CITY OF MIAMI BEACH, A FLORIDA MUNICIPAL CORPORATION, AND ELAINE MATTHEWS, CITY CLERK, CITY OF MIAMI BEACH, FLORIDA, APPELLANTS,
v.
MR. SAMUEL'S, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, APPELLEE
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The City of Miami Beach appealed a mandamus judgment requiring it to issue a pawnbroker's license to Mr. Samuel's, Inc. The court affirmed, holding that the City had a clear legal duty to issue the license because pawnbroking constitutes a service business encompassed within the C-4 zoning district where the applicant sought to operate, regardless of the City's failure to explicitly list pawnbrokers in its zoning ordinance.
The City had a clear legal duty to issue the pawnbroker's license. The failure to explicitly list pawnbrokers in the zoning ordinance does not eliminate the City's duty to issue a license for a lawful business in a clearly applicable zone, and pawnbroking qualifies as a service business encompassed within the C-4 district.
[1] A municipality's refusal to issue a license may be deemed arbitrary, unreasonable, and unjust if it lacks a rational basis.
[2] Mandamus is an appropriate remedy to compel a municipality to issue a license when the applicant has no other plain, speedy, and adequate remedy at law.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“If, as the trial judge found and we now hold, the City had a clear legal duty to issue the license upon application, then the application to the City Commission does not convert an administrative duty to a quasi-judicial act.”
Establishes that mandamus was the proper remedy because the City's duty was administrative, not quasi-judicial, despite the City Council hearing.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceMr. Samuel's, Inc. applied for a pawnbroker's license to operate in a C-4 zoned area (a highly concentrated business core district). The City of Miami…
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PEARSON, Judge.
The City of Miami Beach was the respondent to a petition for mandamus brought by Mr. Samuel’s, Inc., seeking an order requiring the City to issue to the petitioner a pawnbroker’s license for the pawning of jewelry. The City appeals a final judgment issuing the peremptory writ. We affirm.
The City provides for pawnbrokers’ licenses and sets the fee for such licenses. The zoning ordinance does not, by its expressed terms, mention pawnbrokers in any zoning classification. Mr, Samuel’s, Inc., applied for the license in a “C-4” zone which is described in the ordinance: “A. DISTRICT PURPOSE. This District is designed to accommodate a highly concentrated business core, in which businesses serving all residents and visitors of the City are located.” It is also provided that all businesses permitted in C-l, C-2 or C-3 are allowed in C-4. The only remaining business classifications are C-S and C-6. C-S permits “high density residential, retail, and light and heavy service commercial development.” C-6 is entitled “Intensive Commerical District.”
The trial court found that “it affirmatively appears that (1) the Respondents’ refusal to issue Petitioner the aforesaid license is arbitrary, unreasonable and unjust, and (2) the Petitioner has no other plain, speedy and adequate remedy at law . . .” It, thereupon, ordered the issuance of the preemptory writ.
The appellant argues that the issuance of the writ was error for two reasons: First, the City says that because the merchant, upon advice of the City Attorney, applied for and received a hearing before the City Council on his application, he. should be limited to a review of the City Council’s action by certiorari. Second, the City says that because pawnbrokers are not specifically listed by its zoning ordinance in any business district, the City has the discretion of where to put pawnbrokers and, therefore, that the issuance of a pawnbrokers’ license is a discretionary act for which mandamus will not issue. We hold neither position presents error on this record.
If, as the trial judge found and we now hold, the City had a clear legal duty to issue the license upon application, then the application to the City Commission does not convert an administrative duty to a quasi-judicial act. See DeGroot v. Sheffield, Fla.1957, 95 So. 2d 912; and Harris v. Goff, Fla.App.1963, 151 So. 2d 642.
The failure of the City to list in its zoning ordinance a particular lawful business in any business zone does not obviate its duty to issue a license when the application seeks to locate that business in a clearly applicable zone. A fair reading of the City’s zoning ordinance shows that, based on the service businesses enumerated, encompassed therein is the contemplated business of Mr. Samuel’s, Inc. The only possible question would be whether the business is not also allowed in C-l, C-2 and C-3, all of the uses of which are included in C-4. That question is immaterial to the duty to issue the license for a lawful business in the most liberal zone where petitioner applied. Cf. lohnson v. Alexander, Fla.App.1969, 219 So. 2d 66.
Affirmed.
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City OF Miami Beach v. MR. Samuel's, Inc., 351 So. 2d 719 (Fla. 1977)…SUNDBERG, Justice. This cause is before us on petition for writ of certiorari to review a decision of the District Court of Appeal, Third District, reported at 334 So. 2d 47, because of its conflict with City of Miami Beach v. Atheneum, Inc., 254 So. 2d 41 (Fla. 3d DCA 1971), holding that mandamus was an inappropriate remedy to test the action of city officials in denying a license. We have jurisdiction pursuant to Arti…1 / 2
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City OF Miami Beach v. MR. Samuel's Inc., 352 So. 2d 930 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977)…PER CURIAM. WHEREAS, the judgment of this court was entered on April 6, 1976 (334 So. 2d 47) affirming the final judgment issuing the peremptory writ of the Circuit Court of Dade County, Florida, in the above styled cause; and WHEREAS, on review of this court’s judgment, by certiorari, the Supreme Court of Florida, by its opinion and judg…
Authorities Cited
- de Groot v. Sheffield, 95 So. 2d 912 (Fla. 1957)
- Harris v. H.A. Goff, 151 So. 2d 642 (Fla. 1st DCA 1963)
- Johnson v. Alexander, 219 So. 2d 66 (Fla. 4th DCA 1969)