RICHARD JENKINS, PETITIONER,
v.
THE HONORABLE ERWIN FLEET, JUDGE OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE FIRST JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, IN AND FOR OKALOOSA COUNTY, FLORIDA, RESPONDENT; MEGANNE DINEEN (OURSO), PETITIONER, V. THE HONORABLE ERWIN FLEET, JUDGE OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE FIRST JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, IN AND FOR OKALOOSA COUNTY, FLORIDA, RESPONDENT; MEGANNE DINEEN (OURSO), PETITIONER, V. THE HONORABLE ERWIN FLEET, JUDGE OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE FIRST JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, IN AND FOR OKALOOSA COUNTY, FLORIDA, RESPONDENT
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The Florida District Court of Appeal granted petitions for writs of prohibition against Judge Erwin Fleet, holding that he violated disqualification rules by passing on the truth of facts alleged in disqualification motions rather than merely determining their legal sufficiency. The court held that motions to disqualify that are legally sufficient must be granted without the judge adjudicating the underlying factual disputes.
The motions for disqualification should have been granted because Judge Fleet violated the disqualification rules by passing on the truth of the facts alleged. Under Florida Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 1.432(d), a judge presented with a legally sufficient disqualification motion must enter an order of disqualification without adjudicating the underlying factual disputes.
[1] A judge presented with a motion for disqualification shall not pass on the truth of the facts alleged nor adjudicate the question of disqualification.
[2] A judge's disqualification rule, limiting the trial judge to a determination of legal sufficiency, is designed to prevent an adversarial atmosphere between the judge and…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“a judge who is presented with a motion for his disqualification "shall not pass on the truth of the facts alleged nor adjudicate the question of disqualification."”
Establishes the core rule that judges must determine only legal sufficiency, not the truthfulness of alleged facts in disqualification motions
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceTwo groups of litigants filed motions to disqualify Judge Fleet, supported by affidavits from the litigants and their attorneys describing a feud betw…
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PER CURIAM.
We have for our consideration petitions for writ of prohibition seeking, in effect, review of Judge Fleet’s orders, wherein he denied motions to disqualify himself from further presiding over civil actions in which petitioners are parties. Our jurisdiction in such matters is well-established, Bundy v. Rudd, 366 So. 2d 440 (Fla.1978); Mobil v. Trask, 463 So. 2d 389 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985).
Petitioners moved to disqualify Judge Fleet, and those motions and the proceedings that followed, for purposes of our analysis, were virtually identical. The motions were accompanied by affidavits of the individual litigants in question which in turn referred to affidavits, also attached, executed by four partners of the law firm representing the litigants. The attorneys’ affidavits recited at length the history of what can only be characterized as a feud between the attorneys and Judge Fleet. The clients’ affidavits stated that they had reviewed the attorneys’ affidavits and discussed the matter with their lawyers and that, as a result, each client had “formed a well-founded fear and apprehension that I will not receive a fair and impartial trial before Judge Erwin Fleet.” By orders dated June 3, 1988, Judge Fleet denied the motions, finding that they were untimely and that they failed to demonstrate a “well-founded fear that the [movant] will not receive a fair and impartial trial before the undersigned judge notwithstanding any perceptions which [movants’] lawyers may have” (emphasis in originals).
The movants then filed motions for reconsideration of the denials based on remarks made by Judge Fleet and quoted in an article that was published in a local newspaper prior to denial of the motions. In support of the motions, movants attached the affidavit of a client of the Cotton, Wesley firm who was a litigant in a case pending before Judge Fleet. That affidavit described a conversation between the affiant and Judge Fleet’s son, who recommended that the affiant withdraw a motion to disqualify Judge Fleet in her case because she “would probably not be treated fairly in Judge Fleet’s courtroom” if she did not. Thereafter, the judge’s son filed an affidavit denying the described conversation ever occurred. Motion for reconsideration was denied.
We have reviewed this matter under the rule of the Bundy case, which is stated in pertinent part as follows (366 So. 2d at 442):
Regardless of whether respondent ruled correctly in denying the motion for disqualification as legally insufficient, our rules clearly provide, and we have repeatedly held, that a judge who is presented with a motion for his disqualification “shall not pass on the truth of the facts alleged nor adjudicate the question of disqualification.” Fla.R.Crim.P. 3.230(d)_ Our disqualification rule, which limits the trial judge to a bare determination of legal sufficiency, was expressly designed to prevent what occurred in this case — the creation of “an intolerable adversary atmosphere” between the trial judge and the litigant.
While the Bundy decision was premised on the controlling rule of criminal procedure, the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 1.432(d), also expressly provides that the trial judge “shall not pass on the truth of the facts alleged” and shall enter an order of disqualification if the motion is legally sufficient. Accordingly, we hold that the motions for disqualification should have been granted, and relief by prohibition is, therefore, appropriate. We withhold formal issuance of the writ, however, in anticipation of respondent’s voluntary compliance with the terms of this opinion and the assignment of another judge or judges to these cases by the Chief Judge of the First Judicial Circuit.
MILLS, BOOTH and BARFIELD, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
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BAY Bank & Tr. Co. v. Lewis, 634 So. 2d 672 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994)…support of this argument, Petitioners cite Florida eases wherein trial judges were required to disqualify themselves on the basis of strained relations with parties or counsel. James v. Theobald, 557 So. 2d 591 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990); Jenkins v. Fleet, 530 So. 2d 993 (Fla. 1st DCA 1988); Turner v. Cooper, 267 So. 2d 85 (Fla. 4th DCA 1972); Brewton v. Kelly, 166 So. 2d 834 (Fla. 2d DCA 1964). Petitioners argue that Lewis must be disqualified on the grounds alleged in the motion because the conclusion in Lewis’s o…
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Dura-Stress, Inc. v. Honorable William G. LAW, Jr., 634 So. 2d 769 (Fla. 5th DCA 1994)…h less triple hearsay. On the contrary, the affiants in all of the following cases were shown to have some first-hand knowledge of the facts asserted in the affidavits: Deren, supra (movant had personal knowledge of facts alleged); Jenkins v. Fleet, 530 So. 2d 993 (Fla. 1st DCA 1988) (affiants had personal knowledge of facts in affidavits); Hayslip (affiants had personal knowledge of facts set out in affidavit). In Gieseke v. Grossman, 418 So. 2d 1055, 1057 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982), the court disqualified a judge…1 / 2
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Dwight v. Tobin, 947 F.2d 455 (11th Cir. 1991)…the relationship; and (4) that plaintiff suffered damages as a result of the breach of the relationship. Of course, the alleged business relationship must afford the plaintiff existing or prospective legal or contractual rights. Jenkins v. Fleet, 530 So. 2d 993 (Fla.Dist. Ct.App.1988) (emphasis added). Dwight’s claim flounders on the “business relationship” requirement. Since the alleged partnership agreement between Dwight and Tobin is unenforceable under the statute of frauds, it affords no legal or c…
Authorities Cited
- THE Florida BAR v. Sanford Freed, 366 So. 2d 440 (Fla. 1978)
- Lapinell Mobil & Fireman's Fund Am. Ins. Cos. v. The Honorable David L. Trask, 463 So. 2d 389 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985)