EDWARD HARLEY CAWTHON, APPELLANT,
v.
ROBERT H. COFFER, JR., ET AL., APPELLEES

Fla. 2d DCA | 1972-07-26
No. 71-670
HOBSON and MANN, JJ., concur.
264 So. 2d 873 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1972) Negative Treatment
Cited by 6 cases

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Synopsis

Cawthon appealed the dismissal of his complaint alleging that court-appointed psychiatrists negligently examined him in a competency proceeding, resulting in a wrongful incompetency determination. The court affirmed dismissal, holding that court-appointed examiners in competency proceedings are absolutely immune from liability for negligence in performing their duties.


Holding

Court-appointed physicians examining a person's mental capacity in an incompetency proceeding are absolutely immune from liability for negligence in making the examination. The complaint failed to state a cause of action because it did not allege that the doctors failed to examine the appellant or that the examination was not conducted for the proper purpose.


Headnotes

[1] A committee appointed by a court to examine a person's competency is absolutely privileged from liability for actions arising out of judicial proceedings.

[2] A complaint alleging negligence by court-appointed medical professionals in conducting a competency examination fails to state a cause of action if it does not allege tha…

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Key Quotes

“a doctor who is appointed by a Court for the purpose of making a physical examination to determine mental capacity in an incompetency proceeding should be immune from action based upon his negligence in making the examination”

The trial court's holding establishing absolute immunity for court-appointed examiners in competency proceedings

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Facts & Procedural History

Cawthon was examined by two licensed psychiatrists (Coffer and Rubio) and a layman (Osterman) who were appointed by the County Judge's Court to assess…

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Opinion of the Court
PIERCE, Chief Judge.

PIERCE, Chief Judge.

Appellant Cawthon’s first amended complaint was dismissed with leave to amend. His appeal to this Court was dismissed by stipulation of the parties. He then filed his second amended complaint, which was withdrawn by stipulation of the parties. Cawthon elected not to plead further, and upon motion of appellees, the cause was dismissed.

Cawthon sought to recover damages for a tort allegedly committed by appellees. He alleged, inter alia, that the appellees, Coffer and Rubio, licensed and practicing psychiatrists, and a layman, appellee Osterman, were appointed by the County Judge’s Court to act as a committee to ascertain Cawthon’s mental and physical condition. He alleged that the only examination made of him was cursory, superficial, *874unspecific, without prior investigation, brief, without prior psychometric evaluation, exhibiting a reckless indifference to the rights of appellant, wholly lacking in and wantonly disregardful of that degree of care and skill required in the exercise of their respective duties and standards of care to appellant, necessitated by the circumstances and demanded by their duty as measured by the trust which the statute and Court order reposed in them, and without due examination and inquiry into the proof of the fact of appellant’s true mental and physical condition. The complaint further alleged that appellees reported to the County Judge’s Court that a thorough examination had been conducted and that they determined him to be incompetent. He further alleged that he was not incompetent, and that this fact would have been discovered by appellees had they made a thorough physical and mental examination of him. Cawthon alleged that as a result of this negligence, maliciousness, culpability and reckless disregard for the rights of appellant in the failure to make a thorough and complete physical and mental examination, he was adjudged incompetent; anti, that as a result he had suffered severe mental and emotional distress, physical pain and suffering, loss of physical health, and loss of real and personal property and income.

In its order granting the motion to dismiss, the lower Court found that the complaint failed to state a cause of action because (1) a doctor who is appointed by a Court for the purpose of making a physical examination to determine mental capacity in an incompetency proceeding should be immune from action based upon his negligence in making the examination; and (2) the complaint did not allege that the doctors performed the mental examination in an improper or negligent manner with the intent of inflicting severe or undue emotional distress.

Appellees cross-assign as error the conclusion that an action would lie against a physician appointed by a Court who deliberately performed a mental examination in an improper or negligent manner with the intent of inflicting severe or undue emotional distress upon the person being examined.

We agree with the trial Court that the complaint failed to state a cause of action.

The Courts of this State have acknowledged an absolute privilege or immunity from liability for actions arising out of judicial proceedings, including a committee appointed to examine into a person’s competency, Fisher v. Payne, 1927, 93 Fla. 1085, 113 So. 378. In Beckham v. Cline, 1942, 151 Fla. 481, 10 So.2d 419, the Court did not hold that members of a court-appointed committee were liable for misstatements of findings or errors in judgment, but rather that the members of the committee were required to make an examination concerning the mental condition of the person under consideration, which they did not do, before they were authorized to make a report of their findings. In Bacon v. Bacon, 1899, 76 Miss. 458, 24 So. 968, quoted in Beckham, the physicians certified that they had examined the person under consideration and found her to be insane, when in fact they had not examined her as to her sanity or insanity. In the present case there was no allegation that the psychiatrists had not examined the appellant or that the examination was not for the purpose of determining his sanity or insanity.

In view of our ruling that the complaint was insufficient to state a cause of action against appellees, it is unnecessary to consider appellees’ cross-assignment of error.

The judgment appealed is, therefore

Affirmed.

HOBSON and MANN, JJ., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Bradford v. Metro. Dade Cnty., 522 So. 2d 96 (Fla. 3d DCA 1988)
    …oner escapes and injures individual), affirmed, 469 So. 2d 1382 (Fla.1985); Berry v. State, 400 So. 2d 80 (Fla. 4th DCA) (decision to grant or withhold parole is a discretionary function), review denied, 411 So. 2d 380 (Fla.1981); Cawthon v. Coffer, 264 So. 2d 873 (Fla. 2d DCA 1972) (immunity from liability exists for actions arising out of judicial proceedings). Cf. State, Dept. of Health & Rehabilitative Servs. v. Yamuni, 498 So. 2d 441 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986) (statutory duty owed by HRS to provide protective se…
  • Mouhamed Zock v. Lloyd R. Miller, M.D., 505 So. 2d 18 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987)
    …ed enjoys quasi-judicial immunity from liability where he, based on an examination, erroneously determines that the accused, if released on bail, would pose no harm to others. See Fisher v. Payne, 93 Fla. 1085, 113 So. 378 (1927); Cawthon v. Coffer, 264 So. 2d 873 (Fla. 2d DCA 1972). See also Seibel v. Kemble, 63 Haw. 516, 631 P. 2d 173 (1981) (reasons underlying judicial immunity apply to court-appointed psychiatrists). Affirmed.…
  • Cruz v. Alexander Angelides, M.D., 574 So. 2d 278 (Fla. 3d DCA 1991)
    …mmune from any civil liability, save perhaps malicious prosecution, for testimony or other sworn statements which he or she gives in the course of the subject proceeding. Wright v. Yurko, 446 So. 2d 1162, 1164 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984); Cawthon v. Coffer, 264 So. 2d 873, 874 (Fla. 2d DCA 1972); Seidel v. Hill, 264 So. 2d 81 (Fla. 4th DCA 1972); Bencomo v. Morgan, 210 So. 2d 236 (Fla. 3d DCA 1968). This being so, it is plain that the plaintiff has no cause of action for breach of a fiduciary duty against the defenda…

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