D. L. C., A MINOR, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1974-08-08
No. U-306
JOHNSON, J., concurs., McCORD, J., specially concurs.
298 So. 2d 480 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1974) Positive Treatment
Cited by 8 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

A 15-year-old juvenile appeals the denial of his motion to suppress marijuana found during a police search, challenging whether the initial stop and arrest were lawful. The Florida appellate court affirmed the conviction, holding that the officer lawfully arrested the juvenile based on curfew violation and underage drinking, making the subsequent search incident to a valid arrest.


Holding

The court affirmed the trial court's denial of the motion to suppress, holding that the arrest was lawful and the search was valid as incident to a lawful arrest. The officer had probable cause to arrest the juvenile based on the apparent curfew violation and the juvenile's admission to underage drinking.


Headnotes

[1] A police officer may lawfully stop and question a juvenile observed hitchhiking on the highway after 11:00 p.m. …

[2] A police officer may lawfully arrest a juvenile who admits to consuming alcoholic beverages, in violation of state law, and exhibits physical signs of intoxication.

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Key Quotes

“The arrest which led to the search of appellant was lawful and the search which was made by Officer Brown was incidental to this arrest.”

Establishes the court's core holding that the search was valid as incident to a lawful arrest

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Facts & Procedural History

On August 22, 1973, Officer Brown stopped 15-year-old D.L.C. hitchhiking in Gulf Breeze, Florida between 10:55-11:05 p.m. Gulf Breeze had an 11:00 p.m…

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Opinion of the Court
RAWLS, Chief Judge.

RAWLS, Chief Judge.

The pertinent point posed by this appeal is whether marijuana which was found on the person of appellant was discovered as a result of a lawful search and seizure.

On August 22, 1973, appellant, a 15-year old juvenile, was hitchhiking from a rock concert in Pensacola, Florida, to his home in Ft. Walton, Florida. Between 10:55 and 11:05 p. m., two policemen in the town of Gulf Breeze saw appellant beside the road and stopped to question him. The town of Gulf Breeze has an ordinance which imposes an 11:00 p. m. curfew each night for persons 16 years of age and under. Officer Brown testified that appellant was hitchhiking in a dark area of the highway and that upon stopping he asked appellant for his identification. On checking appellant’s identification Officer Brown learned that appellant was a juvenile and he then decided to check appellant further. Officer Brown thought that appellant might be a missing person, a runaway, “and this kind of thing”. On noticing appellant’s “bloodshot and glassy looking eyes”, Officer Brown asked appellant if he had been drinking and appellant replied he had “had a little bit to drink”. Officer Brown then apprehended appellant to take him back to his office to see if he could “find out about him”. Officer Brown instructed appellant to empty his pockets on the hood of the police car for the purpose of checking him for weapons. Upon ostensibly completing the emptying of his pockets, appellant stated to Officer Brown that that was all of it. At that juncture Officer Brown noticed a bulge in appellant’s left pants pocket. Officer Brown felt it and pulled out a bag of marijuana. He then searched appellant thoroughly and found four more bags of marijuana.

At trial appellant moved to suppress the marijuana as evidence on the basis that it was obtained as a result of an illegal search and seizure.

The trial court denied the motion to suppress.

We agree with the trial court. The arrest which led to the search of appellant was lawful and the search which was made by Officer Brown was incidental to this arrest. It is uncontradicted that the town of Gulf Breeze has an ordinance making it unlawful for persons 16 years of age and under to be on the streets after 11:00 p. m. In addition, it is still contrary to the laws of this state for a 15-year old boy to indulge in drinking alcoholic beverages. Appellant was apprehended after Officer Brown observed that his eyes were “bloodshot and glassy looking” and appellant had admitted to Officer Brown that he had been indulging in drinking alcoholic beverages. In our view Officer Brown, under the facts outlined, would have been derelict in the performance of his duties had he not taken appellant into custody and conducted a full custodial search.

The judgment appealed is affirmed.

JOHNSON, J., concurs.

McCORD, J., specially concurs.

Concurrence
McCORD, Judge

McCORD, Judge

(concurring specially).

While the police officer did not announce to appellant juvenile that he was under arrest for violation of the eleven o’clock curfew ordinance of the Town of Gulf Breeze, he testified that he considered appellant was in technical violation of it; that it is not his policy to say to a juvenile “you are under arrest” and “get them shaken up.” The officer testified that prior to the search of appellant’s person, he apprehended him to take him to his office for further check. He had probable cause at that time to believe that appellant was violating the curfew. Because of this, I consider the search was reasonable as incident to a lawful arrest.

While I am somewhat concerned that the prosecution did not introduce the municipal ordinance into evidence, as the court cannot take judicial notice of a municipal ordinance, there was no objection to the testimony of the police officers on that score and both sides apparently concede that there was a municipal curfew ordinance. That question was not raised either at the trial or on appeal.


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Citator

Cited By

  • In the Interest of J. W. P. v. State, 311 So. 2d 116 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975)
    …voluntarily, knowingly, and intelligently waived his right to be protected by the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution”. The question raised in this case was answered by this Court in an analogous case of D. L. C. v. State, Fla.App., 298 So. 2d 480. Accordingly, the judgment and adjudication herein is Affirmed. BOYER, Acting C. J., JOHNSON, J., and STEWART, LEON F., Associate Judge, concur.…
  • Thomas v. State, 583 So. 2d 336 (Fla. 5th DCA 1991)
    …reasonable under the Fourth Amendment. United States v. Robinson, 414 U.S. 218, 94 S.Ct. 467, 38 L.Ed.2d 427 (1973); State v. Gustafson, 258 So. 2d 1 (Fla.1972), affirmed, 414 U.S. 260, 94 S.Ct. 488, 38 L.Ed.2d 456 (1973). See also D.L.C. v. State, 298 So. 2d 480 (Fla. 1st DCA 1974) (juvenile defendant’s violation of municipal ordinance and admission that he had been drinking alcoholic beverages justified arrest, and marijuana found on his person in search pursuant to arrest was admissible as evidence). The…
  • Remor v. State, 991 So. 2d 957 (Fla. 4th DCA 2008)
    …parel and not burglary tools). On the charge of resisting arrest without violence, the police had a reasonable suspicion to stop and detain Remor because he was in violation of a hurricane related curfew near a commercial area. See D.L.C. v. State, 298 So. 2d 480, 481 (Fla. 1st DCA 1974) (McCord, J., concurring specially). “An individual may be guilty of unlawfully obstructing an officer if he flees while knowing the officer’s intent to detain him and the officer is justified in stopping and detaining him.”…

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