MORGAN INTERNATIONAL REALTY, INC., AND GIACONDA WEBB MORGAN, APPELLANTS,
v.
DADE UNDERWRITERS INSURANCE AGENCY, INC., APPELLEE
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Morgan International Realty sued Dade Underwriters for negligently failing to procure malicious prosecution insurance coverage. The trial court abused its discretion by failing to clarify jury confusion regarding comparative negligence, which had not been raised as an issue, requiring reversal and a new trial.
Yes. The trial court abused its discretion when it failed to ameliorate the jury's confusion by simply instructing them to rely on their recollection of prior instructions and evidence, without clarifying that comparative negligence was not an issue in the case.
[1] A trial court abuses its discretion when its response to a jury's question fails to ameliorate the jury's confusion.
[2] A jury has the right to ask questions of the court during deliberations to shed light on the controversy or assist in developing the truth.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Trial judges must have the discretionary power to further explain or define their instructions if the jury is confused or desires further guidance.”
Establishes the trial court's authority and obligation to clarify jury instructions when confusion is evident.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceMorgan sought insurance coverage for malicious prosecution from Dade Underwriters. Dade Underwriters failed to obtain the requested coverage and faile…
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BASKIN, Judge.
Morgan International Realty, Inc., and Giaconda Webb Morgan [Morgan] appeal an adverse final judgment entered following the return of a jury verdict in favor of defendant, Dade Underwriters Insurance Agency, Inc. We reverse.
Morgan’s action was predicated on Dade Underwriters’ negligent failure to procure insurance' coverage for malicious prosecution and to advise Morgan that it had not obtained the requested coverage.1 Morgan incurred damages when a former employee sued Morgan for malicious prosecution.
During deliberations, the jury sent several questions to the court. One question asked: “If it was negligence on both parties, how can this be settled?” Because comparative negligence had not been raised as an issue in the case, Morgan requested the court to instruct the jury “not [to] consider this question.” Dade Underwriters objected to Morgan’s request, arguing that Morgan’s conduct was its primary defense. The court denied Morgan’s request and instructed the jury to rely on its recollection of the instructions and the evidence.
“Trial judges must have the discretionary power to further explain or define their instructions if the jury is confused or desires further guidance.” Campbell v. State, 306 So. 2d 482, 483 (Fla.1975).
In reality the trial of a case like this is nothing more than a realistic search for the truth by court and jury. The jury has a perfect right to return to the court room at any time and ask questions that are calculated to shed light on the controversy or that will in any way assist it or the court in developing the truth of the controversy.
Sutton v. State, 51 So. 2d 725, 726 (Fla.1951).
Because the question demonstrated that the jury was confused,2 the trial court abused its discretion when its response failed to ameliorate the jury’s confusion. See Sutton; Vine v. Scarborough, 517 So. 2d 726 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987), review denied, 528 So. 2d 1183 (Fla.1988); Bennett M. Lifter, Inc. v. Varnado, 480 So. 2d 1336 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985), review dismissed, 484 So. 2d 7 (Fla.1986); Dukes v. Pinder, 211 So. 2d 575 (Fla. 3d DCA), cert. denied, 219 So. 2d 700 (Fla.1968); see also Perez v. Seaboard Coast Line Railroad Co., 277 So. 2d 825 (Fla. 3d DCA), cert. denied, 288 So. 2d 505 (Fla.1973). Thus, we reverse the final judgment and remand for a new trial.
Reversed and remanded.
SCHWARTZ, C.J., concurs.
. We reversed the trial court’s entry of summary judgment in Morgan Int'l Realty, Inc. v. Dade Underwriters Ins. Agency, Inc., 524 So. 2d 451 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986).
. The jury also questioned whether the verdict had to be unanimous, and indicated to the clerk that it was fatigued.
HUBBART, Judge
(dissenting).
If, as the majority opinion states, plaintiff’s counsel had requested the trial court to instruct the jury not to consider the comparative negligence issue, at 53 when the jury asked the court, “If it was negligence on both parties, how can this be settled?” — I would join in the majority’s reversal and remand for a new trial. I agree that the trial judge’s refusal to give such a proper instruction would constitute reversible error based on the reasons and legal authority stated in the majority opinion.
Plaintiff’s counsel, however, made no such request; he asked only that the jury be instructed “You should not consider this question,” (T. 637), which, in effect, told the jury not to consider the negligence of either party to this action. Plainly, to have given such an instruction would itself have been reversible error, because the negligence of the defendant was a vital issue in this case. Indeed, the plaintiff had sued the defendant for negligent failure to procure malicious prosecution insurance coverage for the plaintiff, and the trial court had previously instructed the jury at some length on the negligence issue. It is therefore obvious that the trial court did not commit reversible error, as urged, in refusing to give such a clearly erroneous instruction — and that the majority’s decision to the contrary is patently wrong.
I would further reject the other points raised on appeal by the plaintiff and affirm the final judgment in all respects.
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Sears Roebuck & Co. & Chris Picardi & Kent Spires v. Polchinski, 636 So. 2d 1369 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994)…ommunication. When a question from a deliberating jury indicates its confusion about the law, a trial court abuses its discretion when its response fails to ameliorate the confusion. Morgan Int’l Realty, Inc. v. Dade Underwriters’ Ins. Agency, Inc., 571 So. 2d 52 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990). We are forced to speculate about what would have occurred if the jury’s question was answered by the trial court after receiving input from both parties. Based on the nature of communication, we cannot say the action was harmless…
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Morgan Int'l Realty, Inc. v. Dade Underwriters Ins. Agency, Inc., 617 So. 2d 455 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993)…is court reversed finding the trial court abused its discretion by refusing to answer a question regarding comparative negligence which was asked by the jury during its deliberations. Morgan Int’l Realty, Inc. v. Dade Underwriters Ins. Agency, Inc., 571 So. 2d 52 (Fla. 3d DCA1990). Finally, the parties stipulated that a bench trial would be held to determine whether a particular insurance policy provided by Travelers Indemnity Company, allegedly available at the time in question, would have provided the insu…
Authorities Cited (12 total)
- Bennett M. Lifter, Inc. v. Varnado, 480 So. 2d 1336 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)
- Sutton v. State, 51 So.2d 725 (Fla. 1951)
- Chavez-Rey v. Chavez-Rey, 219 So. 2d 700 (Fla. 1968)
- Dukes v. Pinder, 219 So. 2d 700 (Fla. 1968)
- Augustus Campbell v. State, 306 So. 2d 482 (Fla. 1975)
- Reuben Vine & S. Marine Research, Inc. v. Scarborough, 517 So. 2d 726 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987)
- Morgan Int'l Realty, Inc. v. Dade Underwriters Ins. Agency, Inc., 524 So. 2d 451 (Fla. 3d DCA 1988)
- Perez v. Seaboard Coast Line R.R. Co., 288 So. 2d 505 (Fla. 1973)
- H. L. Coble Constr. Co. v. The City OF Orlando, 288 So. 2d 505 (Fla. 1973)
- Sol Megdell v. Greene, 211 So. 2d 575 (Fla. 3d DCA 1968)