AL PORCO AND TOM WERNER, APPELLANTS,
v.
DAVID R. LOVE ET AL., APPELLEES; AL PORCO AND TOM WERNER, APPELLANTS, V. RICHARD H. KEES ET AL., APPELLEES
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Porco and Werner appealed a judgment holding them liable for conversion of fill material removed from Kees and Love's property. The court affirmed, finding that Kees and Love had sufficient possessory interest in the fill to maintain a conversion action, regardless of technical title questions, and that the damage award was supported by evidence.
The court held that Kees and Love could successfully bring a conversion action based on their possession of the fill while it sat on their property, regardless of whether they held technical title to the fill itself. The appellants' argument that ownership rested in Arvida Corporation could not serve as a defense to conversion, and the trial court's ruling on ownership was not reversible error.
[1] A party in possession of land may bring an action for conversion of materials removed from that land, even if title to the materials themselves is disputed.
[2] A defendant in a conversion action cannot assert the ownership of a third party as a defense.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“the fact remains that the fill was in their possession while it was on their property; in addition, Porco and Werner did not allege that they had title to the fill, but rather that ownership rested in Arvida Corporation. Under these circumstances, we feel that the Florida Supreme Court's decision in Skinner v. Pinney, 19 Fla. 42 (1882), is controlling, and that the appellees Love and Kees could successfully bring an action for conversion of the land fill.”
Establishes the controlling legal principle that possession of fill on one's own property, rather than technical title, is sufficient to support a conversion action.
Previewing 1 of 2 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceThe Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District deposited dredged fill on land originally owned by Arvida Corporation pursuant to an easement.…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
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PER CURIAM.
Appellants Porco and Werner appeal from an adverse final judgment awarding the appellees Kees and Love damages for the conversion of fill which was taken from the appellees’ property. Appellants assert as error the fact that the appellee-plaintiffs failed to show that they owned the fill, specifically urging that the trial court should not have ruled on the question of ownership without having heard testimony relative to that issue by appellants’ expert witness. Appellants also claim that the damage award was not supported by the evidence and that counsel for the adverse parties made improper appeals to the jury during their closing arguments.
The fill in question was deposited on the appellees’ land by the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District pursuant to an easement from the original owner of the property, Arvida Corporation. The Flood Control District was in the process of digging a canal across a strip of land which bordered on Arvida’s property. According to the terms of the easement, Arvida was to keep “all dredged or excavated materials” placed upon the land which were not needed for the project. The canal excavation was completed by 1968.
In 1966, Arvida conveyed title to the property bordering on the canal to Pan American Citrus Corporation. Pan American subsequently transferred portions of its parcel to the appellees Love and Kees.
In late December 1972 or early January 1973, Frisa Corporation (an appellee herein and defendant below) contacted Porco concerning Frisa’s need for land fill for a development project. Porco contacted Wer-ner, who advised that he owned property along the canal and that he was interested in selling fill to Frisa. In addition, he offered to check as to the willingness of other property owners in the area to sell fill.
Frisa began extracting fill from the land along the canal in 1973, pursuant to an agreement with Werner. Porco was to collect payment from Frisa for removed fill at a purchase price of twenty-two cents per cubic yard. Of that price, Porco and Wer-ner were to receive six cents apiece for their labor and services, with the balance going to the various real property owners.
Frisa began removing fill from the property of Kees and Love in April of 1973. Kees complained to Werner, since no one had obtained consent to remove fill from the property of either Kees or Love. After discussing the matter with Frisa and Porco, Werner offered to pay Kees and Love ten cents per cubic yard for any fill which had been removed. Frisa admitted to having removed 24,000 cubic yards of fill from the appellees’ property. There is some dispute as to whether Kees and Love agreed to the purchase price, but they did not in fact accept the checks which were proffered by Porco.
Thereafter, independent lawsuits were filed alleging conversion of the fill. The suits were consolidated, and the appellants were ultimately held liable for conversion of the fill and for breach of the 1973 agreement with Frisa.
Appellants’ argument concerning title to the fill in question cannot be successful under the facts of this case. It is not disputed that the fill was actually removed from property belonging to Kees and Love, and that the latter held legal title to the land. Whether they actually held title to the fill itself is not relevant, for the fact remains that the fill was in their possession while it was on their property; in addition, Porco and Werner did not allege that they had title to the fill, but rather that ownership rested in Arvida Corporation. Under these circumstances, we feel that the Florida Supreme Court’s decision in Skinner v. Pinney, 19 Fla. 42 (1882), is controlling, and that the appellees Love and Kees could successfully bring an action for conversion of the land fill.
Since we have stated our belief that the question of ownership was not critical to the appellee’s suit, and further that the appellants could not assert ownership of a third party as a defense to the conversion action, we find that the trial court’s ruling as to ownership did not constitute reversible error. As to the damage award, we find that the verdict was supported by substantial competent evidence. Appellant’s final point is without merit.
Affirmed.
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Page v. Matthews, 386 So. 2d 815 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980)…or immediate right of possession of the property in question. Allen v. Universal C.I.T. Credit Corp., 133 So. 2d 442 (Fla.1st DCA 1961). Questions of ownership or title are not crucial to the bringing of an action for conversion. See Porco v. Love, 340 So. 2d 1245 (Fla.3d DCA 1977). Hence, even one who is a conditional vendee is entitled to bring suit for wrongful conversion. See Fletcher v. Dees, 101 Fla. 402, 134 So. 234 (1931). The general rule as enunciated in Lilly v. Bronson, 129 Fla. 675, 177 So. 218…
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LE Dauphin Condo. Ass'n, Inc. v. Groundworks OF Palm Beach Cnty., Inc., 719 So. 2d 13 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998)…that Groundworks converted the trees by removing them from Le Dauphin’s property and against Le Dauphin’s directions. See St. Paul Fire Marine Ins. Co. v. Pensacola Diagnostic Ctr. & Breast Clinic, 505 So. 2d 513 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987); Porco v. Love, 340 So. 2d 1245 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977). The parties argue whether a lien on behalf of Groundworks occurred in the course of these transactions under section 713.15, Florida Statutes (1993). No such entitlement on behalf of Groundworks was created by this simple commer…
Authorities Cited
- Emory F. Skinner v. Pinney, 19 Fla. 42 (Fla. 1882)