CALDER RACE COURSE, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, PETITIONER,
v.
BOARD OF BUSINESS REGULATION, ETC., ET AL., RESPONDENTS

Fla. 1st DCA | 1975-08-19
No. Z-201
RAWLS, Acting C. J., and McCORD, J., concur.
319 So. 2d 67 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1975) Caution
Cited by 6 cases

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Holding

The Board of Business Regulation had the power to grant additional matinee races as an emergency measure to protect public welfare and state revenue, even if it deviated from established policy.


Headnotes

[1] An administrative agency may take emergency action to protect the public interest when there is an immediate danger to the public welfare, independent of standard rulemak…

[2] A finding of immediate danger to the public welfare, justifying emergency administrative action, can be supported by substantial competent evidence, including prior judic…

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Facts & Procedural History

Calder Race Course petitioned for review of an order granting West Flagler Associates permission to conduct additional matinee races. This was to reco…

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Opinion of the Court
SMITH, Judge.

SMITH, Judge.

Calder Race Course, Inc., holder of a State license to conduct parimutuel thoroughbred racing in Dade County, petitions for review of an order entered by the Board of Business Regulation on July 25, 1975, granting the application by West Flagler Associates, Ltd., a parimutuel greyhound racetrack operator, for permission to conduct additional matinee races between now and the season end on September 4. The additional matinee dates were granted in order to partially recoup the tax revenue lost as a result of Flagler’s cancellation earlier this summer of 26 performances due to a dispute with greyhound owners. Calder contends that the Board acted improperly by failing to observe the notice, hearing and other procedural requirements of § 120.54, F.S. 1973 (1974 Sup.), pertaining to rulemaking, and in finding that there is “an immediate danger to the public . . . welfare” requiring emergency action necessary to protect the public interest. Sec. 120.54(8) (a), F.S. 1973 (1974 Sup.).

The Supreme Court last month held that the dispute between Flagler and the greyhound owners inflicted grave injury on the interests not only of Flagler but also of the State. Wilson v. Sandstrom, and Florida Greyhound Owners & Breeders Ass’n., Inc. v. West Flagler Assoc., Ltd., 317 So. 2d 732 (Fla., 1975):

“. . . the State of Florida, through the loss of an estimated $64,000 a day in revenue, is irreparably harmed in that there is no other source to offset this loss of revenue. Furthermore, the State is losing the confidence of the public in its ability to properly regulate the gambling activities in parimutuel wagering . . . .”

“Furthermore, the State of Florida has granted to Flagler specific dates for racing — July 3rd to September 4th. Once these racing dates are lost, they may be lost forever, as another track is scheduled to open on the day Flagler is scheduled to close . . . .”

“In an effort to renegotiate an existing contract by ignoring an injunctive order of the judiciary, the kennel owners have gravely affected the public interest, the revenue of the State of Florida and the revenue of individual counties . . . .”

The effect of the Board’s order is to permit Flagler to conduct matinee races on nine days of its remaining season in addition to the 50 matinees which it was previously granted. These additional matinees will be conducted simultaneously with Calder’s previously authorized thoroughbred racing, and on those nine days the two licensees will compete for the pari-mu-tuel dollar. Calder, finding that its revenues and tax remittances increased substantially during the 26-day period in which Flagler was unable to operate, anticipates revenue losses on the days of additional greyhound matinees.

The Board of Business Regulation, having authority to approve the dates for racing at horse and dog tracks [§ 550.01, F.S. 1973], has adopted a policy of limiting greyhound matinees to 50 days, so to limit the occasions for competition between greyhound matinees and thoroughbred roving. We need not decide whether the Board’s statement of that policy is a rule within the meaning and application of the Administrative Procedure Act, Sec. 120.-52(13), F.S. 1973 (1974 Sup.), and, if so, whether the July 25 order varying that policy was itself a rule. For whether the Board’s action on July 25 was the promulgation of a rule or the mere issuance of an order not having effect as a rule [§ 120.-52(8), F.S. 1973 (1974 Sup.)], the Board had power to act independently of § 120.54, F.S. 1973 (1974 Sup.), to meet an immediate danger to the public welfare requiring emergency action to protect the public interest. Secs. 120.54(8)(a), 120.59(3), F.S. 1973 (1974 Sup.).

In this case, after deliberations in which Calder was heard, the Board found that the public welfare is immediately in danger by the prospect of losing, between now and September 4, all opportunity the State has to mitigate its loss of tax revenue resulting from the greyhound owner dispute earlier this season. In the light of the Supreme Court’s decision in that case, the Board’s finding that carefully circumscribed emergency action is necessary to avert injury to the public welfare is supported by substantial competent evidence. The Board did not abuse its discretion or otherwise err in granting Flagler relief.

The petition is denied. Due to the exigencies of time, the period within which a petition for rehearing may be filed is shortened to five days.

RAWLS, Acting C. J., and McCORD, J., concur.


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Cited By

  • Witmer v. Dep't of Bus. & Prof'l Reg., 631 So. 2d 338 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994)
    …rm alleged in the eomplaint/order is a “potential compromise to state revenue.” While loss of state revenue was found to be a sufficient reason for emergency action in Little, 557 So. 2d at 160 and Calder Race Course v. Board of Business Regulation, 319 So. 2d 67, 68 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975), those cases involved immediate, concrete economic threats, rather than mere speculation. In Calder the complaint alleged a direct and immediate loss of state [*343] tax revenue. In Little the agency demonstrated that a budge…
  • Nola Little v. Coler, 557 So. 2d 157 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990)
    …record. HRS’s emergency rule promulgation in this case complied with applicable legal requirements and the potential compromise to state revenue constitutes adequate cause for emergency rule. See Calder Race Course v. Board of Business Regulation, 319 So. 2d 67 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975). Petition denied. WENTWORTH and WIGGINTON, JJ., concur. . In the 1989-90 Appropriations Act and Summary Statement of Intent, page 288, item 5.A., the entry under program reductions to HRS states: "modify aid to families with d…
  • Krajenta v. Division OF Workers' Compensation, 376 So. 2d 1200 (Fla. 2d DCA 1979)
    …Section 120.54(9). Times Publishing Co. v. Florida Department of Corrections, supra; Let’s Help Florida v. Smathers, 360 So. 2d 496 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978); Postal Colony Co., Inc. v. Askew, supra. Cf. Calder Race Course v. Board of Business Regulation, 319 So. 2d 67 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975). An agency may adopt an emergency rule if (1) it finds that an immediate danger to the public health, safety or welfare exists, and (2) it files with the Department of State, at the time of its action, a statement meeting the re…

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