MONNIT LOUIS, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 1990-09-25
No. 89-1116
Before FERGUSON, JORGENSON and GODERICH, JJ.
567 So. 2d 38 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1990) Positive Treatment
Cited by 4 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Monnit Louis appeals his conviction for cocaine trafficking, challenging the trial court's denial of his motion to suppress evidence obtained through a consent search and his motion for mistrial based on alleged prejudicial references to his foreign status. The appellate court affirmed the conviction, finding the consent to search was voluntary and any error regarding foreign national references was harmless.


Holding

The trial court did not err in denying the suppression motion because sufficient evidence showed Louis readily speaks and understands English, the police requests were voluntary rather than commands, and consent was obtained twice before the search. The trial court did not err in denying the mistrial motion because defense counsel's own voir dire questions identified Louis as Haitian, and any prejudicial error was harmless given the curative instruction and overwhelming evidence.


Headnotes

[1] The State bears the burden of proving that consent to a search was voluntarily and freely given.

[2] The voluntariness of consent to search is determined by the totality of the circumstances, including the individual's education, age, intelligence, and knowledge.

Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Key Quotes

“When the State relies upon consent to justify a search, it has the burden of proving that the consent was voluntarily and freely given.”

Establishes the legal standard for consent searches that the State must satisfy with clear evidence.

Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

Police officers approached Louis at a train station and asked permission to search his bag, citing concerns about contraband. Louis responded affirmat…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

The defendant, Monnit Louis, appeals from a judgment of conviction for trafficking in cocaine entered upon a jury verdict. We affirm.

The issues presented for review are: (1) whether the trial court erred in denying the motion to suppress the cocaine seized as the result of the search of Monnit Louis’ bag when the defendant alleges he did not voluntarily consent to the search, and (2) whether the trial court erred in denying Monnit Louis’ motion for a mistrial based upon events that allegedly prejudiced Louis by leading the jury to believe that he was a foreigner who did not speak or understand English.

The defendant was at a train station when he was approached by two police officers, Detective Hernandez and Detective Mallia. Detective Hernandez identified himself and Detective Mallia as police officers and asked the defendant for permission to speak with him. Detective Hernandez advised the defendant that there was a problem with contraband being transported through the train station and asked the defendant if he could search his bag. The defendant responded “Sure” or “Yes, go ahead.” Before opening the bag, Detective Hernandez asked the defendant if he was sure that it was okay; the defendant gestured that it was okay. When Detective Hernandez opened the bag, he saw a clear bag that contained what appeared to be rock cocaine. While being transported to the police station, the defendant confessed in English.

When the State relies upon consent to justify a search, it has the burden of proving that the consent was voluntarily and freely given. See State v. Diaz, 549 So. 2d 759 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989), review denied, 560 So. 2d 232 (Fla.1990); State v. Santamaria, 464 So. 2d 197 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985); Restrepo v. State, 438 So. 2d 76 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983). In determining whether the consent was voluntary, the totality of the circumstances must be examined, including such factors as education, age, intelligence and knowledge of the accused. See Restrepo, 438 So. 2d at 77.

Additionally, the State’s burden is heavier when the person searched is a foreigner who does not easily understand the English language. See Id. In view of the particular circumstances in the present case, we find that the trial court did not err in denying the defendant’s motion to suppress.

First, we find that there was sufficient evidence presented at the suppression hearing which indicates that the defendant readily speaks and understands the English language.

Second, Detective Hernandez’ requests to search the defendant's bag were not in the form of a command or demand, but were requests which the defendant was free to turn down.

Moreover, Detective Hernandez requested and obtained the defendant’s permission twice before opening the bag.

Defendant further argues on appeal that certain events in the courtroom singled him out as a foreigner, and thus made a negative impression on the jurors. A motion for mistrial should be granted when error has been committed that cannot be cured by objection to the court and instruction to the jury. Frazier v. State, 303 So. 2d 48, 49 (Fla. 3d DCA 1974); Gray v. State, 296 So. 2d 612 (Fla. 3d DCA 1974). In this case, during voir dire defense counsel asked the prospective jurors questions and made statements that clearly indicated that the defendant was Haitian.

Therefore, it was not solely the trial judge’s actions that singled out defendant as a foreigner.

Moreover, assuming that the incidents of which the defendant complains were error, the error was harmless in view of the explicit curative instruction given by the court and the overwhelming evidence presented against the defendant. See Riley v. State, 367 So. 2d 1091 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979); Williams v. State, 327 So. 2d 798 (Fla. 3d DCA 1976); Frazier v. State, 303 So. 2d 48 (Fla. 3d DCA 1974).

Affirmed.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Perez v. State, 711 So. 2d 1215 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998)
    …3, the trial court’s curative instructions and correct felony murder charge to the jury dissipated any harm and obviated the need to grant Perez’s motion to strike the panel. See Williams v. State, 674 So. 2d 155 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996); Louis v. State, 567 So. 2d 38 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990); Romero v. State, 341 So. 2d 263 (Fla. 3d DCA), cert. denied, 346 So. 2d 1250 (Fla.1977). Finally, we do not address Perez’s contentions that the court erred in permitting the state to exercise certain peremptory challenges and i…
  • Moore v. State, 647 So. 2d 326 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994)
    …So. 2d 751 (Fla. 2d DCA 1983); Brown v. State, 352 So. 2d 60 (Fla. 4th DCA 1977). Moreover, when the state relies upon consent to conduct a search, it shoulders the burden of proving that the consent was freely and voluntarily given. Louis v. State, 567 So. 2d 38 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990). There is no eviden-tiary presumption favoring the state in this setting. The trial court erroneously relieved the state of its burden. Chesnut v. State, 404 So. 2d 1064 (Fla.1981); Denehy v. State, 400 So. 2d 1216 (Fla.1980). W…

Authorities Cited

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw