JOHN TIMOTHY WORLEY, A MINOR BY AND THROUGH HIS NEXT FRIEND, HOMER H. WORLEY, AND HOMER H. WORLEY, AND JOYCE WORLEY, INDIVIDUALLY, APPELLANTS,
v.
SANDRA KAYE KIRKLAND AND INSURANCE COMPANY OF NORTH AMERICA, APPELLEES

Fla. 1st DCA | 1978-06-21
No. EE-36
SMITH and ERVIN, JJ., concur.
360 So. 2d 447 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1978) Positive Treatment
Cited by 8 cases

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Synopsis

A nine-year-old boy and his parents sued for injuries sustained when struck by a car. The jury found the defendant negligent but awarded zero damages to the child and mother while awarding $2,500 to the father. The court reversed, holding that verdicts of zero dollars were grossly inadequate as a matter of law where the defendant was found negligent.


Holding

The court held that verdicts of zero dollars were grossly inadequate as a matter of law and reversed, finding that reasonable men could not reach such verdicts where the defendant was found negligent. The court remanded for new trial on all issues, reasoning that even under comparative negligence, if the defendant was found negligent in any degree, some monetary award must be given to the child for his injuries and to the mother for loss of the child's services.


Headnotes

[1] A jury verdict awarding zero damages to a plaintiff who suffered demonstrable injuries is grossly inadequate and warrants a new trial.

[2] A new trial may be granted for grossly inadequate damages just as readily as for excessive damages.

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Key Quotes

“It is well-established in Florida law that a verdict for grossly inadequate damages stands upon the same ground as a verdict for excessive damages, and a new trial may be as readily granted in one case as in the other.”

Establishes the legal principle that grossly inadequate verdicts receive the same appellate review as excessive verdicts

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Facts & Procedural History

John Worley, age nine, was struck by a car driven by Sandra Kaye Kirkland. He suffered serious injuries including blunt pancreas injury, concussion, b…

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Opinion of the Court
MILLS, Acting Chief Judge.

MILLS, Acting Chief Judge.

John Worley, a nine-year-old boy, was injured when struck by a car driven by Ms. Kirkland. Suit was brought by the minor through his father to recover for his personal injuries and pain and suffering. The father individually sought recovery of medical expenses and loss of services, and the mother sought recovery for loss of services. Ms. Kirkland denied negligence and pled comparative negligence on the part of the Worleys. Trial was held before a jury.

The evidence showed that after the accident the child was hospitalized for ten days, was fed intravenously, and coughed up blood. X-rays revealed blood clots on the lungs. John’s injuries were diagnosed as blunt pancreas injury, concussion, blood intrusion injury in the lung and traumatic headaches. After discharge from the hospital, John suffered headaches and missed six or seven weeks of school. The medical bills incurred by Mr. Worley totaled $1,990.75. John fed the cows and hogs and mowed the yard for his parents.

The jury returned a verdict in favor of the Worleys and assessed damages sustained by the father at $2,500.00, damages sustained by the child at zero, and damages sustained by the mother at zero. The child and his mother filed a motion for a new trial alleging that the verdicts for them were contrary to the manifest weight of the evidence and grossly inadequate. The motion was denied and this appeal was taken by them.

John and his mother contend that the trial court erred in denying their motion for a new trial. We agree and reverse.

Under the facts of this case, the verdicts of zero dollars were grossly inadequate and were inconsistent with the $2,500.00 verdict for the father. Pickel v. Rosen, 214 So. 2d 730 (Fla. 3d DCA 1968).

In Hutto v. Washington County Kennel Club, Inc., 253 So. 2d 726 (Fla. 1st DCA 1971), we said:

“It is well-established in Florida law that a verdict for grossly inadequate damages stands upon the same ground as a verdict for excessive damages, and a new trial may be as readily granted in one case as in the other. . . . While an appellate court must be ever alert against the temptation to substitute its judgment for that of the jury, it must not refuse to act to relieve the injustice of either a grossly inadequate or excessive verdict. . In each case, the question of whether the award of damages is so grossly inadequate as to require the granting of a new trial involves a determination of whether or not reasonable men could reach the verdict rendered. . . . ”

Under the circumstances of this case, reasonable men could not have reached the verdicts of zero dollars. Regardless of any possible negligence the jury may have attributed to the child or his mother, having found that Ms. Kirkland was negligent, the jury could not properly or lawfully fail to compensate the child for the serious injuries he received and the mother for the child’s services she lost. Even if the jury found the child 99 percent responsible for his injuries and the defendant only one percent negligent, a finding of some monetary award for the child and his mother was inevitable under the comparative negligence law.

Because we do not know if the jury applied comparative negligence to this case and, if it did, how it prorated the negligence between the parties, it is necessary that we remand this case for new trial on all issues.

We reverse the judgments appealed and remand this case for a new trial on all issues as to the child and mother. SMITH and ERVIN, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Gonzalez v. Westinghouse Elec. Corp., 463 So. 2d 1229 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985)
    …his derivative claim. Where the jury finds the defendant negligent and returns a verdict in favor of the main plaintiff, a zero verdict on the derivative claim is inconsistent with the main verdict and is grossly inadequate. See Worley v. Kirkland, 360 So. 2d 447 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978); Kinne v. Burgin, 311 So. 2d 695 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975). Accordingly, we reverse and remand this cause for a new trial on the issue of damages only. REVERSED and REMANDED. HERSEY and WALDEN, JJ., concur.…
  • Nadia Bach and Ronald Carter v. Murray, 658 So. 2d 546 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995)
    …tsfield v. Orlando Regional Medical Ctr., Inc., 522 So. 2d 66, 68 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988)); Short v. Ehrler, 510 So. 2d 1110 (Fla. 4th DCA 1987); Vega v. Mahfuz, 367 So. 2d 1107 (Fla. 3d DCA), cert. denied, 378 So. 2d 346 (Fla.1979); Worley v. Kirkland, 360 So. 2d 447 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978); Perez v. American Mut. Liab. Ins. Co., 288 So. 2d 541 (Fla. 2d DCA 1973); Hancock v. Smith, 248 So. 2d 211 (Fla. 3d DCA 1971). This result is equally applicable to Carter’s claim for loss of consortium. Loftin v. Anderson, 66 So…
  • Morrison v. Intercounty Constr. Corp., 368 So. 2d 104 (Fla. 4th DCA 1979)
    …orted by competent evidence. No other legal errors have been demonstrated from the record, and we, therefore, affirm on the husband/appellant’s appeal. The grant of a new trial on the wife’s consortium claim is also proper. See, Worley v. Kirkland, 360 So. 2d 447 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978). The grant of a new trial will not be disturbed on appeal except on a clear-showing of an abuse of discretion. Castlewood International Corporation v. LaFleur, 322 So. 2d 520 (Fla.1975). The cross-appellant has failed to fulfill…

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