LOUIS CHESLER, ET AL., APPELLANTS,
v.
HYMAN B. HENDLER, ET AL., APPELLEES; HYMAN B. HENDLER, ET AL., APPELLANTS, V. LOUIS CHESLER, ET AL., APPELLEES; HYMAN B. HENDLER, ET AL., APPELLANTS, V. ALAN CHESLER, ET AL., APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 1983-03-16
Nos. 81-2123, 81-2306, 82-639 and 82-1453
LETTS, C.J., and HURLEY, J., concur.
428 So. 2d 730 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1983) Positive Treatment
Cited by 12 cases

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Synopsis

This case involves appeals from non-final orders in a complex corporate litigation. The appellate court reviewed orders related to a temporary injunction, appointment of a receiver, dismissal of a complaint, and disqualification of counsel, ultimately affirming the dissolution of the injunction and the disqualification of counsel.


Holding

The appellate court affirmed the dissolution of the temporary injunction, noting that plaintiffs could seek a new one upon amendment. The court also affirmed the disqualification of plaintiffs' counsel. The court found that only the dissolution of the injunction was subject to non-final appeal under Rule 9.130(a), and reviewed the disqualification of counsel by common law certiorari.


Headnotes

[1] Appeals from non-final orders may become moot upon the entry of a subsequent order by the trial court that supersedes the prior orders.

[2] A non-final order dissolving a temporary injunction is reviewable under Florida Appellate Rule 9.130(a)(4).

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Key Quotes

“The Complaint filed by the Plaintiffs in this cause is hereby dismissed. The Plaintiffs shall have twenty (20) days to file an amended Complaint. Since SOUTHWARD VENTURES, INC. was not a party to the cause at the time of the injunction hearing, the said Defendant SOUTHWARD VENTURES, INC.’s Motion to dissolve the temporary injunction as it pertains to said Defendant, SOUTHWARD VENTURES, INC., and to discharge the judicial receiver, is hereby granted, and the said receiver, Sam Phillips, Esq., is hereby discharged.”

The successor judge's order dismissing the complaint, dissolving the injunction as to Southward, and discharging the receiver.

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Facts & Procedural History

Plaintiffs filed a complaint seeking damages, an accounting, and an injunction against corporate directors and officers. The initial trial judge grant…

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Opinion of the Court
DOWNEY, Judge.

DOWNEY, Judge.

We have for review four non-final orders, which, in great measure, are the not unusual result of the rotation system of judges in the trial court.

This litigation arose when Hyman B. Hendler, Alvin Schwartz, and Betty Kish, individually and on behalf of other stockholders similarly situated, filed their complaint against the directors and officers of Southward Ventures, Inc., Louis Chesler, and Marc-Jay Investments, Inc., and others, seeking 1) damages for certain described fraudulent conduct, 2) an accounting, 3) an injunction, and other relief. After an evidentiary hearing, the original trial judge (whom we will refer to as the predecessor judge) entered orders in October and November, 1981, which are the subject of the appeals in Case Nos. 81-2123 and 81-2306. In said orders the court a) granted a temporary injunction against the directors and officers of Southward Ventures, Inc., prohibiting them from paying to defendant, Marc-Jay Investments, Inc., more than $5,452,000 on a claimed debt of $8,487,000, b) appointed a receiver or judicial liquidator to preserve the assets of Southward pending its dissolution, and c) certified the plaintiffs as a class. From said orders the officers and directors, Louis Chesler, Marc-Jay Investments, and Cliff Mount Investments, filed the aforesaid non-final appeals.

Effective December 1,1981, the predecessor judge was rotated out to the criminal division of the court and a successor judge was rotated in.

On December 31, 1981, Southward filed a motion for extraordinary relief, contending that it was not a party to the proceedings but was affected by the prior orders of the court.

Therefore, Southward sought leave to intervene as a defendant and requested that all prior orders be vacated and the complaint be dismissed. In addition, Southward sought the discharge of counsel for the plaintiffs based upon an alleged conflict of interest in that said counsel was also representing Southward in other pending litigation. A hearing was held in January, 1982, at which the successor judge heard argument on the aforesaid motions but testimony was adduced only as to the motion for disqualification of counsel. The motion to intervene as a party defendant was granted. Thereafter, on March 18, 1982, the successor judge entered an order (the subject of the appeal in Case No. 82-639), in which, among other things, the court said:

The Complaint filed by the Plaintiffs in this cause is hereby dismissed. The Plaintiffs shall have twenty (20) days to file an amended Complaint. Since SOUTHWARD VENTURES, INC. was not a party to the cause at the time of the injunction hearing, the said Defendant SOUTHWARD VENTURES, INC.’s Motion to dissolve the temporary injunction as it pertains to said Defendant, SOUTHWARD VENTURES, INC., and to discharge the judicial receiver, is hereby granted, and the said receiver, Sam Phillips, Esq., is hereby discharged. This is not an adjudication by this Court on the merits of the appropriateness of a receiver. The Plaintiffs, should they choose to appropriately plead in the amended Complaint for a receiver and an injunction, will be granted a hearing thereon in accordance with the appropriate rules.

In addition, the order removed counsel for plaintiffs pursuant to the motion to disqualify him.

Since the effect of the successor judge’s order of March 18, 1982, was to change the orders of October and November, 1981, while they were lodged in this court on appeal, a motion was filed here requesting relinquishment of jurisdiction to the trial court to further consider the matters involved in the March 18, 1982, order. Upon relinquishment of jurisdiction, the trial court entered an order on June 1,1982, that was identical to the order of March 18, 1982. The June 1,1982, order is the subject of the appeal in Case No. 82-1453. We are of the view that the two appeals from the predecessor judge’s orders of October and November, 1981, became moot upon entry of the successor judge’s order of June 1, 1982, unless the latter order was reversed. The appeal in Case No. 82-639 became moot upon the entry of the order of June 1, 1982, when the trial court once again had jurisdiction to enter the order.

Thus, we turn our attention to the June 1, 1982, order which dismissed the complaint with leave to amend, dissolved the injunction as to Southward, discharged the judicial liquidator, and disqualified counsel for the plaintiffs. As to that order, it is immediately apparent that the only aspect thereof that is subject to a non-final appeal under Florida Appellate Rule 9.130(a) is the dissolution of the temporary injunction. The dismissal of the complaint with leave to amend and the discharge of the judicial liquidator and the disqualification of counsel are not reviewable as a non-final appeal pursuant to Rule 9.130(a).

Nor does the fact that the dissolution of the temporary injunction is contained in the same order make the remainder of the questions contained therein reviewable under that rule. Cruse v. Cruse, 373 So. 2d 440 (Fla. 3rd DCA 1979).

However, we elected to review the disqualification of counsel by writ of common law certiorari.

Having considered all of the plaintiffs’ arguments, both procedural and substantive, pertaining to the dissolution of the temporary injunction and the disqualification of counsel, we affirm the dissolution of the temporary injunction noting, however, that the right to a new temporary injunction and appointment of a judicial liquidator upon the filing of an amended complaint is an open question. We also find no reason to quash the aspect of the order in question removing counsel for the plaintiffs.

Accordingly, the order of June 1, 1982, is affirmed in the respects indicated above and the petition for writ of certiorari is denied.

LETTS, C.J., and HURLEY, J., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Neubauer v. Hort Soper, 463 So. 2d 328 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985)
    …to disqualify trial counsel from serving as counsel of record in this cause for respondents. Our review reveals that said lawyer and law firm have substantial conflicts of interest which necessitate their recusal from this case. Chesler v. Hendler, 428 So. 2d 730 (Fla. 4th DCA 1983); The Florida Bar v. Moore, 194 So. 2d 264 (Fla.1966); Florida Code of Professional Responsibility, EC5-14 and DR5-105 (1984). We accept jurisdiction and grant certiora-ri. The orders in question are quashed and the cause remand…
  • Consultants & Designers & Cigna Cos. v. Brown, 677 So. 2d 915 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996)
    …pal v. Pelot, 469 So. 2d 949 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985) (defendants may not appeal denial of motion to dismiss for lack of standing simply because ruling was made in same order that granted plaintiffs’ request for temporary injunction); Chesler v. Hendler, 428 So. 2d 730 (Fla. 4th DCA) (fact that order dissolved temporary injunction did not permit interlocutory appeal of other issues adjudicated in same order), review denied, 437 So. 2d 677 (Fla.1983); Cruse v. Cruse, 373 So. 2d 440 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979) (fact that ord…
  • Wyndham Vacation Resorts, Inc. v. Timeshares Direct, Inc., 123 So. 3d 1149 (Fla. 5th DCA 2012)
    …798 So. 2d 820 (Fla. 1st DCA 2001); Supal v. Pelot, 469 So. 2d 949 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985). The procedural limitations imposed by the rules do not permit review of “tag along” orders contained within reviewable non-final orders. See Chester v. Hendler, 428 So. 2d 730, 732 (Fla. 4th DCA 1983) ("Nor does the fact that the dissolution of the temporary injunction is contained in the same order make the remainder of the questions contained therein reviewable under that rule”).…

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