A. D. JANSIK, GRACIA HALL JANSIK, JOINED BY HER NEXT FRIEND AND HUSBAND, A. D. JANSIK, AND GRACIA HALL JANSIK, AS A FREE DEALER,
v.
STUDSTILL & HOLLENBECK, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, AND EDMUND L. GOODMAN
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The Florida Supreme Court reversed an equitable attachment decree against real estate, holding that where a broker's commission claim is fully earned and not contingent, and the debtor has other property within the state, equity jurisdiction is not proper and the case must be transferred to the law side of the court.
A court of equity lacks jurisdiction to adjudicate a fully earned commission claim through equitable attachment where the claim is not contingent and adequate remedies at law exist. Equitable jurisdiction must be both alleged and proven, and attachment is merely an ancillary proceeding dependent on an independent equitable cause of action.
“To justify retention of a cause in equity the equitable jurisdiction alleged must likewise be proven.”
Establishes the fundamental principle that equitable jurisdiction must be both alleged and proven, not merely alleged.
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A bill in equity was filed to have declared an equitable attachment against certain real estate. The bill alleges that the land sought to be attached was listed for sale by the appellant owner with appellee, a real estate broker. Appellee broker procured a prospective buyer, who, later, for the purpose of evading payment of the broker’s commission, fraudulently conspired with the owner to enter into an agreement of sale; that the title is yet in the seller. The seller and buyer are both made parties defendant and are both alleged to be nonresidents of Florida. All defendants answered denying the allegation of nonresidence and alleging residence in Florida and service of process in this case in Florida. The answers also denied the fraudulent conspiracy. Testimony was taken and a final decree entered adjudicating that the seller owed the commission and unless paid the property would be sold to satisfy same. The decree found that'one (but did not say which one) of the defendants was a nonresident.
This case might be disposed of by passing on the sufficiency of the bill. In brief the appellee relies on the allegation of non-residence and fraud to bring his case within Moss v. Sperry, 140 Fla. 301, 191 So. 531.
This case was prosecuted and decided under the authority of Moss v. Sperry, supra. It appears from a re-examination of the latter case that this Court passed upon the sufficiency of the bill only. And too, the bill was upheld not merely because of the allegation of fraud or the nonresidence of defendants but inasmuch as the claim was contingent attachment at law would not lie. And too, the debtor had no other property within the state. The latter allegation is not present in the case at bar. It also appears that the alleged claim was fully earned and its payment was not contingent as was the case in Moss v. Sperry. In other words the remedy at law was adequate.
The decree before us for approval being based on the evidence we also consider another equally important proposition of law. To justify retention of a cause in equity the equitable jurisdiction alleged must likewise be proven. See *872The Amphitrite Corp., et al., v. City of Fort Lauderdale, 147 Fla. 497, 3 So. (2nd) 150; Gentry-Futch Co. v. Gentry, 90 Fla. 595, 106 So. 473. The reason for this is readily apparent. A plaintiff could often allege himself into a court :of equity and thereby deprive his adversary of a jury trial on the law side of the court which right is guaranteed by the Constitution and should not be frittered away. See- Section 3, Declaration of Rights, Florida Constitution. This case, as well as Moss v. Sperry, supra, strikingly illustrates the necessity of allegations and proof of some cause in equity aside from a claim simply for an equitable attachment for attachment has always been recognized as an ancillary proceeding and is dependent entirely on the maintenance of an independent action of suit. 2 Am. Jur. pg. 555. The writer of the opinion in Moss v. Sperry, supra, recognized the limitation of a court of equity in cases of. this character by calling attention to a prior decision of this Court holding that equity had no jurisdiction to adjudicate a claim for personal services. King v. Wells, et al., 100 Fla. 588, 130 So. 38. The case here is different in that the claim as alleged is not contingent. It follows that the decree is reversed with direction to the lower court to enter an order transferring the cause to law side of the court and for further proceedings in accordance with law.
Reversed with directions.
BUFORD, C. J., TERRELL, BROWN, CHAPMAN, THOMAS and SEBRING, JJ., concur.
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Ganaway v. Henderson, 103 So. 2d 693 (Fla. 1st DCA 1958)…izable in a court of equity, but finally and essentially upon the existence of facts establishing at lease one premise upon which such relief is grantable. Gentry-Futch Co. v. Gentry, 90 Fla. 595, 106 So. 473; Jansik v. Studstill & Hollenbeck, Inc., 153 Fla. 870, 16 So. 2d 165; Amphitrite Corp. v. City of Ft. Lauderdale, 147 Fla. 497, 3 So. 2d 150. [*699] There is nothing in the decree, the briefs before this court, or the decision of the majority remotely suggesting that the facts ■upon which the money jud…
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Cuba Aeropostal Agency, Inc. v. Kane, 145 So. 2d 764 (Fla. 3d DCA 1962)…heless, the attachment proceeding is recognized as being entirely dependent on the maintenance of an independent action or suit and has no existence apart from the claim of the plaintiff against the defendant. Jansik v. Studstill & Hollenbeck, Inc., 153 Fla. 870, 16 So. 2d 165. In the instant case, the judge found, and his conclusion is amply substantiated by the record, that there was no basis for a money judgment against the defendant, Cuba Aeropostal Agency, Inc., a Florida corporation. The court had pre…
Authorities Cited
- Gentry-Futch Co. v. Gentry, 90 Fla. 595 (Fla. 1925)
- State v. City of Palmetto, 140 Fla. 252 (Fla. 1939)
- Moss v. Sperry, 140 Fla. 301 (Fla. 1939)
- King v. Ola Wells and her husband, 100 Fla. 588 (Fla. 1930)
- The Amphitrite Corp. v. City of Fort Lauderdale, 147 Fla. 497 (Fla. 1941)