WILLIAM MARKHAM, AS BROWARD COUNTY PROPERTY APPRAISER, APPELLANT,
v.
JUNE ROSE, A PARTNERSHIP, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1986-10-08
No. 85-962
GUNTHER, J., concurs., WALDEN, J., dissents without opinion.
495 So. 2d 865 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1986) Positive Treatment
Cited by 4 cases

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Holding

The trial court erred in reversing the property appraiser's denial of agricultural classification because the evidence did not support a good faith commercial agricultural use and the court failed to apply the presumption of correctness afforded to the appraiser's determination.


Headnotes

[1] A property owner challenging a tax assessor's denial of agricultural classification bears the burden of proving entitlement by excluding every reasonable hypothesis that…

[2] A trial court errs by basing its decision on subjective factors such as preserving green space or providing notice to the taxpayer to improve the land, rather than on the…

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Facts & Procedural History

The property appraiser denied agricultural classification for a portion of the appellee's land, which was uncultivated and overgrown, despite a cattle…

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Opinion of the Court
HERSEY, Chief Judge.

HERSEY, Chief Judge.

The Broward County Property Appraiser’s denial of agricultural classification for a seventy-one-acre portion of appellee’s property for the year 1984 was reversed by the trial court, precipitating this appeal.

It is established that the remainder of appellee’s parcel was under cattle lease and qualified for agricultural treatment under section 193.461, Florida Statutes (1983). The parcel in issue here, although under the same cattle lease, was basically uncultivated and overgrown with brush and trees. The tenant under the cattle lease testified that there was a water hole located on the parcel and “There is (sic) cows on it.” Both the lessor and the tenant testified that they had never been given notice that, unless the property was cleared, the agricultural classification would not be continued. Testimony submitted on behalf of the property appraiser, including an aerial photograph, shows the land to be heavily wooded and overgrown, with almost no open land and no evidence of cattle.

The final judgment must be reversed for any one of at least three different reasons.

The parties pose the issue thusly:

WHETHER FINAL JUDGMENT IS UNSUPPORTED BY COMPETENT AND SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE OR OTHERWISE CONSTITUTES AN ABUSE OF DISCRETION.

Even if this were the applicable standard of review, we would be required to reverse. There is no substantial, competent evidence on this record even to support a finding that the land was capable of supporting a cattle grazing operation. Further, even assuming the evidence did tend to indicate some use for cattle grazing, that would not be sufficient to establish that there was a “good faith commercial agricultural use of the land.” § 193.-461(3)(b), Fla.Stat. (1983) (emphasis added); Walden v. Fletcher Ave. Development. Corp., 313 So. 2d 65 (Fla. 2d DCA 1975).

Still assuming the standard of review to be as postulated by the parties, it is clear that the trial court did not find the evidence supportive of a finding that the property was presently subjected to active agricultural use as contemplated by the statute. The emphasis of the trial court’s analysis was placed upon two subjective factors: first, the court’s perceived need to preserve green space against encroachment by the concrete jungle; and second, the desirability of providing the taxpayer with notice and an opportunity to clear the land and put it to agricultural use before the next tax year. These objectives are commendable, but irrelevant under the circumstances, and we therefore conclude that the trial court erred in its analysis.

Finally, the judgment below does not stand or fall, depending upon whether it is supported by substantial, competent evidence. In a somewhat different procedural context, this court held that where the property appraiser’s determination of value is lawfully formulated, that valuation “enjoys a presumption of correctness which accompanies it to the trial court and upon subsequent appeal.” Vero Beach Shores, Inc. v. Nolte, 467 So. 2d 1041, 1044 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985). Application of the presumption places a heavy, but an appropriate, burden on one who challenges a determination made by the property appraiser (formerly known as the tax assessor).

Thus, in Straughn v. Tuck, 354 So. 2d 368, 371 (Fla.1977), our supreme court recognized that: “Tax assessors are constitutional officers and as such their actions are clothed with the presumption of correctness. One asserting error on the part of the tax assessor must show by ‘proof that every reasonable hypothesis has been excluded which would support the tax assessor.” The court went on to find that the taxpayers had not met their burden of showing entitlement to an agricultural classification where their land was “in its natural, unimproved state. There is ample evidence upon which the tax assessor could have found that the land was not being used for an agricultural purpose.” Id. at 371.

In the recent case of Daniel v. Stone, 481 So. 2d 1251, (Fla. 2d DCA 1986), the second district, based upon the burden of proof set forth in Straughn, reversed the trial court’s agricultural classification of fifteen wooded acres and a one-acre home-site where the only evidence of agricultural pursuits was the keeping of chickens and game fowl and the growing of a variety of a potato, apparently in an unwooded area. The appellate court noted that the trial judge himself had indicated that he did not think these activities were sufficient to support an agricultural classification, but apparently concluded that because another portion of the property had been designated agricultural, this tract should also be classified as such.

In the present case, the presumption of correctness should have been but was not applied by the trial court in reviewing the property appraiser’s denial of agricultural classification for the property in question.

For all of the foregoing reasons, we reverse and remand with directions that the denial of agricultural classification by the Broward County Property Appraiser be reinstated.

REVERSED AND REMANDED.

GUNTHER, J., concurs.

WALDEN, J., dissents without opinion.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Bystrom v. BAL Harbour 101 Condo. Ass'n, Inc., 502 So. 2d 1312 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987)
    …its entitlement to be presumed correct. Since the Appraiser substantially complied with section 193.011, his valuation is entitled to the same presumption of correctness on appeal of the trial court’s judgment as it was below. Markham v. June Rose, 495 So. 2d 865 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986); see also Nolte, 467 So. 2d at 1041. Therefore, the mere fact that the taxpayers disagree with either the weight to be accorded each factor or the method to be utilized in arriving at the valuation of the property is not a suffic…
  • …art of the [property] appraiser must show by ‘proof’ that every reasonable hypothesis has been excluded which would support the property appraiser, (citation omitted).” Straughn v. Tuck, 354 So. 2d 368, 371 (Fla.1977). See also Markham v. June Rose, 495 So. 2d 865, 866 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986). However, although it is presumed that the determinations of property appraisers are correct, the presumption is re-buttable. If the taxpayer can demonstrate that the property appraiser abused his discretion or failed to fo…

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