ALLEN C. CLARK, TAX COLLECTOR OF PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA, REBECCA WALKER, PROPERTY APPRAISER OF PALM BEACH COUNTY, AND RANDY MILLER, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA, PETITIONERS,
v.
HONORABLE JACK H. COOK, CIRCUIT COURT JUDGE, AND NEW PLAN REALTY TRUST, RESPONDENTS

Fla. 4th DCA | 1985-11-27
No. 85-991
DOWNEY and ANSTEAD, JJ„ concur.
481 So. 2d 929 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1985) Negative Treatment
Cited by 21 cases

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Synopsis

The Florida District Court of Appeal granted a petition for prohibition against a circuit court judge, requiring dismissal of a tax assessment challenge brought by a property owner. The court held that the property owner failed to comply with jurisdictional prerequisites under Florida Statutes § 194.171, specifically the requirement to pay admitted taxes and file suit within 60 days of tax roll certification.


Holding

The court held that the circuit court lacked jurisdiction because the property owner failed to comply with the mandatory jurisdictional requirements of § 194.171(2) and (3): filing within 60 days of tax roll certification and paying admitted taxes before commencing the action. Late tender of payment could not restore jurisdiction once lost.


Headnotes

[1] A circuit court lacks jurisdiction to hear a property tax assessment contest if the taxpayer fails to file the action within 60 days of the assessment's certification for…

[2] A taxpayer must pay the amount of tax admitted in good faith to be owing to the tax collector before filing an action to contest a tax assessment.

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Key Quotes

“No court shall have jurisdiction in such cases until after the requirements of both subsections (2) and (3) have been met. A court shall lose jurisdiction of a case when the taxpayer has failed to comply with the requirements of subsection (5).”

Establishes that the statutory requirements are jurisdictional prerequisites, not mere procedural conditions.

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Facts & Procedural History

The tax roll was certified on November 16, 1984. A property owner filed an action challenging its tax assessment on January 15, 1985—more than 60 days…

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Opinion of the Court
GLICKSTEIN, Judge.

GLICKSTEIN, Judge.

This is a petition by the Tax Collector of Palm Beach County, seeking this court’s order, prohibiting the trial judge from further exercise of his jurisdiction in an action brought by a property owner against the tax collector, the county property appraiser and the executive director of the Department of Revenue. We grant the relief and direct the trial judge to enter an order of dismissal with prejudice against the property owner. We have realigned the parties, upon request of the property appraiser and executive director, reflecting them to be co-petitioners.

The issue is not complex. Section 194.-171, Florida Statutes (1983), is clear to us, saying:

194.171 Circuit court to have original jurisdiction in tax cases.—

(1) The circuit courts have original jurisdiction at law of all matters relating to property taxation. Venue is in the county where the property is located.

(2) No action shall be brought to contest a tax assessment after 60 days from the date the assessment being contested is certified for collection under s. 193.-122(2), or after 60 days from the date a decision is rendered concerning such assessment by the property appraisal adjustment board if a petition contesting the assessment had not received final action by the property appraisal adjustment board prior to extension of the roll under s. 197.0134.

(3) Before a taxpayer may bring an action to contest a tax assessment, he shall pay to the collector not less than the amount of the tax which he admits in good faith to be owing. The collector shall issue a receipt for the payment, and the taxpayer shall file the receipt with his complaint.

(4) Payment of a tax shall not be deemed an admission that the tax was due and shall not prejudice the right of a taxpayer to bring a timely action as provided in subsection (2) to challenge such tax and seek a refund.

(5) No action to contest a tax assessment may be maintained, and any such action shall be dismissed, unless all taxes on the property assessed in years after the action is brought, which the taxpayer in good faith admits to be owing, are paid before they become delinquent.

(6) The requirements of subsections (2), (3), and (5) are jurisdictional. No court shall have jurisdiction in such cases until after the requirements of both subsections (2) and (3) have been met. A court shall lose jurisdiction of a case when the taxpayer has failed to comply with the requirements of subsection (5).

It was incumbent upon the property owner to file its action and pay what it considered to be owing in taxes within sixty days of the tax roll’s certification. We know that the tax roll was certified on November 16, 1984. We also know that the property owner filed its action in the trial court on January 15, 1985. Finally, we know that the property owner did not tender to the tax collector what it admitted in good faith to be owing until January 30, 1985. By then the action was legally dead for lack of jurisdiction; the late tender could not breathe life back into the action, even were we to construe the statute so as to permit tender of payment, and refusal of tender, to be the equivalent of actual payment for the purpose of deciding a motion to dismiss.

Prior to July 1, 1983, the controlling statute did not contain subsection (6). Accordingly, the trial court erred if its questioned orders relied upon pre-statute decisions.

DOWNEY and ANSTEAD, JJ„ concur.


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Citator

Cited By (11 total)

  • Markham v. Moriarty, 575 So. 2d 1307 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991)
    …tion by failing to dismiss a cause of action contesting a tax assessment where the jurisdiction requirements of section 194.171 are not met. Markham v. Hinckley, 544 So. 2d 1139 (Fla. 4th DCA), rev. denied, 553 So. 2d 1164 (Fla.1989); Clark v. Cook, 481 So. 2d 929 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985). Section 194.171, Florida Statutes provides in part: (emphasis added) (2) No action shall be brought to contest a tax assessment after 60 days from the date the assessment being contested [*1309] is certified for collection und…
  • State v. The Honorable Leonard L. Stafford, 646 So. 2d 803 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994)
    …use the sixty-day filing period for contesting a tax assessment of subsection 194.171(2) had not been met. See also Markham v. Hinckley, 544 So. 2d 1139 (Fla. 4th DCA), rev. denied sub nom. Bond v. Markham, 553 So. 2d 1164 (Fla.1989); Clark v. Cook, 481 So. 2d 929 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985). The sixty-day requirement of subsection 194.171(2) has been strictly enforced as a jurisdictional statute of nonclaim, even where the authority to assess is challenged on constitutional grounds or the assessment is attacked as v…
  • Markham v. Honorable Harry G. Hinckley, Jr., 544 So. 2d 1139 (Fla. 4th DCA 1989)
    …t Bond concedes that he did not make timely payment of his good faith tax deposit for the calendar year 1987. However, he claims that based on his equitable defenses the trial court correctly denied petitioners’ motion to dismiss. In Clark v. Cook, 481 So. 2d 929 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985), the taxpayer timely filed an action to contest a tax assessment. However, the taxpayer did not make his good faith tender of the taxes due until more than sixty days had expired after certification of the tax roll. This court gr…

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