L. E. HAMILTON, JR., APPELLANT,
v.
RICHARD W. HANKS AND HAMILTON REALTY, APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 1975-03-07
No. 74-899
CROSS and DOWNEY, JJ., concur.
309 So. 2d 229 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1975) Caution
Cited by 8 cases

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Synopsis

Hamilton appeals the trial court's denial of his motion to dissolve a writ of garnishment in a breach of contract action. The appellate court dismisses the appeal as untimely and holds that an order denying a motion to dissolve garnishment is an interlocutory order not subject to immediate appeal in civil actions.


Holding

An order denying a motion to dissolve a writ of garnishment is an interlocutory order, not a final order, and therefore is not subject to immediate interlocutory appeal in civil actions unless it falls within the specific categories listed in Rule 4.2, F.A.R. Additionally, Hamilton's appeal is untimely because a motion to rehear does not toll the time for filing an interlocutory appeal.


Headnotes

[1] An order denying a motion to dissolve a writ of garnishment is an interlocutory order, not a final order.

[2] A motion for rehearing of an order denying a motion to dissolve a writ of garnishment does not toll the time for filing an interlocutory appeal.

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Key Quotes

“An order denying a motion to dissolve cannot be deemed to be of such a final character as to "effectually and conclusively" destroy any right of the movant that might not otherwise be reviewable in an appeal from the judgment of the main cause.”

Establishes that orders denying dissolution of garnishment are interlocutory, not final orders

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Facts & Procedural History

Hamilton was the defendant in a civil action brought by Hanks and Hamilton Realty seeking payment for services rendered. A writ of garnishment was iss…

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Opinion of the Court
MAGER, Judge.

MAGER, Judge.

An interlocutory appeal was filed by L. E. Hamilton, Jr., appellant-defendant, from orders denying his Motion to Dissolve Writ of Garnishment and Motion for Rehearing. The order denying the motion to dissolve was rendered on May 3, 1974; the order on rehearing was rendered on June 5, 1974; and the notice of appeal was filed on July J, 1974, some 61 days after the order denying dissolution.1

From an examination of the order under review and consideration of the briefs and applicable authorities we are of the opinion that the instant appeal is untimely and should be dismissed. An order denying a motion to dissolve writ of garnishment is an interlocutory order (rather than a final order). Therefore, a motion to rehear the order denying the motion to dissolve did not operate to toll the time within which to file an interlocutory appeal. Wagner v. Bieley, Wagner and Associates, Inc., Fla. 1972, 263 So. 2d 1.

In Pleasant Valley Farms & Morey Condensery Co. v. Carl, 90 Fla. 420, 106 So. 427 (1925), the Supreme Court discussed garnishment proceedings and commented upon the nature of an order dissolving a writ of garnishment before judgment. The court concluded that an order dissolving a writ of garnishment is such a final order as to be subject to a plenary appeal. The court reasoned that the order dissolving the garnishment was conclusive as to its object and that a plaintiff could not be restored to whatever rights he may have had under the garnishment if the order dissolving it would have to await reviewal of the judgment in the main cause.

A material distinction needs to be drawn between an order dissolving garnishment, as in the Pleasant Valley case, and the order denying a motion to dissolve such writ as in the instant case. An order denying a motion to dissolve cannot be deemed to be of such a final character as to “effectually and conclusively” destroy any right of the movant that might not otherwise be reviewable in an appeal from the judgment of the main cause. The purpose of a garnishment proceeding is to sub-rogate the plaintiff to the defendant’s right against the garnishee; the plaintiff obtains by the garnishment the right to have the debt owed by the garnishee to the defendant paid by the garnishee upon the plaintiffs judgment against the defendant.

Obviously, if no judgment is entered against the defendant in the main cause, the propriety of the court’s prior order denying a defendant’s motion to dissolve becomes moot. On the other hand, if a judgment is entered against a defendant, a plenary appeal from the final judgment would bring up for review the propriety of the order denying a motion to dismiss a writ of garnishment (if properly assigned as error).

Concluding as we do that an order denying a motion to dissolve a writ of garnishment is an interlocutory order we would make one additional observation quite apart from the issue of timeliness. Unless an interlocutory order falls within the category of orders set forth in Rule 4.-2, F.A.R, an appellate court would not be permitted to entertain an interlocutory appeal in an action at law (except by common law certiorari). See Girten v. Bouvier, Fla.App.1963, 155 So. 2d 745; see also Mapoles v. Wilson, Fla.App.1960, 122 So. 2d 249; cf. Moylan v. Estes, Fla.App.1959, 110 So. 2d 48; Renard v. Krikeby Hotels, Fla.App.1958, 99 So. 2d 719. The briefs reflect that the main action was a civil action seeking to collect payment for services rendered. Garnishment, while ancillary to the main cause of action, is generally regarded as a legal rather than an equitable proceeding. 3 Fla.Jur, Attachments and Garnishments, sec. 3. A review of Rule 4.-2 reflects that an order denying a motion to dissolve a writ of garnishment is not listed as one of the categorized orders subject to an interlocutory appeal.

Accordingly, for the foregoing reasons the interlocutory appeal is dismissed without prejudice to the defendant seeking further review of the order in an appeal from an adverse final judgment entered in the main cause.

CROSS and DOWNEY, JJ., concur. . At the court’s request, additional briefs were submitted by the parties directed to the nature of the order under review, i. e. interlocutory or final, and the issue of timeliness.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Polley v. Polley, 588 So. 2d 638 (Fla. 3d DCA 1991)
    …he husband’s attorney’s fees renders the petition moot. See Camodeca v. Camodeca, 470 So. 2d 863 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985); National Car Rental Sys., Inc. v. Bruce A. Ryals Enter., Inc., 380 So. 2d 529, 531 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980); see also, Hamilton v. Hanks, 309 So. 2d 229, 230 (Fla. 4th DCA 1975). In summary, we reverse the portions of the judgment that relieve the husband of child-support obligations and those that award him: 1) rehabilitative alimony, 2) the wife’s interest in the marital home, 3) the watch and ch…
  • …estion concerning who had a superior right. Our disposition of the directed verdict issue in favor of McNorton renders the issue of the propriety of the circuit court’s prior order denying McNorton’s motion to dissolve moot. Cf., Hamilton v. Hanks, 309 So. 2d 229 (Fla. 4th DCA 1975). We note, however, that the post-judgment portion of Florida’s garnishment statute2 has been held constitutional. United Presidential Life Ins. Co. v. King, supra. Accordingly, the final judgment dissolving the writ of garnishme…
  • 5361 N. Dixie Hwy., Inc. v. Cap. Bank, 658 So. 2d 1037 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995)
    …8] 1060, 1063 (Fla.1987); Transportes Aereos Mercantiles Panamericanos, S.A. v. Banco Cafetero, 451 So. 2d 932 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984) (appeal of denial of motion to dissolve writs of attachment and garnishment). We recognize that in Hamilton v. Hanks, 309 So. 2d 229 (Fla. 4th DCA 1975) this court held that a similar order was not an appeal-able non-final order. However, Hamilton is not controlling because it was decided under former Florida Rule of Appellate Procedure 4.2 which did not include a provision for r…

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