INTERNATIONAL GEM STONES, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, APPELLANT,
v.
HARPER-ROBINSON & CO., INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
International Gem Stones sued Harper-Robinson for damages to a shipment of gems that were allegedly lost while in Harper-Robinson's possession as a bailee. The trial court directed a verdict for the defendant, but the appellate court reversed, finding sufficient evidence to support a jury verdict for the plaintiff.
The court held that the evidence was sufficient to establish a prima facie case for the plaintiff. The plaintiff proved the bailment, loss of the chattel while in the bailee's possession, and the bailee's receipt and clearing of the goods through customs, shifting the burden to the bailee to show it exercised ordinary care. A receipt is not conclusive proof and does not prevent parol evidence of the actual condition of delivered goods.
[1] In a bailment for mutual benefit, the bailee is held to the standard of ordinary care and is liable for ordinary negligence in the absence of a contrary agreement.
[2] A bailor makes a prima facie case by proving the bailment and the loss of the chattel while in the bailee's possession, shifting the burden to the bailee to demonstrate o…
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The instant bailment was a bailment for the mutual benefit of both bailor and bailee. In the absence of an agreement to the contrary, the bailee is held to the standard of ordinary care and is liable for ordinary negligence.”
Establishes the legal standard applicable to mutual benefit bailments and the bailee's duty of care.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceInternational Gem Stones shipped gems via carrier to Miami International Airport, where Harper-Robinson, acting as its agent, received the shipment an…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Bailment For Mutual Benefit cases and more on FLexlaw
PEARSON, Judge.
The appellant was the plaintiff in the trial court in an action brought to recover damages for goods allegedly lost by the defendant-bailee. The trial court directed a verdict for the defendant at the close of all the evidence. Final judgment was entered thereon and this appeal followed. The single question presented on appeal is whether the evidence, with all reasonable inferences therefrom, would have been sufficient to support a verdict for the plaintiff at the hands of the jury. Katz v. Bear, Fla. 1951, 52 So. 2d 903; Bourgeois v. Dade County, Fla.1957, 99 So. 2d 575, 72 A.L.R. 2d 391; Burkett v. Belk-Lindsey Co., Fla. App.1962, 137 So. 2d 266.
The appellant as plaintiff proceeded on the theory approved by this court in ITT Consumer Services Corp. v. Travelers Indemnity Company, Fla.App. 1971, 256 So. 2d 74, where the court held:
“The instant bailment was a bailment for the mutual benefit of both bailor and bailee. In the absence of an agreement to the contrary, the bailee is held to the standard of ordinary care and is liable for ordinary negligence.
“The plaintiff proved the bailment and loss of the chattel while in possession of the bailee. In so doing the subrogee of the bailor made a prima facie case as to the bailment. The duty then devolved upon the bailee to go forward with the evidence and show that it exercised ordinary care. Harbor One, Inc. v. Preston, Fla.App.1965, 172 So. 2d 478; Porter v. Izlar Motor Co., 134 Fla. 798, 184 So. 329.”
Although the appellee concedes the nature of the action and the law as set forth in the cited cases, he urges, however, that the evidence did not support a verdict for the plaintiff because it failed to establish that the loss occurred while the property was in the bailee’s possession. It is our view of the record, in the light most favorable to the party moved against, that it was sufficient to show (1) that the appel-lee was the agent of the appellant for the purpose of receiving a shipment of gems from a carrier at the Miami International Airport, (2) that the shipment was received by the appellee and cleared customs where it was appraised at full invoice value, (3) that the goods were transported to appellant’s place of business where a receipt was given for the packages, (4) that the appellant testified that within a very short interval after receiving the packages he discovered that one of them had been opened and part of the contents removed. Appellant further testified that he immediately notified appellee of this fact.
The appellee asserts that the appellant estopped himself from claiming that he did not receive all the goods because he gave a receipt for the packages when they were delivered to him. Though the receipt is evidence of this fact, it is not conclusive proof. The general rule excluding parol evidence to vary a written instrument does not apply to a receipt. Schmitt v. Bethea, 78 Fla. 304, 82 So. 817 (1919).
It is appellee’s position that the above facts do not preclude the possibility of (a) the loss of part of the contents prior to receipt from the carrier or (b) the removal of part of the contents after delivery to the appellant. It is clear that either of these facts, if found by the jury, would be a good and .sufficient defense. The delivery by the carrier and acceptance by the bailee together • with the certification by customs are sufficient proof of delivery. The redelivery is controverted by the testimony of the appellant. Therefore, we hold that the record contains sufficient evidence which, if believed by the jury, would support a verdict for the plaintiff. The final judgment is reversed and the cause remanded for a new trial.
Reversed and remanded.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
-
A & D Int'l, Inc. v. United States & M & H Brokerage, Inc., 665 F.2d 669 (5th Cir. 1982)…t it exercised ordinary care. In deciding a Federal Tort Claims Act case, the federal courts rely upon the law of the state in which the tort occurred, here Florida. The appellant relies upon International Gem Stones, Inc. v. Harper-Robinson & Co., 299 So. 2d 160 (Fla. 3rd D.C.A. 1974), which opinion contains the following quotation from a preceding Florida case: The instant bailment was a bailment for the mutual benefit of both bailor and bailee. In the absence of an agreement to the contrary, the bailee i…
Authorities Cited
- August Schmitt v. Bethea, 78 Fla. 304 (Fla. 1919)
- Bourgeois v. Dade Cnty., 99 So. 2d 575 (Fla. 1956)
- Katz v. Bear, 52 So. 2d 903 (Fla. 1951)
- Porter v. Izlar Motor Co., Inc., 134 Fla. 798 (Fla. 1938)
- ITT Consumer Servs. Corp. v. Travelers Indem. Co., 256 So. 2d 74 (Fla. 3d DCA 1971)
- Harbor ONE, Inc. v. Preston, 172 So. 2d 478 (Fla. 3d DCA 1965)
- Burkett v. Belk-Lindsey Co. of Orlando, 137 So. 2d 266 (Fla. 2d DCA 1962)