DECKS, INC., APPELLANT,
v.
LOUIS NUNEZ, JR., AND ALICE NUNEZ, HIS WIFE, APPELLEES

Fla. 2d DCA | 1974-07-24
No. 73-941
HOBSON, A. C. J., and GRIMES, J., concur., HOBSON, A. C. J., and GRIMES, J., concur.
299 So. 2d 165 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1974) Positive Treatment
Cited by 26 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

In this automobile accident damages case, the defendant appealed from an adverse jury verdict, arguing that the plaintiff's attorney committed reversible error by suggesting that attorney fees would be deducted from a damage award. The appellate court held the error was harmless because the trial judge properly instructed the jury on compensable damages and the evidence supported the substantial verdict.


Holding

The improper reference to attorney fees constituted error, but the error was harmless and did not warrant reversal. The trial judge's proper jury instructions on compensable damages, combined with the substantial evidence supporting the verdict, negated any prejudicial effect from counsel's improper remark.


Headnotes

[1] Attorney fees are not a compensable item of damages in an action for damages resulting from an automobile accident.

[2] Improper remarks made during closing arguments will not result in mistrial, reversal, or new trial unless they are highly prejudicial or inflammatory.

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Key Quotes

“Clearly, attorney fees are not a compensable item of damages in cases like the one sub judice.”

Establishes the foundational legal principle that attorney fees cannot be recovered as damages in personal injury tort cases

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Facts & Procedural History

Plaintiff (Nunez) was severely and permanently injured in an automobile accident caused by defendant (Decks, Inc.). At trial, the evidence established…

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Opinion of the Court
BOARDMAN, Judge.

BOARDMAN, Judge.

Appellant/defendant timely appealed from an adverse jury verdict returned in an action for damages resulting from an automobile accident. The focal point of this appeal is whether the attorney for appellee/plaintiff committed reversible error in his final closing argument to the jury. The complained of remark and reference is:

Now, if he wants to take the $100,000— he [Defendants’ counsel] says, “He will still have the $100,000.” Well, first of all, he [Plaintiff] has to pay some bills. He has been paying his mother $20. He has to pay $15,000 in medical bills in the future, and we are not here representing him for nothing. (Emphasis supplied.)

This constitutes error and is not permissible. We cannot agree with the appellee’s contention that the statement was justified on the basis of the following statement made by attorney for appellee during his closing argument:

Consider this. Consider that $100,000 in the bank right now. Mr. Vaughan [Plaintiffs’ counsel] said, I think, the interest on the mortgage is 10%. Some banks are giving you certificates of deposit of 8 and 9 and and up to 10 in some banks. A 10% or 9% or 8% certificate of deposit on $100,000 is $8,000 a year without spending a dime of the $100,000. After 40 years or after 50 years or after 60 years that $100,000 will still be there. It has not put a dent in it yet and you know what else? If the interest rate goes up, that $100,000 is going to be producing more than $8,000 a year, and your $100,000 will still be there.

Clearly, attorney fees are not a compensable item of damages in cases like the one sub judice. Attorney for appellant objected to the statement under attack after closing arguments and requested an instruction on non-collectibility of attorney fees. The request was denied. What we must decide, as indeed we must in every case where objections are made to statements, comments or remarks of attorneys in their closing arguments to a jury, is whether the improper remarks constitute reversible or harmless error. Based upon our review of the record, including the closing arguments and instructions given to the jury by the trial judge, and applicable law, we conclude the error to be harmless. See F.S. § 59.041. We can eliminate from our discussion here, the question of liability and damages. The personal injuries sustained by appellee as a result of the accident were severe and permanent, the amount of the damages awarded substantial.

The evidence submitted at trial is of sufficient competency to justify the verdict of the jury. The trial judge properly and correctly instructed the jury on the compensable items of damages recoverable in an action of this nature and upon the applicable law. The trial judge also instructed the jury that it must base its verdict solely on the evidence heard from the witness stand and that argument of counsel is not to be considered as evidence. We can find no justifiable grounds to impugn the jury verdict or to conclude that the jury did not base its verdict on the evidence adduced at trial. The law is well settled that unless closing argument is highly prejudicial, inflammatory improper statements will not result in mistrial, reversal or new trial. Dixie-Bell Oil Company, Inc. v. Gold, Fla. App.3d, 1973, 275 So. 2d 19, and the cases cited therein: Americana of Bal Harbour, Inc. v. Kiester, Fla.App.3d, 1971, 245 So. 2d 121, cert. den. Fla., 247 So. 2d 439.

We have considered the other points raised by appellant and find them to be without merit. Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is hereby affirmed.

HOBSON, A. C. J., and GRIMES, J., concur.

Other
BOARDMAN, Judge.

BOARDMAN, Judge.

Appellant’s counsel, in his petition for rehearing, cites therein the case of Seaboard Air Line R. Co. v. Ford, Fla. 1957, 92 So. 2d 160, as authority for the proposition that our original opinion was in error. We have read the cited case and find it clearly inapplicable here. In the Seaboard case, supra, there was not one scintilla of evidence that Ford’s injury was permanent in nature. Notwithstanding, the trial court allowed the mortality tables to be introduced in evidence in the plaintiff’s case; and, further, the trial judge charged the jury that the mortality tables could be considered in arriving at plaintiff’s damages for impairment of his earning capacity.

In the case sub judice, the trial court, as we stated in our original opinion, instructed the jury on the proper elements of damages to be considered by them in arriving at their verdict.

After considering the allegations contained in appellant’s petition for rehearing and in the light of the totality of the circumstances presented by the record before us, we adhere to our original opinion. Accordingly, the petition for rehearing is denied. The alternative suggestion for certification of question of great public interest to the Supreme Court of Florida is also denied.

Denied.

HOBSON, A. C. J., and GRIMES, J., concur.


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Citator

Cited By (13 total)

  • B.G. Wasden v. Seaboard Coast Line R.R. Co., 474 So. 2d 825 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985)
    …the jury on at least one other occasion that the arguments of counsel were not evidence. “Thus, if the remarks be deemed improper, the error of them is hardly fundamental.” Honda Motor Co. v. Marcus 440 So. 2d at 377. See also Decks, Inc. v. Nunez, 299 So. 2d 165 (Fla. 2d DCA 1974); cert. denied, 308 So. 2d 112 (Fla.1975). The judge also referred specifically to plaintiffs attorney’s comment on the amount of the jury verdict: “I can’t tell you and I won’t tell you what others have done, but I will tell you…
  • Honda Motor Co., Ltd. v. Marcus, 440 So. 2d 373 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983)
    …mages it could take into account and with the additional cautionary instruction that argument of counsel is not to be considered as evidence. Thus, if the remarks be deemed improper, the error of them is hardly fundamental. See Decks, Inc. v. Nunez, 299 So. 2d 165 (Fla. 2d DCA 1974). Second, unlike Marks v. Delcastillo, 386 So. 2d 1259 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980), in which this court found fundamental error where the jury specifically awarded damages which were not authorized by law under an unobjected-to instruction,…
  • Riggins v. Mariner Boat Works, Inc., 545 So. 2d 430 (Fla. 2d DCA 1989)
    …v. Bacskai, 103 So. 2d 241 (Fla. 3d DCA 1958). The law is equally well settled, however, that an improper closing argument will not result in a new trial unless the statements are highly prejudicial, inflammatory, and improper. Decks, Inc. v. Nunez, 299 So. 2d 165 (Fla. 2d DCA 1974), cert. denied, 308 So. 2d 112 (Fla.1975). See also Gregory v. Seaboard System R.R., 484 So. 2d 35 (Fla. 2d DCA), review denied, 492 So. 2d 1334 (Fla.1986); Albertson’s, Inc. v. Brady, 475 So. 2d 986 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985), review deni…

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