DEANNA V. BYRD, APPELLANT,
v.
WILLIAM R. BYRD, III, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1975-12-31
No. 75-725
McNULTY, C. J., and BOARDMAN, J., concur.
324 So. 2d 659 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1975) Positive Treatment
Cited by 8 cases

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Holding

A trial judge abuses discretion by modifying a post-nuptial property settlement agreement absent evidence of unfairness, overreaching, or a change in circumstances, especially when the wife has partially performed and relies on the agreement.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court abuses its discretion by modifying a post-nuptial property settlement agreement untainted by fraud, duress, or overreaching, absent evidence of unfairness,…

[2] A post-nuptial property settlement agreement, freely and voluntarily entered into by parties with full knowledge of their financial circumstances, is generally binding an…

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Facts & Procedural History

The parties entered into a property settlement agreement, which the husband later sought to set aside as unconscionable. The trial court adopted the a…

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Opinion of the Court
SCHEB, Judge.

SCHEB, Judge.

The trial court entered a judgment of dissolution of marriage, adopting a property settlement agreement entered into by the parties but modifying the support provision to limit the wife’s alimony rights. Upon appeal by the wife, we reverse.

The appellant wife and appellee husband were married in 1961, and have three children, ages 11, 8 and 6. The husband, a college graduate, is executive vice president of a bank. His gross earnings are approximately $20,000 per year. The wife is age 33 and has a high school education. She holds part time jobs as a teacher’s aide and cashier, with a doubtful future as to one of these positions. Presently her gross earnings are approximately $90.00 per week. The parties separated in June 1974, and on July 6, 1974, entered into a property settlement agreement covering child custody, division and sale of property, and child support and alimony. The terms were discussed at the home of the husband’s parents and after the parties reached an accord, the husband’s father reduced their terms to writing. Albeit, no legal counsel was present, both the husband and his father are college trained and while the agreement may be'lacking in the artful language usually employed by attorneys, it, nevertheless, represents a comprehensive resolve of the legal aspects of their matrimonial relationship. Prior to the judgment of dissolution, the wife conveyed her interest in a parcel of jointly owned real estate and the proceeds were, in accordance with the agreement, largely used to pay off some marital debts.

On August 8, 1974, the husband petitioned for dissolution, seeking to incorporate the agreement into any forthcoming judgment; subsequently he amended his petition and requested the court to set it aside. That proceeding was dismissed and on November 18, 1974, the instant petition for dissolution was filed by the wife. She sought to enforce the agreement. At this stage, the husband sought to set it aside as being unconscionable, unfair and overreaching. Counsel for the parties stipulated that the agreement was not tainted by any fraud or duress. The evidence at trial did not support overreaching by the wife; nor was there a showing of unfairness. The husband testified he was well aware of his own financial circumstances when he entered the agreement and he offered no evidence of any subsequent change in his financial situation. The thrust of his claim was based upon being upset and not having counsel when he signed the agreement.'

The trial judge granted the dissolution and included in the judgment all of the terms of the agreement except the court decreed: “. . . the support provision contained therein [shall] be set aside.” In sum, the effect of the court’s ruling was to strike the wife’s entitlement to $700.00 per month alimony and support for herself and the three minor children and in lieu thereof, to require the husband to pay her $75.00 per week for three years as rehabilitative alimony with an additional $75.00 per week for child support.

This appeal focuses on the role of a trial judge in reviewing a post-nuptial property settlement agreement untainted by fraud, duress, or overreaching by either of the parties.

The appellant wife urges we align this court with the recent opinion in our sister court in Bailey v. Bailey, Fla.App.4th 1975, 300 So. 2d 294, citing the rationale of Posner v. Posner, Fla.1970, 233 So. 2d 381, concerning ante-nuptial agreements. There the Fourth District Court held that a post-nuptial property settlement agreement, not tainted by fraud or overreaching and fairly entered into after full disclosure, is valid and binding as to conditions existing at the time of the agreement. Such agreement, the court opined, is subject to modification by the trial court only upon a showing under Fla.Stat. § 61.14 of a change of circumstances subsequent to the execution of the agreement.

The appellee husband, on the other hand, cites us to Dawkins v. Dawkins, Fla.App.2d 1965, 172 So. 2d 633, wherein we held the trial judge did not abuse his discretion by rejecting that part of a property settlement agreement whereby a wife waived alimony, the court there having found that the rejected part of the agreement was unfair and overreaching.

We affirm the result reached in Dawkins, but hold that here the trial judge abused his discretion in refusing to incorporate the entire agreement of the parties into the judgment of dissolution. We need not and do not hold as our sister court, the Fourth District has in Bailey that it is necessary for the court to find fraud, overreaching, or a change in circumstances before the trial court may modify a post-nuptial property settlement agreement. Clearly, a trial judge is vested with discretion to determine the fairness of these agreements in light of the evidence of the needs and abilities of the respective spouses before incorporating the agreement into a final judgment. But, in the instant case the trial judge abused his discretion because:

(1) There was no evidence of unfairness or overreaching.

(2) There was sufficient evidence of the husband’s ability to comply with the terms of the agreement.

(3) There was abundant evidence of the wife’s needs for more than a rehabilitative type of alimony.

(4) The evidence shows the wife, in reliance on the total agreement, had performed in part by joining in sale of certain improved property to enable the husband to discharge certain marital debts.

Effectively the court here converted an agreement freely and voluntarily entered into by the parties whereby the wife was provided the security she requires to maintain a home life for their children into a vehicle which afforded her only a rehabilitative alimony for a three year period; and the record does not justify a conclusion that she will likely be in any better position three years from now.

Accordingly, the case is reversed and remanded to the trial court for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

McNULTY, C. J., and BOARDMAN, J., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Murphy v. Murphy, 370 So. 2d 403 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)
    …ability of the agreement. We return to an examination of whether the court erred in failing to find the agreement binding as to special equities. The appellant relies upon the reasoning in Pos-ner v. Posner, 233 So. 2d 381 (Fla.1970); Byrd v. Byrd, 324 So. 2d 659 (Fla. 2d DCA 1975); Bailey v. Bailey, 300 So. 2d 294 (Fla. 4th DCA 1974). These cases stand for the proposition that if a post-nuptial agreement is valid when tested by the stringent rules described in Del Vecchio v. Del Vecchio, 143 So. 2d 17 (Fla.…
  • McMAHAN v. Myrtes McMAHAN, 567 So. 2d 976 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990)
    …to the former, none of the reasons given, either considered separately or in toto, constitute coercion or duress. See Cronacher v. Cronacher, 508 So. 2d 1270 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987), Bailey v. Bailey, 300 So. 2d 294 (Fla. 4th DCA 1974), and Byrd v. Byrd, 324 So. 2d 659 (Fla. 2d DCA 1975) (all reciting that tremendous emotional strain at the time of signing of separation agreement is not sufficient ground to set aside the agreement); Bockoven v. Bockoven, 444 So. 2d 30 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983), and Bubenik v. Bubenik, 3…
  • Veiock v. Veiock, 391 So. 2d 793 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980)
    …that does not vitiate the agreement which the parties had entered into. There must have been a showing in clear and convincing evidence that the agreement itself was [*795] based on overreaching, fraud, coercion, deceit, or duress. See Byrd v. Byrd, 324 So. 2d 659 (Fla. 2nd DCA 1976); Bare v. Bare, 120 So. 2d 186 (Fla. 3rd DCA 1960); Cowen v. Cowen, 95 So. 2d 584 (Fla.1957); Miller v. Miller, 7 So. 2d 9 (Fla.1942). Appellant may have deceived Appellee into marrying her again, but he did not allege fraud or du…

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