MARIA A. PEISACH, PETITIONER,
v.
JOSE M. ANTUNA, II, RESPONDENT
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Maria Peisach sought a protective order to prevent her ex-husband from deposing her former psychiatrist and gynecologists in a custody modification dispute. The Florida District Court of Appeal granted her petition, holding that depositions of a psychiatrist from seven years ago were irrelevant to present custody considerations and violated the psychotherapist-patient privilege, and that depositions of gynecologists invaded privacy interests that outweighed the husband's discovery needs.
The court held that the trial court departed from essential requirements of law in denying the protective order. Deposition of a psychiatrist treating the wife seven years ago is irrelevant to custody modification proceedings, which focus on present circumstances. The psychotherapist-patient privilege under Florida Statutes § 90.503 protects the psychiatrist's testimony; mere allegations of mental instability do not waive the privilege. Regarding the gynecologists, although no privilege applies, the wife's privacy interest in intimate medical matters outweighs the husband's interest in depositions, particularly where a neurologist could better address migraine headaches.
[1] A party seeking modification of a custody order must demonstrate a substantial and material change in circumstances since the prior award, and that a change in custody wo…
[2] Testimony from a psychiatrist who treated a party years ago is not relevant to that party's present ability to care for a child in a custody modification proceeding.
Previewing 2 of 6 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“A custody order can only be modified upon a showing that there has been a substantial and material change in circumstances since the entry of the prior custody award, and that the best interests and welfare of the child will be provided by a change in custody.”
Establishes the legal standard for custody modification, requiring focus on present circumstances rather than historical events
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligencePeisach and Antuna divorced in 1979. In 1987, Peisach sued to enforce child support obligations and increase payments. Antuna filed a counterpetition …
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JORGENSON, Judge.
Maria Peisach petitions for a writ of certiorari from an order of the circuit court which denied her motion for a protective order. For the reasons which follow, we grant the petition, quash the order denying the motion, and remand this cause to the trial court with directions to enter a protective order prohibiting the husband from deposing the wife’s former psychiatrist and gynecologists.
In 1979, Maria Peisach and Jose Antuna were divorced. In November, 1987, the wife sued to enforce the husband’s child-support obligations and to increase the support payments. The husband answered the complaint and filed a counterpetition for modification of the 1979 judgment. He alleged that a substantial change in circumstances required the court to grant him primary custody of the parties’ minor child. The husband alleged, inter alia, that the wife was psychologically unstable and suffered from migraine headaches which prevented her from providing a stable home for the child.
The wife answered the counterpetition, admitted that she underwent psychiatric counselling approximately seven years ago following her divorce from Antuna, and stated that the short-term counselling “enabled her to provide an even more stable, nurturing, and healthy home” for the child.
The trial court ordered the wife and husband to submit to psychological evaluations; the wife has expressed her willingness to comply with that order. The husband sought to depose Dr. Casa-demont, the psychiatrist who treated the wife seven years ago, and Drs. Strassberg, Kennedy, and O’Sullivan, all of whom are gynecologists. The wife moved for a protective order; the trial court denied her motion. The wife petitioned this court for a writ of certiorari. This court stayed the order denying her motion for a protective order and now grants her petition. The trial court departed from the essential requirements of the law when it refused to prohibit the husband from deposing the psychiatrist. “A custody order can only be modified upon a showing that there has been a substantial and material change in circumstances since the entry of the prior custody award, and that the best interests and welfare of the child will be provided by a change in custody.” Adams v. Adams, 385 So. 2d 688, 689 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980) (cites omitted).
At issue, therefore, in custody modification proceedings are the parents’ present circumstances. See, e.g., Ashleman v. Ashleman, 381 So. 2d 364, 365 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980) (“wife’s present ability to cope with day-to-day living” must be established when custody of minor children at issue) (emphasis added); Frye v. Frye, 205 So. 2d 310, 314 (Fla. 4th DCA 1967) (“It is obvious that the changed conditions must bear on the issues of the treatment the children are receiving under the existing custody order”) (emphasis added).
Testimony from a psychiatrist who briefly .treated the wife seven years ago can be of no relevance to the wife’s present ability to care for the child.1 Because the wife has agreed to submit to a psychological examination, the husband and the court will be adequately apprised of her present psychological condition. See Roper v. Roper, 336 So. 2d 654, 656 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976) (“Our courts ... have long relied upon the testimony of court-appointed psychiatrists to determine a person’s mental condition.”) cert. denied, 345 So. 2d 426 (Fla.1977).
Moreover, the trial court’s order permitting the husband to depose Dr. Casa-demont runs afoul of the psychotherapist-patient privilege, section 90.503, Florida Statutes (1987).
The husband claims that the wife waived that privilege by denying allegations of mental instability and stating that the short-term therapy seven years ago had made her an even better parent than she was before the counselling. The husband’s argument is without merit. Mere allegations that the custodial parent is mentally unstable are not sufficient to place the custodial parent’s mental health at issue and overcome the privilege. Roper, 336 So. 2d 654. Likewise, the custodial parent’s denial of allegations of mental instability does not operate as a waiver of the patient-psychotherapist privilege. To hold otherwise would eviscerate the privilege; a party seeking privileged information would obtain it simply by alleging mental infirmity. “If such were the law, no psychiatrist could ever assure his patient of confidentiality.” Roper, 336 So. 2d at 656; see generally Ehrhardt, Florida Evidence, § 503.5 (2d Ed.1984).
The trial court also departed from the essential requirements of the law when it refused to prohibit the husband from deposing the wife’s gynecologists. Although the wife can claim no privilege with respect to her physicians, we can find no reason to allow such an invasion of the wife’s privacy. Courts have the power to regulate discovery; “discovery of relevant, non-privileged information may be limited or prohibited in order to prevent annoyance, embarrassment, oppression or undue burden of expense.” South Fla. Blood Serv. v. Rasmussen, 467 So. 2d 798 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985) (cites omitted), aff'd, 500 So. 2d 533 (Fla.1987); Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.280(c). “In deciding whether a protective order is appropriate in a particular case, the court must balance the competing interests that would be served by granting discovery or by denying it.” Rasmussen v. South Fla. Blood Serv., 500 So. 2d at 535. Here, the husband alleged that the wife suffers from migraine headaches which impair her parental skills and claims that the gynecologists could provide information relevant to this alleged ailment. During the hearing on the motion for a protective order, the trial court opined: “I guess it is amazing what confessions people make to their gy necologist.” The court’s gratuitous observation was without foundation and does not provide any legitimate basis for discovery of such private medical information.
The record indicates that the husband has also sought to depose the wife’s neurologist and that the wife has not objected to this discovery. The neurologist’s testimony is far more likely to shed light on the subject of migraine headaches than any testimony from a gynecologist. The wife’s interest in maintaining her privacy regarding intimate medical matters outweighs the husband’s interest in deposing Drs. Strassberg, Kennedy, and O’Sullivan.
Petition for certiorari granted; order quashed.
. Divorce is an emotionally wrenching experience, whether the parties' relationship was amicable or rancorous. It is, therefore, not a novel proposition that a recently divorced person may need counselling. This is especially true here where the wife's mother died around the time of the divorce. The husband should not be allowed to exploit the wife’s distress following the divorce by attempting to characterize her treatment as a substantial change in circumstances sufficient to support a change in custody.
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Leonard v. Leonard, 673 So. 2d 97 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996)…ssue so as to overcome the privilege.” Oswald v. Diamond, 576 So. 2d 909, 910 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991). See also Mohammad v. Mohammad, 358 So. 2d 610, 613 (Fla. 1st DCA 1978); Schouw v. Schouw, 593 So. 2d 1200, 1201 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992); Peisach v. Antuna, 539 So. 2d 544, 546 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989); Roper v. Roper, 336 So. 2d 654, 656 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976), cert. denied, 345 So. 2d 426 (Fla.1977). By the same token, the custodial parent’s denial of allegations of mental instability does not act as a waiver of the psychoth…
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Cruz-Govin v. Torres, 29 So. 3d 393 (Fla. 3d DCA 2010)…ment a part of the case. Absent these allegations, Cruz-Govin would not have addressed this issue in his case. See C.L. v. Judd, 993 So. 2d 991, 995-96 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007); Leonard v. Leonard, 673 So. 2d 97, 99 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996); Peisach v. Antuna, 539 So. 2d 544, 546 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989); see also Silveus v. Silveus, 807 So. 2d 790 (Fla. 2d DCA 2002) (quashing order directing release of psychological records holding that petitioner did not place her mental health at issue by presenting evidence to counter all…
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Webb v. Webb, 546 So. 2d 1062 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989)…n Webb’s Motion for Confirmation of Custody. Reversed and remanded with directions. . Billie Ann Webb has remarried and is now known as Billie Ann Maas. . In custody proceedings, at issue are the parent’s present circumstances. Peisach v. Antuna, 539 So. 2d 544, 546 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989). The 1978 HRS home study report, prepared eleven years ago, was therefore not relevant to the question of whether Billie Ann Webb is currently a fit parent and should not have been considered by the trial court. Even if the 1…
Previewing 3 of 11 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Rasmussen v. S. Fla. Blood Serv., Inc., 500 So. 2d 533 (Fla. 1987)
- Frye v. Frye, 205 So. 2d 310 (Fla. 4th DCA 1967)
- Adams v. Adams, 385 So. 2d 688 (Fla. 3d DCA 1980)
- Thellie S. Roper v. Roper, 336 So. 2d 654 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976)
- T.L.F. v. State, 467 So. 2d 798 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)
- Ashleman v. Ashleman, 381 So. 2d 364 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980)