JAMES VALDES, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1983-12-14
No. AP-226
THOMPSON and WIGGINTON, JJ., concur.
443 So. 2d 221 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1983) Positive Treatment
Cited by 18 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.


Holding

The court held that the State need not prove the existence of an actual destructive device to convict under Section 790.162, Florida Statutes, and that the identification procedures were not impermissibly suggestive.


Headnotes

[1] A conviction under Section 790.162, Florida Statutes (1981), does not require proof of an actual destructive device; it is sufficient to prove the defendant threatened to…

[2] The legislative intent of a statute must be given effect, and interpretations leading to absurd or purposeless results should be avoided.

Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

The defendant was convicted of attempted unarmed robbery and threatening to throw a destructive device. The victim was accosted by a man who threatene…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
MILLS, Judge.

MILLS, Judge.

Valdes was convicted for attempted unarmed robbery and for threatening to throw, place, or discharge a destructive device in violation of Section 790.162, Florida Statutes (1981). He contends on appeal that the State failed to prove an essential element of Section 790.162 and that the trial court should have suppressed an eyewitness identification of him. We do not agree and affirm.

Peggy Burroughs was working as a teller at the walkup window of the Florida National Bank in downtown Jacksonville when she was accosted by a man who approached the window with one hand in his jacket pocket. He showed her a brown paper bag and a note indicating that the bag contained a bomb which he would detonate if she pushed the alarm. He demanded cash in denominations of one hundred, fifty, and twenty dollar bills, but before Burroughs could comply with his demand he fled the scene. As it turned out, the bag contained only a crushed grapefruit juice can and a flashlight battery.

Burroughs was able to observe the man for five to ten minutes from a distance of two to two and one-half feet. She describ ed him as a black male between 40 and 50 years of age, wearing a black, curly wig and a woman’s red jacket.

Approximately two weeks after the incident, an FBI agent showed Burroughs a photo spread containing a picture of the defendant, James Valdes. The quality of the photographs in this spread was very poor, however, because it was merely a photocopy of a series of photographs. Burroughs was unable to make an identification from this set of photographs.

The next day, a detective from the Jacksonville Sheriffs Office showed Burroughs a set of six color photographs, one of which was a photograph of Valdes. After twice looking over the photographs, she identified Valdes as the man who had attempted to rob her. She later identified Valdes both at the suppression hearing and at trial.

Valdes contends that his motion for judgment of acquittal should have been granted as to that count of the information charging him with violating Section 790.162. It is contended that Section 790.162 requires the State to prove that a defendant acted with intent to cause bodily harm or property damage and that since the bag contained no actual destructive device he could not have had such an intent. In support of his contention, Valdes relies upon the rule of statutory construction that criminal statutes are to be strictly construed in favor of the accused. Section 775.021(1), Florida Statutes (1981).

The rule of construction urged by Valdes is subordinate to the rule that the intention of the legislature must be given effect. State ex rel. Washington v. Rivkind, 350 So. 2d 575 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977). Further, “construction of a statute which would lead to an absurd or unreasonable result or would render a statute purposeless should be avoided.” State v. Webb, 398 So. 2d 820, 824 (Fla.1981). Under the construction of the statute urged by Valdes, it would be virtually impossible for the State to obtain a conviction where no actual destructive device was involved. We do not believe that the legislature intended such an absurd result.

Moreover, this issue has been resolved adversely to Valdes in Reid v. State, 405 So. 2d 500 (Fla. 2d DCA 1981). We agree with the Second District and hold that in order to obtain a conviction under Section 790.162, Florida Statutes (1981), the State need not prove the existence of an actual destructive device. It is sufficient that the State prove that the defendant threatened to throw, place, or discharge a destructive device with the stated intent to do bodily harm to any person or with the stated intent to do damage to any property of any person, regardless of whether the defendant had the actual ability to carry out that threat.

It is further contended that the out-of-court identification procedures utilized in the case were impermissibly suggestive and resulted in a substantial likelihood of irreparable misidentification. Grant v. State, 390 So. 2d 341 (Fla.1980). Assuming for the sake of argument that the procedures were impermissibly suggestive, we do not believe that under the facts of this case there was a substantial likelihood of irreparable misidentification. Burroughs was able to view the suspect for five to ten minutes from a distance of two to two and one-half feet. Further, the photo lineup was presented to her at a time when the incident was still fresh in her memory. Therefore, the trial court was correct in denying Valdes’ motion to suppress the identification testimony.

AFFIRMED.

THOMPSON and WIGGINTON, JJ., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Valdes v. State, 765 So. 2d 774 (Fla. 1st DCA 2000)
    …ttempted robbery charge and to a consecutive sentence of thirty years on the destructive device charge. The defendant filed a direct appeal to this court asserting several alleged trial errors, but his convictions were affirmed. See Valdes v. State, 443 So. 2d 221 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983). After our decision in the direct appeal, the supreme court decided in Hale v. State, 630 So. 2d 521 (Fla.1993) that the habitual offender statute does not permit consecutive habitual offender sentences for multiple offenses aris…
  • Booker T. Lincoln v. Fla. Parole Comm'n, 643 So. 2d 668 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994)
    …n 775.021(1), Florida Statutes (1988 Supp.), rings hollow. Ineligibility for release is no favor to the accused. In any event, this rule of construction does not mean that the intention of the Legislature should not be given effect. Valdes v. State, 443 So. 2d 221 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983), review denied, 450 So. 2d 489 (Fla.1984). Although strict construction of penal statutes is appropriate, no statute should be construed so as to defeat the intention of the Legislature. State ex rel. Washington v. Rivkind, 350 S…
  • Valdes v. State, 443 So. 2d 223 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983)
    …narmed robbery and for threatening to throw, place, or discharge a destructive device in violation of Section 790.162, Florida Statutes (1981). Two of the points which he raises on appeal were raised and found to be without merit in Valdes v. State, 443 So. 2d 221 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983). Likewise, we find no merit in the additional points raised here and we affirm. Betty Jean Plaster was a teller at the walkup window of the Barnett Bank on Adams and Laura Streets in Jacksonville when a man approached the window…

Previewing 3 of 9 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Authorities Cited

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw