CHARLES OTHO DALTON, JR., APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Dalton, convicted of second-degree murder, challenged the trial court's denial of credit against his life sentence for time spent in a state mental hospital after being committed due to incompetency to stand trial. The Fourth District affirmed, holding that time spent in a mental hospital for treatment purposes does not constitute time served that should be credited against a prison sentence, following the Florida Supreme Court's decision in Dorfman v. State.
No. The Florida Supreme Court's decision in Dorfman v. State controls, establishing that there is a fundamental difference between confinement in a prison as part of a criminal sentence and treatment in a mental hospital designed to restore a person to mental competency, and thus time spent in a mental hospital is not creditable against a prison sentence.
[1] A defendant is not entitled to credit against a criminal sentence for time spent in a state mental hospital for treatment of mental incompetence.
[2] Confinement in a mental hospital for the purpose of treatment to restore mental competency is distinct from incarceration as part of a criminal sentence.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“There is an obvious difference, however, between confinement in a prison (or in a prison infirmary during a period of imprisonment), as part of a criminal sentence, and a period of treatment in a mental hospital for the purpose of helping the individual to return to society.”
The Florida Supreme Court's foundational distinction in Dorfman establishing that hospital confinement is not equivalent to prison confinement for purposes of sentence credit.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceDalton was arrested in December 1965 for first-degree murder and initially convicted and sentenced to death. After the Supreme Court ordered a new tri…
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ANSTEAD, Judge.
The appellant, Charles Otho Dalton, Jr., contends that the trial court erred in refusing to allow him credit against his sentence for time spent in a state mental hospital. We disagree and affirm.
Dalton was arrested on December 28, 1965, and subsequently charged with first degree murder. Prior to trial he was lodged in the Indian River County jail. Upon trial, he was convicted, sentenced to death, and transferred to the state prison at Raiford. He was returned to the county jail when a new trial was ordered by the Supreme Court.
Dalton then filed a motion claiming that he was not mentally competent to stand trial. On February 16, 1968, the trial court entered an order finding Dalton mentally incompetent and ordering him committed for treatment at a state mental hospital. Another competency hearing was conducted on July 14, 1976, after which an order was entered again finding Dalton incompetent and confirming his commitment. Finally, on March 17, 1977, after a hearing on competency, Dalton was adjudicated sane, mentally competent to stand trial and was returned to the county jail.
Dalton entered a plea of guilty to second degree murder on April 28, 1977, and was adjudged guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment on the same day. The trial court allowed credit for all time spent in the county jail or state prison but denied his request for credit for time spent in the state mental hospital.
In Dorfman v. State, 351 So. 2d 954 (Fla.1977), the Florida Supreme Court framed the issue involved on appeal as:
[WJhether one sentenced to a prison term after he has spent time in a state mental hospital under a court committal order must be given credit against his sentence for the time spent in hospital confinement.
This question was answered in the negative by the Supreme Court’s decision. Justice England expressed the court’s reasoning as follows:
It is convenient rhetoric to say, as Dorf-man argues, that incarceration is incarceration whether spent in a jail cell or a hospital. There is an obvious difference, however, between confinement in a prison (or in a prison infirmary during a period of imprisonment), as part of a criminal sentence, and a period of treatment in a mental hospital for the purpose of helping the individual to return to society.
351 So. 2d 954 at 957.
Dalton contends that Dorfman is not applicable because Dorfman was hospitalized as a mentally disordered sex offender, a commitment related to Dorfman’s conviction, whereas here the commitment was unrelated to the charges pending against Dalton. We cannot agree that this distinction requires a different result. If anything, there would seem to be more justification for crediting time spent in a commitment related to the offense, than for crediting time spent in a completely unrelated commitment.
The adjudication of incompetency and commitment were the result of Dalton’s own motion claiming that he was incompetent to stand trial. The purpose of the commitment was to treat Dalton’s mental illness and to return him to a state of mental competency, so he would be capable of standing trial. The standards used to determine the competency of a defendant are essentially the same as those used in civil commitment proceedings. Daniels v. O’Connor, 243 So. 2d 144 (Fla.1971); Jackson v. Indiana, 406 U.S. 715, 92 S.Ct. 1845, 32 L.Ed.2d 435 (1972). Just as in Dorfman, supra, the prosecution of a defendant adjudicated incompetent, is suspended during the time he is committed.
We believe the decision in Dorfman is controlling here. Accordingly, the judg ment and sentence of the trial court are affirmed.
AFFIRMED.
DAUKSCH, J., and BASKIN, NATALIE, Associate Judge, concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
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Mesa v. State, 421 So. 2d 186 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982)…PER CURIAM. Affirmed. Dalton v. State, 362 So. 2d 457 (Fla. 4th DCA 1978), followed in Wallace v. State, 397 So. 2d 1175 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981); see Gonzalez v. State, 410 So. 2d 657 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982).…
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State v. Tal-Mason, 492 So. 2d 1179 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986)…osed, but the court imposing a sentence shall allow a defendant credit for all of the time he spent in the county jail before sentence. The credit must be for a specified period of time and shall be provided for in the sentence. In Dalton v. State, 362 So. 2d 457 (Fla. 4th DCA 1978), this court affirmed a trial court ruling which denied the appellant credit for time spent in a state mental hospital while being evaluated for competency to stand trial. In Dalton, we did not cite the county jail limitation set…
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Wallace v. State, 397 So. 2d 1175 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981)….P. 3.850, and this court having considered the record presented and having further determined that it conclusively appears therefrom that petitioner is entitled to no relief, the denial of his motion is affirmed on the authority of Dalton v. State, 362 So. 2d 457 (Fla. 4th DCA 1978), which decided the identical issue presented here. See, Dorfman v. State, 351 So. 2d 954 (Fla. 1977).…
Previewing 3 of 6 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Jackson v. Indiana, 406 U.S. 715 (U.S. 1972)
- Dorfman v. State, 351 So. 2d 954 (Fla. 1977)
- Daniels v. J. B. O'Connor, M.D., 243 So. 2d 144 (Fla. 1971)