exercises this power it must do so in a manner which takes into consideration both the right of the public and of the property owner”

Establishes the fundamental principle that eminent domain power must balance public and private interests

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Facts & Procedural History

Hillsborough County and the State Department of Transportation filed a petition in eminent domain to condemn Parcels 116 and 121 owned by appellants f…

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Opinion of the Court
PIERCE, Chief Judge.

PIERCE, Chief Judge.

This appeal is from an order of the Circuit Judge in and for Hillsborough County finding Parcels 116 and 121 necessary for public use as a road right-of-way in an eminent domain proceeding filed by Hillsborough County, a political subdivision of the State of Florida.

Appellants, by way of interlocutory appeal, contest the order finding that Parcels 116 and 121 are necessary for public use and the trial Judge’s order denying motions for continuance.

Appellee, pursuant to resolution adopted by the Board of County Commissioners of Hillsborough County and the State Depart*257ment of Transportation, filed a petition in eminent domain and sought to condemn appellants’ properties, alleging that the acquisition of appellants’ properties was necessary for the purpose of constructing and maintaining a State highway which would connect State Road 39 westerly and northerly to the south city limits of Plant City, Florida, and Alexander Street. The appellants denied that their property described as Parcels 116 and 121 were necessary for public use. Following the filing of appellants’ petition to contest necessity, they filed two motions for continuances and the same were denied by the trial Judge.

Subsequently, a hearing was held on appellants’ petition contesting necessity after which the trial Judge entered its order finding that Parcels 116 and 121 were necessary for public use and as a right-of-way. The trial Judge denied appellants’ motion for supersedeas but deferred possession of the parcels until May 1, 1972, to allow appellants the opportunity to appeal. This Court granted appellants’ motion to advance the cause on the docket and oral argument was held by this Court on April 19, 1972.

An examination of the exhibits furnished this Court in appellants’ exhibits #1 and #2 shows that the proposed right-of-way will run up to the front door of the home owned by appellants, Browns, and will run completely through the home occupied by the appellants, Sapps. The appellants therefore urge that the taking of their property was not necessary for the construction of the proposed road and was a gross abuse of discretion by the condemning authority and that the trial Judge erred in failing to find that the taking constituted a gross abuse of discretion.

The aerial maps contained in appellants’ exhibits show that on the easterly side of appellants’ homes there is a vast unoccupied wooded area and that the road could and properly should be constructed through the unoccupied area thereby saving their homes as well as considerable amount of money to the condemning authority.

As is pointed out in appellants’ brief, the Constitution of the State of Florida grants the appellee power of eminent domain and Chapter 73, Fla.Stat., F.S.A., provides the method by which the constitutional power should be exercised. Case law in Florida, too numerous to cite here, provides that the taking of a parcel of land for carrying out a public purpose is ultimately a judicial question, and the land owner has the right to be heard. See Inland Waterway Development Company v. Jacksonville, Fla.1948, 160 Fla. 913, 37 So.2d 333; State Road Department of Florida v. Southland, Inc., Fla.App.1960, 117 So.2d 512.

The appellee contends that this project must proceed without delay since there is being constructed a new high school by which this road must pass and thereby grant ingress and egress to the school when it opens in September, 1972. We are not impressed with this argument since according to the State’s testimony the proposal for this road was originally made in 1967. They have delayed the planning and construction until this late date and now urge that this order of taking must be entered by May 1, 1972.

We have been unable in our research to find a case where the facts are the same as the instant case; but in our attempt to arrive at a just and equitable decision, we note that eminent domain is a harsh proceeding and when the State exercises this power it must do so in a manner which takes into consideration both the right of the public and of the property owner. It is inconceivable to us, from viewing the aerial maps and studying the testimony adduced at the hearing, that the State is unable to design a curved highway to accomplish the purposes for which this road is being constructed through the unoccupied area east of appellants’ homes and *258at the same time serve the school now being constructed.

In reviewing all of the facts and the exhibits, we believe the taking of these properties constituted a gross abuse of discretion. We, therefore, reverse and remand with directions to vacate the order of taking. If the County and the State desire to build a road in this vicinity, they should order their capable engineering staff to design a safe highway through the unoccupied area which will serve the purpose for which this road was designed.

Appellants have assigned as error the trial Judge’s refusal to grant continuances. In view of our opinion herein, it is not necessary to comment on this assignment. Suffice it to say, the trial Judge has broad discretion in granting or refusing to grant continuances in any matter before him.

Reversed and remanded.

HOBSON, J., concurs.

McNULTY, J., dissents with opinion.

McNULTY, Judge

(dissenting).

While we may not have come to the same conclusion as the trial judge if we were sitting in his stead, I am of the view that nevertheless there was sufficient evidence before him to support his conclusions. This no longer appears to be a matter of discretion, therefore, but rather one of a factual determination within his province as trier of the facts; any discretion involved, indeed, is vested in the condemner and the trial judge’s function is merely to determine whether as a fact the condemner’s discretion was abused. In finding in the negative I cannot see how the trial judge committed reversible error.

Accordingly, I would affirm the order appealed from.

Dissent
McNULTY, Judge

McNULTY, Judge

(dissenting).

While we may not have come to the same conclusion as the trial judge if we were sitting in his stead, I am of the view that nevertheless there was sufficient evidence before him to support his conclusions. This no longer appears to be a matter of discretion, therefore, but rather one of a factual determination within his province as trier of the facts; any discretion involved, indeed, is vested in the condemner and the trial judge’s function is merely to determine whether as a fact the condemner’s discretion was abused. In finding in the negative I cannot see how the trial judge committed reversible error. Accordingly, I would affirm the order appealed from.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Hillsborough Cnty. v. Sapp, 280 So. 2d 443 (Fla. 1973)
    …McCAIN, Justice. Before us for review on petition for writ of certiorari is a decision of the District Court of Appeal, Second District, 262 So. 2d 256, which reversed an order of the Hillsborough County Circuit Court approving the condemnation of respondents’ properties by the County. The District Court decision directly conflicts with Boley, et al. v. Escambia County, 100 Fla. 505, 129 So. 784 (1…
  • Jones v. City OF Tallahassee, 266 So. 2d 382 (Fla. 1st DCA 1972)
    …168. . 1 Nichols on Eminent Domain 5S0, § 4.11 [3] (4), (Third Edition). . Sibley v. Volusia County, 147 Fla. 256, 2 So .2d 578, 582 (1941) ; Spafford v. Brevard County, 92 Fla. 617, 110 So. 451, 458. . Sapp v. Hillsborough County, (Fla.App.1972) 262 So. 2d 256.…
  • City OF Jacksonville v. Moman, 290 So. 2d 105 (Fla. 1st DCA 1974)
    …trict construction will be given against a political unit which arbitrarily and unreasonably attempts to exercise such power. Peavy-Wilson Lumber Co. v. Brevard County, 159 Fla. 311, 31 So. 2d 483 (1947), 172 A.L.R. 168; Sapp v. Hillsborough County, 262 So. 2d 256 (2 Fla.App.1972); Brest v. Jacksonville Expressway Auth., 194 So. 2d 658 (1 Fla.App.1967) affirmed 202 So. 2d 748 (Fla.1967), 20 A.L.R.3d 854. As reflected above, the trial judge found that the city failed to carry its burden of proving by competen…

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