INVESTMENT AND INCOME REALTY, INC., ETC., APPELLANT,
v.
PEGGY BENTLEY, APPELLEE
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The court held that Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.090(e), which adds five days to mail delivery periods, applies to landlord notices to pay rent or vacate under the Landlord and Tenant Act. Because the landlord failed to allow the additional five days when mailing the notice, the eviction action was premature and properly dismissed.
Yes, Rule 1.090(e) applies to notices delivered by mail under section 83.56(3). When a landlord elects to mail the notice rather than hand deliver it, the landlord must add five additional days to the three-day notice period before a cause of action accrues. The eviction action was properly dismissed as premature because the landlord failed to comply with this requirement.
[1] Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.090(e), which adds five days for service by mail, applies to notices of overdue rent and demand for payment mailed under Florida Statute…
[2] A landlord's action for eviction is premature if the statutory notice period, extended by rules governing service by mail, has not yet expired.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“When a party to a civil action conducts service by mail, an additional five days must be added to the period of time designated for response or compliance. Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.090(e).”
Establishes the core rule that applies to the landlord's mailed notice
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceInvestment and Income Realty, Inc. was the landlord of residential property rented to Peggy Bentley. When rent became overdue, the landlord mailed a n…
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UPCHURCH, Judge.
The County Court for Orange County has certified two questions pursuant to Florida Rule of Appellate Procedure 9.160(e)(2) as matters of great public importance. The trial court held that a landlord’s action for eviction was premature because Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.090(e), which applies to delivery of notice by mail, extended the three day notice period required by sections 83.56(3) and (4), Florida Statutes (1983) of the Landlord and Tenant Act. We agree.
Appellant, Investment and Income Realty, Inc., is the landlord of residential property that was rented to tenant/appellee, Peggy Bentley, under a written lease. The lease provided that the rent installments were due on the first day of each month. On February 5, 1985, the landlord mailed the tenant a notice of overdue rent and demanded payment by February 11, 1985, which was four days, excluding a weekend, from the date of mailing. According to the notice, failure to pay within the time limit would result in the tenant’s eviction. When no payment was received, the landlord filed an action for eviction on February 15, 1985.
After calculating additional time for mailing, the trial court concluded that the landlord was not entitled to file for eviction because his cause of action had not yet accrued. Upon the landlord’s motion, the county court certified the following question:
Does rule 1.090(e) of the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure apply to the delivery of the notice to pay rent or vacate that is mailed under the authority of Florida Statute 83.56(3)?
We agree with the trial court and answer the question in the affirmative. A landlord is statutorily authorized to terminate a rental agreement after a tenant fails to comply within three days to a written demand for payment of rent, § 83.56(3) Fla. Stat. (1983). Delivery of the landlord’s demand is governed by section 83.56(4), Florida Statutes (1983), which provides:
The delivery of the written notices required by subsections (1), (2) and (3) shall be by mailing or delivery of a true copy thereof or, if the tenant is absent from his last or usual place of residence, by leaving a copy thereof at the residence.
Under this section, the landlord had three choices: 1) hand delivery, 2) mailing, 3) or leaving a copy at the tenant’s usual place of residence. When a party to a civil action conducts service by mail, an additional five days must be added to the period of time designated for response or compliance. Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.090(e). See Berry v. Clement, 346 So. 2d 105 (Fla.2d DCA 1977). Having elected to mail the notice, the landlord had to allow the mailing time required by rule 1.090(e). A statutory cause of action cannot be commenced until the claimant has complied with all the conditions precedent. Perry-Morse Seed Co. v. Hitchcock, 426 So. 2d 958 (Fla.1983). Since the landlord failed to comply with the notice requirements, this action was properly dismissed. We conclude that this holding will not contradict the legislative intent of expediting landlord/tenant disputes but will result in tenants who receive notice by mail being treated similarly to those who receive notice by the other forms of delivery.
We decline to answer the second certified question as to whether section 83.56(5), Florida Statutes (1983) precludes a landlord from inserting a provision in the lease which allows him to accept late or partial rent from a tenant without waiving his right to evict. Since the case was dismissed on procedural grounds, the decision of the lower court did not rest upon this question. A prior judicial determination of the certified question is necessary before an appellate court may properly be called upon to answer it. First National Bank and Trust Co. v. Great American Insurance Co., 257 So. 2d 73 (Fla.2d DCA 1972). Accordingly, the trial court’s order of dismissal is
AFFIRMED.
DAUKSCH and SHARP, JJ., concur.
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Northwoods Sports Med. & Physical Rehab., Inc. v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. & USAA Cas. Ins. Co., 137 So. 3d 1049 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014)…cise our discretionary jurisdiction over a county court appeal is that a “prior judicial determination of the certified question is necessary before an appellate court may properly be called upon to answer it.” Inv. & Income Realty, Inc. v. Bentley, 480 So. 2d 219, 221 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985). In other words, where the county court has not ruled on the issue, the appellate court should not rule on it in the first instance. Otherwise, we would be issuing an advisory opinion, something we do not have jurisdiction t…
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Bell v. Kornblatt, 705 So. 2d 113 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998)…nce with the statutory notice requirement is merely a condition precedent to an eviction action under part II of Chapter 83. See Baker v. Clifford-Mathew Inv. Co., 99 Fla. 1229, 128 So. 827, 830 (1930); Investment and Income Realty, Inc. v. Bentley, 480 So. 2d 219, 220 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985). Failure of a plaintiff landlord to deliver any written notice under part II of Chapter 83 would not deprive the court of the power to adjudicate the case. This court has previously held that a three-day notice under an ear…
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Charles Redi-Mix, Inc. v. Phillips, 580 So. 2d 166 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991)…While I concur with the majority as to the issue on cross appeal, I respectfully dissent as to the service issue raised. I think that Greer v. Estate of Smith, 342 So. 2d 1007 (Fla. 4th DCA 1977) and Investment and Income Realty, Inc. v. Bentley, 480 So. 2d 219 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985) are analogous situations and require the application of Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.090(e) to this case. Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.010 states: These rules apply to all actions of a civil nature and all special s…1 / 2
Previewing 3 of 8 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Berry v. The Honorable C. Archie Clement, 346 So. 2d 105 (Fla. 2d DCA 1977)
- Ferry-Morse Seed Co. v. Hitchcock, 426 So. 2d 958 (Fla. 1983)
- The First Nat'l Bank & Tr. Co. v. Great Am. Ins. Co., 257 So. 2d 73 (Fla. 2d DCA 1972)