ROBERT PHILLIPS, JR., APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Robert Phillips appeals the denial of his motion to withdraw a guilty plea to manslaughter in the death of Harold Kneeland. The court affirmed the denial, holding that Phillips's conduct was sufficiently violent to support a manslaughter conviction and that his negotiated plea to a reduced charge was reasonable.
The court affirmed the denial of the motion to withdraw the guilty plea. Although the law favors trial on the merits and withdrawal of guilty pleas when justice so requires, Phillips's conduct was sufficiently violent to support a manslaughter conviction, distinguishing this case from Tipton and more closely resembling Williamson v. State, which affirmed a second degree murder conviction.
[1] A writ of coram nobis requires the showing of substantial newly discovered evidence.
[2] A defendant may be permitted to withdraw a guilty plea if it is evident that the ends of justice will be subserved by allowing a plea of not guilty.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The law inclines definitely to trial on the merits; the decision in each case must depend on the particular attending facts; and a withdrawal of a plea of guilty shall not be refused where it is in the least evident that the ends of justice will be subserved by allowing a plea of not guilty to be entered in the place of a guilty plea.”
Establishes the legal standard favoring withdrawal of guilty pleas when justice requires, cited from Hill v. State.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceOn January 14, 1972, Phillips, under the influence of LSD, forced his way into the Kneelands' apartment saying he was cold. He ran through the apartme…
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GRIMES, Judge.
The appellant was charged with second degree murder of Harold Kneeland. Prior to trial, he was examined by two psychiatrists, both of whom found him competent to stand trial. Thereafter, with advice of counsel, the defendant entered a negotiated plea of guilty to the reduced charge of manslaughter and was sentenced to a term of imprisonment for six months to five years.
Six months later, appellant, having obtained new counsel, filed a motion to set aside sentence, or in the alternative, petition for writ of coram nobis. This is an appeal from the denial of appellant’s motion/petition.
The facts precipitating the appellant’s incarceration must be gleaned from the testimony taken at the hearing upon his petition together with certain pre-trial depositions. On the night of January 14, 1972, the appellant rang the doorbell of the apartment of Mr. and Mrs. Kneeland. Upon the door being opened, appellant said, “Please help me. I’m cold,” pushed the Kneelands back and slid to the floor. Mrs. Kneeland went to get a blanket. The appellant jumped up and began to run through the apartment shouting obscenities. He was flailing his hands and knocking things over. He shoved Mr. Kneeland and started scuffling with him. The Knee-lands’ dog started for the appellant but was repulsed by a strong kick. Appellant then went onto the porch, broke through a screen and was teetering over the railing of the ninth floor apartment. Mrs. Knee-land pulled him back to safety. Mr. Knee-land told his wife to call the police.
At this point, Mr. Kneeland pointed an unloaded gun at the appellant. Mrs. Knee-land implored her husband not to shoot him. Thereupon, the appellant knocked the gun out of Mr. Kneeland’s hand. Appellant then grabbed Mrs. Kneeland around the neck and threw her down. Appellant then struggled with Mrs. Kneeland on the floor and had his hands around her neck. Mr. Kneeland was attempting to pull appellant away from his wife when he collapsed into a chair. Mrs. Kneeland and the appellant both ran outside the apartment. Mrs. Kneeland screamed for help, and the appellant collapsed on an adjacent walkway. Upon her return to the apartment, Mrs. Kneeland was unable to feel her husband’s pulse beat. He was rushed to the hospital but was pronounced dead on arrival.
The evidence reflects that the appellant was under the influence of the hallucinogenic drug LSD during his foray in the Kneelands’ apartment. Mr. Kneeland received no demonstrable physical injuries at the hands of the appellant except a laceration on his nose. Mr. Kneeland was 62 years of age and had a chronic heart condition. The immediate cause of his death was heart failure. A doctor testified that it was reasonable to assume that his heart attack was precipitated by the excitement incident to the altercation with the appellant.
Appellant’s petition for coram nobis was without merit because of the failure to show any substantial newly discovered evidence. However, the appellant strongly urges that the judge should have permitted him to withdraw his plea of guilty because the record clearly reflects that he committed no homicide. His argument is predicated upon the case of Tipton v. State, Fla.1957, 97 So. 2d 277.
In Tipton, the defendants were convicted of manslaughter for having caused the death of a filling station operator. Following the purchase of gasoline, the deceased refused to cash one of the defendants’ checks. An argument ensued. The defendants pushed, but did not hit, the deceased ; whereupon, he fell to the floor and died of an apparent heart attack.
The Supreme Court held that the trial judge should have granted the defendants’ motion for a directed verdict. For purposes of argument, the court accepted the causal connection between the “pushing” and the decedent’s death. Further, the court acknowledged that one could be found guilty of manslaughter even where it could not reasonably have occurred to him or did not occur to him that death would be a probable result of his actions.
Nevertheless, the court said that our law requires the punishment to be proportionate to the act being punished. The court appears to have felt that the action of the defendants was not of such a violent nature as to form the basis for a conviction of manslaughter. In essence, the appellant argues that had he been properly advised by his attorney concerning the import of Tipton, he would not have pled guilty. He cites us to Hill v. State, Fla.App.2d, 1959, 110 So. 2d 464, in which this court said:
. . The law inclines definitely to trial on the merits; the decision in each case must depend on the particular attending facts; and a withdrawal of a plea of guilty shall not be refused where it is in the least evident that the ends of justice will be subserved-by allowing a plea of not guilty to be entered in the place of a guilty plea. Eckles v. State, 1938, 132 Fla. 526, 180 So. 764.”
We have no hesitancy in reaffirming the principles of Hill v. State, supra. If we were convinced that the appellant had not committed manslaughter, we would be hard put to refuse to allow him to withdraw his plea. But, we cannot say that the appellant could not have been convicted upon the facts reflected by this record. The issue of causation would have been a jury question.
Moreover, the appellant’s conduct was greater in degree than that of the defendants in Tipton. He not only pushed and struggled with Mr. Kneeland; he also knocked his wife down and started choking her. These assaults, coupled with a protracted episode of otherwise bizarre conduct on the part of a total stranger, were bound to have a traumatic effect upon Mr. Kneeland. In fact, appellant’s conduct could be said to more nearly resemble that of the defendant in Williamson v. State, 1927, 92 Fla. 1094, 111 So. 245, wherein the Supreme Court affirmed a conviction for second degree murder. Since there was a basis upon which the appellant could have been convicted, we cannot say the judge erred in refusing to permit the appellant to withdraw his guilty plea. It should be remembered that appellant’s plea was the result of negotiations whereby the charges against him were reduced, and he received a sentence of six months to five years. Regardless of the implications of Tipton v. State, supra, the appellant may have been well advised to avoid the gamble of receiving a sentence which could have run as high as thirty years.
The order is affirmed.
McNULTY, A. C. j., and BOARDMAN, J., concur.
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Mahaun v. State, 377 So. 2d 1158 (Fla. 1979)…elony in conjunction with a merely incidental death could constitute a felony murder are ill-founded. In any felony murder conviction the element of causation must be established. Adams v. State, 310 So. 2d 782 (Fla. 2d DCA 1975); Phillips v. State, 289 So. 2d 447 (Fla. 2d DCA 1974). We find the language of sections 782.04(4) and 827.03 sufficiently defines the proscribed conduct when measured by common understanding and practice. Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476, 77 S.Ct. 1304, 1 L.Ed.2d 1498 (1957); Stat…
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Todd v. State, 594 So. 2d 802 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992)…ion on excusable homicide should have been given and that the lack of proof of a causal connection between the alleged “pushing, shoving and ill treatment” and the death of the deceased precluded a conviction for manslaughter. In Phillips v. State, 289 So. 2d 447 (Fla. 2d DCA), cert. denied, 294 So. 2d 662 (Fla.1974), the defendant, who was under the influence of LSD, forced his way into a private home, began acting in a very bizarre manner and assaulted the elderly couple who resided there. The husband, who…
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Maynard v. State, 660 So. 2d 293 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995)…ry question, and their conclusion in that regard is reasonably supported by substantial, competent evidence establishing that the appellant’s actions materially contributed to the victim’s death. See Brote, 469 So. 2d at 793 n. 2; Phillips v. State, 289 So. 2d 447 (Fla. 2d DCA), cert. denied, 294 So. 2d 662 (Fla.1974).2 We finally consider appellant’s argument that the trial court erred in declining to give the jury three proposed instructions concerning her theory of defense that she was not criminally resp…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Tipton v. State, 97 So. 2d 277 (Fla. 1957)
- Eckles v. State, 132 Fla. 526 (Fla. 1938)
- L. v. Hill, 110 So. 2d 464 (Fla. 2d DCA 1959)
- Bud Williamson v. State, 92 Fla. 1094 (Fla. 1926)