HILDA YOLANDA ALMENGOR, AS MOTHER AND NEXT FRIEND OF JESSICA PATRICIA AVILA, APPELLANT,
v.
DADE COUNTY D/B/A JACKSON MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, APPELLEE
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The court held that genuine issues of material fact exist regarding whether the plaintiff was put on notice of her child's injury more than four years prior to filing suit, thus precluding summary judgment.
[1] The statute of limitations in a medical malpractice action begins to run when the plaintiff has notice of either the negligent act or the injury resulting from that act.
[2] A plaintiff is not on notice of a negligent act or injury if the medical defendant actively conceals the cause of action or fails to disclose facts known or discoverable…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligencePlaintiff sued a hospital for medical malpractice, alleging negligent delivery and care of her daughter resulting in brain damage. The trial court gra…
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HUBBART, Judge.
The plaintiff Hilda Yolanda Almengor, as mother and next friend of her minor daughter, Jessica Patricia Avila, appeals a final summary judgment which was entered by the Circuit Court for the Eleventh Judicial Circuit of Florida in favor of the defendant Dade County d/b/a Jackson Memorial Hospital in a medical malpractice action on the ground that said action was barred by the then applicable four year statute of limitations. § 95.11(4) Fla.Stat. (1969). The plaintiff contends that the summary judgment was improperly entered because genuine issues of material fact exist as to whether the plaintiff was put on notice of an invasion of her legal rights more than four years prior to filing of the action herein. We agree and reverse.
It is the established law of this state that the statute of limitations in a medical malpractice action begins to run when the plaintiff has been put on notice of an invasion of his legal rights. This occurs when the plaintiff has notice of either (1) the negligent act giving rise to the cause of action, or (2) the existence of any injury which is the consequence of the negligent act, although the injury be slight and not involve all the damages later sustained. In this connection, the plaintiff is on notice as to the contents of relevant hospital and medical records which are available to or obtainable by the plaintiff pertaining to his treatment. Nardone v. Reynolds, 333 So. 2d 25 (Fla.1976); City of Miami v. Brooks, 70 So. 2d 306 (Fla.1954); Buck v. Mouradian, 100 So. 2d 70 (Fla.3d DCA 1958); Nardone v. Reynolds, 538 F. 2d 1131 (5th Cir. 1976).
The plaintiff is not on notice, however, as to either the negligent act or the injury caused thereby where he has no actual knowledge of either fact because (1) the medical defendant or his employee, servant or agent actively engages in concealment against the plaintiff so as to prevent inquiry or elude investigation or mislead the plaintiff relating to the existence of the cause of action, or (2) the medical defendant-physician or the medical defendant through his employee/servant/agent-physician fails to reveal to the plaintiff facts [as distinguished from mere possibilities or conjecture] known to, or available to such physician by efficient diagnosis, relating to the nature and/or cause of the plaintiff’s adverse physical condition. The statute of limitations is tolled upon the happening of either of the above two events. Nardone v. Reynolds, 333 So. 2d 25 (Fla.1976); Buck v. Mouradian, 100 So. 2d 70 (Fla.3d DCA 1958); Nardone v. Reynolds, 538 F. 2d 1131 (5th Cir. 1976).
The plaintiff herein has filed a medical malpractice action against the defendant hospital on the ground that her baby daughter was negligently delivered at birth and thereafter negligently cared for by the agents, servants, and employees of the defendant hospital as a result of which the baby has suffered severe brain damage. Our review of the record reveals a genuine issue .of material fact as to whether the plaintiff was placed on notice more than four years prior to the filing of the action that her baby daughter was injured during birth. There is some evidence in the record that during this time the plaintiff was aware or should have been aware that the baby was born mentally retarded and thereafter showed signs of mental retardation and abnormal development. We do not believe, however, that this evidence put the plaintiff on notice as a matter of law that the baby was injured during birth because such evidence just as reasonably could have meant that the baby had been born with a congenital defect without any birth trauma. See Salvaggio v. Austin, 336 So. 2d 1282 (Fla.2d DCA 1976).
In addition, there is also some indication in the record that a nurse as an employee of the defendant hospital actively and successfully misled the plaintiff as to the baby’s true physical condition. The nurse allegedly told the plaintiff that the baby would be only slightly retarded and that the plaintiff should not worry about it. It is our conclusion that this evidence raises a genuine issue of material fact as to whether an employee of the defendant hospital engaged in active concealment of the true condition of the plaintiff’s baby which thereby kept the plaintiff in ignorance thereof. If true, such active and successful concealment would toll the running of the statute of limitations.
We are also persuaded that there is a genuine issue of material fact as to whether the doctors as employees of the defendant hospital who delivered the plaintiff’s baby actually knew, or should have known through efficient diagnosis, of a physical injury to the baby inflicted during birth but failed to so inform the plaintiff which thereby kept the plaintiff in ignorance thereof. If true, such non-disclosure resulting in successful concealment would also toll the running of the statute of limitations.
The summary final judgment^entered in this cause is reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings.
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Citator
Cited By (23 total)
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Moore v. Morris, 475 So. 2d 666 (Fla. 1985)…on in life. With all this evidence in the record, genuine issues of material fact remain and summary judgment should not have been granted. Other cases from the courts of this state support this conclusion. For example, in Almengor v. Dade County, 359 So. 2d 892 (Fla. 3d DCA 1978), the plaintiffs filed a medical malpractice action against the defendant hospital on the grounds that their baby daughter was negligently delivered at birth, thereafter negligently cared for and that, as a result, the baby suffere…
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Naji Nehme v. Smithkline Beecham Clinical Labs., Inc., 863 So. 2d 201 (Fla. 2003)…s. “Concealment” required to extend the statute of repose in medical malpractice matters to seven years requires fraud, intent to conceal or some other active element. Nardone v. Reynolds, 333 So. 2d 25 (Fla.1976). See also Almengor v. Dade County, 359 So. 2d 892 (Fla. 3d DCA 1978). Concealment also requires knowledge (by the tortfeasor) about plaintiffs condition which is not conveyed to plaintiff. Nardone, 333 So. 2d [*206] at 37. In such instances, the plaintiff is being actively misled about his or her t…
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Fla. Patient's Comp. Fund v. Sitomer, 524 So. 2d 671 (Fla. 4th DCA 1988)…action, or the existence of an injury that is the consequence of the negligent act. Nardone v. Reynolds, 333 So. 2d 25 (Fla.1976); Wilhelm v. Traynor, 434 So. 2d 1011 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983), rev. denied, 444 So. 2d 418 (1984); Almengor v. Dade County, 359 So. 2d 892 (Fla. 3d DCA 1978). It must be remembered, however, that knowledge of an injury, without more, does not necessarily put a patient on notice that the injury was caused by the negligence of another. It would have been erroneous for the trial court to…
Previewing 3 of 23 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Nardone v. Reynolds, 333 So. 2d 25 (Fla. 1976)
- City of Miami v. Brooks, 70 So. 2d 306 (Fla. 1954)
- Nardone v. Reynolds, 538 F.2d 1131 (5th Cir. 1976)
- Buck v. Mouradian, 100 So. 2d 70 (Fla. 3d DCA 1958)
- Shaw v. Shaw, 336 So. 2d 1282 (Fla. 3d DCA 1976)