GEORGIA HAINES, APPELLANT,
v.
SOUTHERN LIFE AND HEALTH INSURANCE COMPANY, AND COASTAL STATES LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 1978-10-11
No. 77-1244
MOORE and BERANEK, JJ., concur.
363 So. 2d 175 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1978) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

This appeal challenges an insurer's denial of accidental death benefits because the insured died 120 days after an accident, exceeding the policy's 90-day limitation. The court affirms the summary judgment, holding that while such time limitations may raise policy concerns, they are valid contractual terms that only the legislature can change.


Holding

The court affirms that 90-day time limitations in insurance policies are valid and enforceable contractual terms. Although such limitations raise legitimate public policy concerns, they do not violate public policy absent evidence of actual harm or widespread incentive for murder or suicide, and any change to such terms must come from the legislature.


Headnotes

[1] Accidental death benefits policies requiring death within a specified period following an accident are enforceable if the policy language is plain and unambiguous.

[2] A time limitation in an accidental death benefits policy is not void as against public policy absent a showing of a tendency for the public to engage in murder or suicide…

Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Key Quotes

“If the language in an insurance policy is sufficiently plain and unambiguous there is no occasion to apply the rule of construction which requires ambiguities to be construed against the insurer.”

Establishes the controlling principle that unambiguous policy language must be enforced as written without applying contra proferentem rule

Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

Georgia Haines was involved in an accident and died 120 days later. Two insurance companies (Southern Life and Health Insurance Company and Coastal St…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
LETTS, Judge.

LETTS, Judge.

This appeal arises from a summary judgment upholding the denial, by two insurance companies, of accidental death benefits because the insured took 120 days from the date of the accident to die and the policy terms required death within 90 days. We affirm.

The appellant concedes that the present law in Florida, articulated by the Second District, would uphold such 90 day limitations. Stinchomb v. Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, 305 So. 2d 84 (Fla.2d DCA 1974), cert. den., 318 So. 2d 402. In Stinchomb the facts involved a leg amputation which occurred some 73 days beyond the allowable 90 days. As that court said:

We cannot blame appellant and his doctor for having delayed the amputation in the vain hope the leg might be saved.

However, the court also said:

If the language in an insurance policy is sufficiently plain and unambiguous there is no occasion to apply the rule of construction which requires ambiguities to be construed against the insurer. In the case at bar, the language of the policies is likewise plain and unambiguous and while we do not like the result, we cannot strike down the clear terms of these contracts, unless they are void as being against public policy. We have sympathy for the proposition that one who buys a policy for accidental death, should get paid off if he dies from such an accident, regardless of the time he takes to do so, while fighting to save his life and, therefore, the Insurance Company’s money. Nevertheless these contracts are valid on their faces.

Appellant urges that such limitations are indeed against public policy because they inject into the “agonizing, difficult and delicate deliberations of the treating physicians and family of a mortally injured person, a potentially sinister economic factor suggesting nontreatment.” In plain language it is suggested that the family of the stricken victim might either “pull the plug”, or never plug it in, to get the insurance money. This argument is not without support in the law and two jurisdictions, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, have recently adopted this theory. See Burne v. Franklin Life Insurance Company, 451 Pa. 218, 301 A. 2d 799 (1973), and Karl v. New York Life Insurance Company, 139 N.J.Super. 318, 353 A. 2d 564 (1976).

Predictably the insurance companies argue that the policies are not against public policy because some bureaucrat in Tallahassee has approved the forms. We reject that theory. However, it is true that public policy considerations require of the state an affirmative duty to preserve life. Satz v. Abe Perlmutter, 363 So. 2d 160 (Fla.4th DCA, Case No. 78-1486, Opinion filed September 13, 1978). Notwithstanding, there is no showing of any tendency on the part of the public to engage in murder or suicide in order to defeat the time limitations and collect on accident insurance. Accordingly, any change must come from the legislature. Even then, we suggest there would always have to be some time limitation, otherwise our already overcrowded courts will be further cluttered by claims that a football injury, of 20 years before, caused confinement to a wheelchair which, in turn, caused total failure of other vital organs. A line must be drawn somewhere.

We would stress that so far as the record reveals, we are not presented with an insured who, from the moment of his accidental misfortune, lay in a continuing coma or had his life maintained solely by reason of some mechanical device. The record reveals only that the appellant was involved in an accident which it is admitted he died of 120 days later. From such a record, the cause must be affirmed.

AFFIRMED.

MOORE and BERANEK, JJ., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Vardit M. Sasloe v. Home Life Ins. Co., 416 So. 2d 867 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982)
    …d by Mark Sasloe had a direct causal relationship with his death, or at least indirectly or partly contributed to his death. Therefore, there was no liability under this policy. See and compare: Haines v. Southern Life and Health Insurance Company, 363 So. 2d 175 (Fla. 4th DCA 1978); Stinchomb v. Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, 305 So. 2d 84 (Fla. 2d DCA 1974). The cases relied upon by the appellant, [Harris v. Carolina Life Insurance Company, 233 So. 2d 833 (Fla.1970); Mason v. Life and Casualty…

Authorities Cited

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw