MICHAEL MORALES

v.

HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY SHERIFF’S OFFICE, ET AL.

Defendant Officer Jane Doe moves to quash service of process. (Doc. 19). Plaintiff Michael Morales opposes the motion. (Doc. 32).

On September 12, 2025, Mr. Morales filed his Amended Complaint against Officer Doe. (Doc. 6). On September 19, 2025, a Summons in a Civil Action was issued as to Officer Doe. (Doc. 7). On September 26, 2025, the Summons and Amended Complaint addressed to Officer Doe was served on "Jessie Eaton (Legal)” at the Hillsborough County Sheriff's Office address at “2008 E. 8th Ave., Tampa, FL 33605," per the Process Receipt and Return. (Doc. 10).

"As a general matter, fictitious-party pleading is not permitted in federal court.” Vielma v. Gruler, 808 F. App'x 872, 880 (11th Cir. 2020). “[P]recedent has allowed plaintiffs to sue real parties under fictitious names only when use [fn 1]: of a 'John Doe' label is, ‘at the very worst, surplusage' because the plaintiff's description of the defendant is ‘sufficiently clear to allow service of process." Id. quoting Dean v. Barber, 951 F. 2d 1210, 1215–16 & n.6 (11th Cir. 1992). In his Amended Complaint, Mr. Morales describes Officer Doe as a law enforcement officer whose identity is unknown. This description fails to describe Officer Doe “with enough specificity to enable service of process." Vielma, 808 F. App'x at 880.

In addition, Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(e) states:

(e) Serving an Individual Within a Judicial District of the United States. Unless federal law provides otherwise, an individual--other than a minor, an incompetent person, or a person whose waiver has been filed--may be served in a judicial district of the United States by:
(1) following state law for serving a summons in an action brought in courts of general jurisdiction in the state where the district court is located or where service is made; or
(2) doing any of the following:
(A) delivering a copy of the summons and of the complaint to the individual personally;
(B) leaving a copy of each at the individual's dwelling or usual place of abode with someone of suitable age and discretion who resides there; or
(C) delivering a copy of each to an agent authorized by appointment or by law to receive service of process.

Mr. Morales did not personally serve Officer Doe, nor was a copy left at Officer Doe's dwelling or usual place of abode. “Jessie Eaton (Legal)" is not an agent authorized by appointment or by law to receive service of process. Instead, service of process was attempted via substitute service at Officer Doe's place of employment. (Doc. 10). As such, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure requirements are not met.

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(e) also permits service by the laws of the state where the action is pending. Section 48.031(1)(a), Fla Stat., states:

Service of original process is made by delivering a copy of it to the person to be served with a copy of the complaint, petition, or other initial pleading or paper or by leaving the copies at his or her usual place of abode with any person residing therein who is 15 years of age or older and informing the person of their contents. Minors who are or have been married shall be served as provided in this section.

Again, Mr. Morales did not personally serve Officer Doe or leave a copy of the Amended Complaint at Officer Doe's usual place of abode. (Doc. 12). As such, service of process fails to comply with Florida law.

Accordingly, Officer Doe's motion to quash service of process (Doc. 19) is GRANTED. Mr. Morales may serve Officer Doe with proper specificity by December 18, 2025. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m).

ORDERED in Tampa, Florida, on November 18, 2025.

Amanda Arnold Samone

AMANDA ARNOLD SANSONE

United States Magistrate Judge