CENTRAL PLAZA BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, A FLORIDA BANKING CORPORATION, APPELLANT,
v.
L. E. PARKER, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1974-09-30
No. 72-1042
MANN, C. J., and HOBSON, J., concur., SCHWARTZ, ALAN R., Associate Judge, specially concurs.
300 So. 2d 735 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1974) Caution
Cited by 5 cases

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Synopsis

Central Plaza Bank negligently failed to garnish all of L.E. Parker's bank accounts after receiving a garnishment writ to satisfy a judgment. The bank paid out $2,088.24 of its own money to compensate the judgment creditor and sued Parker for recovery, but the trial court ruled for Parker, finding the bank's negligence made it impossible to restore the parties to their original financial position.


Holding

The court affirmed judgment for Parker, holding that although the bank acted negligently, it cannot recover the funds paid out because the trial judge's finding that restoration to the status quo is impossible is supported by sufficient evidence. Parker cannot be said to have been unjustly enriched or to have suffered recoverable damages beyond the benefits he received when the bank satisfied the judgment.


Headnotes

[1] A bank is negligent if it fails to garnish all of a judgment debtor's accounts when serving a writ of garnishment.

[2] A bank's negligence in failing to properly garnish accounts does not preclude it from seeking recovery from the judgment debtor for funds paid to satisfy the judgment.

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Key Quotes

“the bank was negligent in not properly garnisheeing all of appel-lee's accounts and in not notifying the appellee of the garnishment until nearly a month later”

Establishes the court's finding of negligence by the bank in executing the garnishment

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Facts & Procedural History

Central Plaza Bank was served with a garnishment writ to satisfy a judgment in favor of Charles Sales Corporation against L.E. Parker. The bank placed…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Appellant, Central Plaza Bank and Trust Company, was served with a writ of garnishment directing the bank to satisfy a judgment in favor of Charles Sales Corporation against L.

E. Parker. The bank immediately placed a “hold” on the regular checking account and savings account of L.

E. Parker in the joint names of L.

E. Parker or Susan Ann Parker. There were, however, two other Parker accounts in the bank, specifically, one in the name of “Parker & Sons,” and another called “Parker & Sons Payroll Account.” These latter accounts did not have a “hold” placed on them. Not having been notified that two of the accounts had been garnished, the appellee deposited several thousand dollars into the accounts and wrote checks, many of which were dishonored. Appellee also borrowed $1,500 from the bank without knowledge of garnishment proceedings and deposited these funds into the accounts. Appellee ass.erts that suppliers and customers were lost and that much of his labor force left due to the dishonoring of their payroll checks. Having improperly failed to garnish all of the accounts, the bank was forced to pay $2,088.24 of its own money to compensate the garnishor. The bank then brought suit against L.

E. Parker to recover the funds that it had paid out for Parker’s benefit. The trial judge entered an order in favor of appel-lee, L.

E. Parker, finding that the bank “acted not only mistakenly but negligently in allowing deposits and withdrawals in the accounts of the defendant subsequent to the service of the writ of garnishment, and this action makes the return of the parties to their legal and financial position before the transactions impossible.”

We believe the bank was negligent in not properly garnisheeing all of appel-lee’s accounts and in not notifying the appellee of the garnishment until nearly a month later. Furthermore, the bank cannot rely upon any alleged fear of liability for improperly garnisheeing the wrong accounts since Florida Statutes, § 77.06(3) protects the bank from any such liability.

Even though the bank was dilatory or negligent in garnisheeing the accounts, we would still be inclined to accept the argument of unjust enrichment on the appel-lee’s part if both parties could be returned to the status quo by a simple return of the money which the bank is out-of-pocket. See Automotive Tire Service, Inc. v.

First National Bank of Arizona, Phoenix, 102 Ariz. 512, 433 P. 2d 804 (1967).

Nevertheless, we must accept the trial judge’s finding that this is not presently possible since there is sufficient evidence in the record to support such a finding. Such being the case, it cannot truly be said that the appel-lee here was "enriched unjustly or otherwise, nor can it be said appellee suffered recoverable damages in excess of the benefits he received when the bank satisfied the judgment.

Affirmed.

MANN, C. J., and HOBSON, J., concur. SCHWARTZ, ALAN R., Associate Judge, specially concurs.

Concurrence
SCHWARTZ, ALAN R., Associate Judge

SCHWARTZ, ALAN R., Associate Judge

(specially concurring).

I concur in the judgment and the opinion of the court, but desire to add an additional observation or two.

The essential basis of the bank’s claim as to the defendant’s “unjust enrichment” is the claim that by mistakenly discharging in part Parker’s debt to the judgment-creditor-garnishor, it has automatically pro tan-to “enriched” him. This contention is made even though the bank did not inform Parker concerning the garnishment, and permitted him unknowingly to deposit funds, even some borrowed from the bank itself, into those accounts, and thus effected — through the garnishment — Parker’s paying the judgment creditor rather than those whom, by writing checks, he demonstrated his desire to pay, presumably in order to maintain his business.

While the bank’s position has some purely logical force, it seems to me that, under these circumstances, it runs afoul of what we know is a rule of present-day life and therefore should be a rule of present-day law; that is, that faced with a multitude of competing debts, one should have the freedom, to the extent legally possible, himself to determine the priority of their payment. By interfering with that freedom, the bank brought itself within the spirit, if not the precise application, of the rule stated in Restatement, Restitution, § 140:

“A person may be prevented from obtaining restitution for a benefit because of his criminal or other wrongful conduct in connection with the transaction on which the claim is based.” [emphasis supplied]

Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Dixie Nat'l Bank v. Chase, 485 So. 2d 1353 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986)
    …bank the right to recover from the defendant debtor the monies the bank was required to pay to the garnishor creditor for omitting an account in the bank’s answer and in failing to garnish the said account. Central Plaza Bank & Trust Co. v. Parker, 300 So. 2d 735 (Fla. 2d DCA 1974). Ill Turning to the instant case, we have no trouble in concluding under the above-stated law that the trial court was entirely correct in entering judgment for the gar-nishor creditor Chase in the amount of $13,870.61. This sum…
  • …ctly held that a bank which does not properly garnish or “hold” all of a depositor’s business accounts is negligent and is liable to the plaintiff for the damages it sustains as a result of that negligence. Central Plaza and Trust Company v. Parker, 300 So. 2d 735 (Fla. 2d DCA 1974). AFFIRMED. BOOTH and NIMMONS, JJ., concur.…
  • Clauson v. State, 273 So. 3d 1124 (Fla. 3d DCA 2019)
    …ctly held that a bank which does not properly garnish or “hold” all of a depositor’s business accounts is negligent and is liable to the plaintiff for the damages it sustains as a result of that negligence. Central Plaza and Trust Company v. Parker, 300 So.2d 735 (Fla. 2d DCA 1974). AFFIRMED. BOOTH and NIMMONS, JJ., concur.…

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