TINY'S LIQUORS, INC., APPELLANT,
v.
PAUL DAVIS, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 1977-12-06
No. 76-1300
Before PEARSON, HUBBART and KE-HOE, JJ.
353 So. 2d 168 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1977) Caution
Cited by 72 cases

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Holding

The court held that even if a directed verdict should have been granted on one theory (respondeat superior), the jury verdict should be affirmed if supported by sufficient evidence on another theory (negligent hiring and retention).


Headnotes

[1] A motion for a directed verdict should be granted only when the evidence, viewed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, would not allow a jury to reasonably…

[2] A jury verdict should be affirmed if the evidence supports at least one of the theories presented to the jury, even if the evidence is insufficient to support another the…

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Facts & Procedural History

Appellee sued appellant for personal injuries caused by appellant's employee, alleging respondeat superior and negligent hiring/retention. The jury fo…

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Opinion of the Court
KEHOE, Judge.

KEHOE, Judge.

Appellant, defendant below, brings this appeal from a final judgment and cost judgment entered in favor of appellee, plaintiff below, after a jury trial on the' issue of whether appellant, pursuant to allegations in the complaint of respondeat superior and negligent hiring and retention, was liable to appellee for personal injuries caused by appellant’s employee who purposely set appellee on fire.

The jury returned a general verdict in favor of appel-lee and the trial court entered the judgments appealed. It is contended on appeal that the trial court erred by denying appellant’s motion for a directed verdict because there was insufficient evidence to raise a jury question on the issues of respondeat superior and the negligent hiring and retention raised by the complaint. Also, appellant contends that the trial court erred in entering the cost judgment, predicated on the final judgment, in favor of appellee. We have considered all of the points raised by appellant and have concluded that they are without merit.

Therefore, the judgments entered by the trial court are affirmed.

As set forth above, appellee advanced two theories in his complaint for recovery against appellant, i. e., respondeat superior and negligent hiring and retention, for the actions of its employee who purposely set fire to appellee, causing him serious bodily injuries. During the jury trial of this cause, appellant moved for a directed verdict both at the close of appellee’s case and at the close of all the evidence. The basis of appellant’s motions for a directed verdict was that the evidence was insufficient to raise a jury question on either of the theories alleged by appellee for recovery. These motions were denied, the jury returned a general verdict in favor of appel-lee, and the trial court entered the final judgment and cost judgment which appellant appeals.

Motions for directed verdicts, judgments in accordance with motions for directed verdicts upon which rulings have been withheld and judgments notwithstanding the verdict all share the following rules as to their application by the trial court and on review by an appellate court. They should be cautiously granted and then only when it can be said, after reviewing the evidence and testimony in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, that a jury could not reasonably differ as to the existence of a material fact or a material inference and that the movant is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law. Put another way, such motions should not be granted when there is any reasonable evidence upon which a jury could legally predicate a verdict in favor of the non-moving party. McCabe v. Watson, 225 So. 2d 346 (Fla.3d DCA 1969); Chowning v. Pierce, 174 So. 2d 42 (Fla.3d DCA 1965); and Deese v. White Belt Dairy Farms, Inc., 160 So. 2d 543 (Fla.2d DCA 1964).

Further, in testing a motion, the movant admits all of the facts shown in the evidence and admits to every reasonable inference favorable to the adverse party. Lupoletti v. Miller, 269 So. 2d 67 (Fla.4th DCA 1972); and National Bank of Melbourne & Trust Company v. Batchelor, 266 So. 2d 185 (Fla.4th DCA 1972).

In light of these principles, we have reviewed the record and have concluded that, although the evidence was insufficient to raise a jury question on the issue of respon-deat superior, the evidence was sufficient to raise a jury question on the issue of the negligent hiring and retention by appellant of its employee who injured appellee.

Therefore, the trial court improperly denied appellant’s motion for a directed verdict as to the issue of respondeat superior; however, the trial court properly denied appellant’s motion for a directed verdict on the issue of negligent hiring and retention. Regardless of the improper denial of appellant’s motion for a directed verdict on the one issue of respondeat superior, where, as here, a case goes to the jury on two theories and the evidence supports one of the theories, the verdict should be affirmed. Moore v. St. Cloud Utilities, Inc., 337 So. 2d 982 (Fla.4th DCA 1976); Hester v. Gatlin, 332 So. 2d 660 (Fla.2d DCA 1976); Cicerco v. Paradis, 184 So. 2d 212 (Fla.2d DCA 1966); and Berkman v. Miami National Bank, 143 So. 2d 535 (Fla.3d DCA 1962).

For the reasons set forth above, the final judgment entered by the trial court is affirmed. In light of this decision, we further determine that the trial court properly entered the cost judgment in favor of appel-lee. Therefore, both judgments are affirmed.

Affirmed.

PEARSON, J., concurs in the decision to affirm only.


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Cited By (36 total)

  • Marks v. Delcastillo, 386 So. 2d 1259 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980)
    …mages for the estates of the decedents shall be stricken from the judgment under review, which is otherwise entirely affirmed. Affirmed in part, reversed in part. . Gravette v. Turner, 77 Fla. 311, 81 So. 476 (1919); Tiny’s Liquors, Inc. v. Davis, 353 So. 2d 168 (Fla.3d DCA 1977). . McNulty v. Hurley, 97 So. 2d 185, 187 (Fla.1957). .As noted infra, this fact itself provided a strong indication that there were no effective warnings that there was dynamite inside the trailer. . Several unexploded sticks we…
  • The Miami Herald Publ'g Co. v. Aurelio ANE, 423 So. 2d 376 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982)
    …ter, given the information he had before him. We deal, in our view, with a clear case of journalistic negligence, the evidence of which in this case was more than ample to go to the jury for final resolution. See e.g., Tiny’s Liquors, Inc. v. Davis, 353 So. 2d 168, 169 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977). Third, the subject false and defamatory statements herein also caused, according to the uncontradicted testimony of the plaintiff Ane, considerable mental anguish and humiliation to the plaintiff Ane. This is understandable…
  • Salem Dandashi and Mansham Dandashi v. Fine, 397 So. 2d 442 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981)
    …judge as question of law. Hendricks v. Dailey, 208 So. 2d 101 (Fla.1968); Behar v. Root, 393 So. 2d 1169 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981); Laird v. Potter, 367 So. 2d 642 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979), cert. denied, 378 So. 2d 347 (Fla.1979); Tiny’s Liquors, Inc. v. Davis, 353 So. 2d 168 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977). The directed verdict for defendant Gordon is also improper where the record shows conflicting evidence tending to prove negligence on the part of Dr. Gordon. The fact that Dr. Gordon was under the direction and control of Dr. Fi…

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