ROBERT L. HAAG, APPELLANT,
v.
LARRY RICHARD PHILLIPS AND TRAVELERS INSURANCE COMPANY, APPELLEES
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Haag, injured in a motor vehicle collision while working, settled his workers' compensation claim and sued his employer's insurer (Travelers) and the driver (Phillips). The trial court granted summary judgment for Travelers based on policy exclusions without allowing Haag to amend his complaint to assert coverage under the uninsured motorist provision. The appellate court reversed, holding that amendments to pleadings should be freely granted when no prejudice is shown and a viable cause of action may exist.
The court reversed the summary judgment and remanded, holding that amendments to pleadings should be freely granted early in proceedings when no prejudice is shown and a viable cause of action exists. The court declined to decide the ultimate validity of the exclusions or the uninsured motorist coverage because the record inadequately posed these issues and the trial court prevented development of the factual framework necessary to resolve them.
[1] Amendments to pleadings should be freely granted, especially early in proceedings when no prejudice to the other side is shown and a cause of action may be viable.
[2] A trial court's disallowance of an amendment to a complaint, when no prejudice is shown and a cause of action may be viable, may be grounds for reversal.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“in the spirit of liberality, amendments to pleadings should be freely granted. Particularly is this so very early on in the proceedings (and surely at or before a motion for summary judgment is sought) when, as here, no prejudice to the other side is shown and a cause of action may well be viable.”
Establishes the governing standard for permitting amendments to complaints under Florida procedural rules, emphasizing the liberal approach especially before summary judgment.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceHaag was a passenger in a vehicle driven by Phillips, both employees of a mobile home corporation insured by Travelers. Their vehicle collided with an…
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McNULTY, Chief Judge.
Plaintiff/appellant Haag was a passenger in a motor vehicle driven by defendant/appellee Phillips. He sustained injuries when their car collided with an uninsured motor vehicle. Both were acting within the scope of their employment as employees of a mobile home corporation which was insured by appellee Travelers. Haag settled out his Workmen’s Compensation claim as against his employer and brought this independent action against Phillips personally, joining Travelers.
Phillips defaulted but appellee Travelers filed a motion for summary judgment, relying principally on exclusions in its policy which disclaimed liability where there was Workmen’s Compensation coverage and a co-employee exception. On the day of the hearing on the motion, however, appellant filed a motion to amend his complaint to plead coverage under the uninsured motorist provision of the policy. The trial court disallowed the amendment and entered a summary judgment in favor of Travelers, from which this appeal is taken. We reverse.
Appellant concedes that under the authority of McRae v. Snelling
the Workmen’s Compensation and co-employee exclusions under the policy would bar his claim herein against Phillips. He contends nevertheless, however, and we agree, that in the spirit of liberality, amendments to pleadings should be freely granted.2 Particularly is this so very early on in the proceedings (and surely at or before a motion for summary judgment is sought) when, as here, no prejudice to the other side is shown and a cause of action may well be viable. So he insists that in the interest of justice he be permitted to plead himself within the uninsured motorist coverage of Travelers’ policy.
Now the trial court may well have determined that the uninsured motorist provisions of the policy herein were inapplicable, although the record is silent as to this. In any event, the conditions precedent to their applicability vel non were never injected into the case since the court declined to permit an amendment to establish them as issues. For instance, the record is silent as to whether the appellee Phillips was personally insured which, if he were, might affect the “uninsured” nature of the claim against Travelers.
Additionally, supplemental briefs requested by this court reveal that Workmen’s Compensation benefits already paid to Haag exceed the $10,000 limit of liability under the uninsured motorist provision .of the policy. Accordingly, Travelers contends that Haag’s claim is now moot since the foregoing limits “shall be reduced” by any amounts paid or payable under the Workmen’s Compensation law. Haag counters, on the other hand, that the policy herein may well be a multi-vehicle policy and that, if he meets the criteria of Tucker v. Government Employee’s Insurance Company ,
he may be able to “stack” two or more limitations of liability.
We decline at this time to decide the validity of either of these contentions. The record simply doesn’t adequately pose the issues to be decided nor the factual framework upon which they are predicated. Justice and the spirit of the amendment rule require that we reverse so as to permit plaintiff/appellant Haag to amend as he requested. The trial court will then have before it the real controversy remaining between the parties and the record will permit further review if that be deemed necessary.
In view whereof, the judgment appealed from should be, and it is hereby, reversed; and the cause is remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent herewith.
BOARDMAN and GRIMES, JJ., concur. . (Pla.App.4th, 1974), 303 So. 2d 670.
. See Rule 1.190(a), RCP. . (Fla.1973), 288 So. 2d 238.
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The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. v. Thompson Aircraft Tire Corp., 353 So. 2d 137 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977)…the employer without alleging that it was only passively negligent.5 It is well established that leave to amend should be freely given, the more so when a party seeks such a privilege at a hearing on a motion for summary judgment, Haag v. Phillips, 333 So. 2d 507 (Fla. 2d DCA 1976), and when the amendment is based on the same conduct, transaction and occurrence upon which the original claim was brought. Knipp v. Weinbaum, 351 So. 2d 1081 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977). We affirm the summary judgment as to contribution,…
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Sarasota Commercial Refrigeration & AIR Conditioning, Inc. v. Schooley, 381 So. 2d 1141 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980)…lien made by appellants Sarasota, Nokomis, and Venice. Leave to amend a complaint is to be liberally granted, Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.190, especially where, as here, the motion is made at or before hearing on a motion for summary judgment, Haag v. Phillips, 333 So. 2d 507 (Fla.2d DCA 1976), and when the amendment is based on the same conduct, transaction, and occurrence upon which the original claim was brought. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. v. Thompson Aircraft Tire Corp., 353 So. 2d 137 (Fla.3d DCA 1977). Thus we fee…
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Plyser v. Demitri Hados, 388 So. 2d 1284 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980)…or before a hearing on a motion for summary judgment. Sarasota Commercial Refrigeration v. Schooley, 381 So. 2d 1141 (Fla.2d DCA 1980); Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. v. Thompson Aircraft Tire Corp., 353 So. 2d 137 (Fla.3d DCA 1977); Haag v. Phillips, 333 So. 2d 507 (Fla.2d DCA 1976). Where the record indicates that a plaintiff may have a viable claim if properly pleaded, the plaintiff is to be afforded an opportunity to amend the complaint. Gold Coast Crane Service, Inc. v. Watier, 257 So. 2d 249 (Fla.1971);…
Previewing 3 of 10 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Tucker v. Gov't Emps. Ins. Co., 288 So. 2d 238 (Fla. 1973)
- McRAE v. Snelling, 303 So. 2d 670 (Fla. 4th DCA 1974)