STEVEN A. STRANGE, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1991-05-17
No. 89-1725
BOOTH and SMITH, JJ., concur.
579 So. 2d 859 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1991) Positive Treatment
Cited by 10 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.


Holding

The court affirmed the conviction and sentence, finding no reversible error in the trial court's rulings on jury selection, sentencing departure, admission of evidence, or denial of a motion for judgment of acquittal.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court must require the state to provide race-neutral reasons for peremptory challenges when a defendant raises a Batson challenge.

[2] A victim's status as a law enforcement officer acting in the line of duty can be a valid reason for a sentence outside the guidelines range.

Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

Steven A. Strange was convicted of third-degree murder with a firearm, robbery, possession of a firearm during a felony, and hunting without a license…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
ZEHMER, Judge.

ZEHMER, Judge.

Steven A. Strange appeals his conviction of third degree murder with a firearm, robbery, possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony, and hunting without a license, alleging that several errors occurred during trial. He also appeals his sentence, which is outside the guidelines range, asserting the reason stated is invalid. We affirm.

Strange’s first point contends that the lower court committed reversible error by failing to require the state to justify its use of peremptory challenges striking all prospective black female jurors from the jury panel. The trial court required the state to explicate its reasons for exercising the questioned peremptory challenges, and we conclude that the court acted in accordance with the criteria set forth in State v. Slappy, 522 So. 2d 18 (Fla.1988), cert. denied, 487 U.S. 1219, 108 S.Ct. 2873, 101 L.Ed.2d 909 (1988).

The second point on appeal contends that the trial court erred in exceeding the guidelines sentencing range without a valid reason for doing so. The trial court set forth the following reason for departure:

The vicitm of the murder in this case was a uniformed officer of the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission engaged in the performance of his sworn duty.

The Florida Supreme Court has agreed that there is a special interest in affording protection to public servants who regularly must risk their lives in order to guard the safety of other persons and property. Law enforcement officers have been recognized as a special class of crime victims and a defendant who chooses to make a law enforcement officer acting in the line of duty the victim of his crime is to be treated differently than a defendant who commits the same crime upon an ordinary citizen. State v. Baker, 483 So. 2d 423 (Fla.1986).

We affirm the validity of the stated reason on the authority of the cited decision in Baker. Strange's third point argues that the trial court committed reversible error by failing to exclude a portion of his taped statement in which he stated that he ingested two or three marijuana “bong hits” at least four hours prior to the incident leading to the victim’s death. Contrary to Strange’s argument, the trial court’s ruling on his motion in limine excluding this evidence in a prior trial which had ended in a mistrial did not become the law of the case binding on the subsequent trial; rather, the motion in limine had to be renewed and ruled on at the trial under review in order to be effective. Rule 3.640, Fla.R.Crim.P., provides that “[w]hen a new trial is granted, the new trial shall proceed in all respects as if no former trial had been had.” (Emphasis added).1 A reasonable interpretation of this rule suggests that even if, as Strange contends, the court granted the motion “preventing introduction of any evidence of Defendant’s ‘use of marijuana at any time’ ” in the prior trial,2 that order would not be controlling in subsequent trials. The motion in limine could not serve as the law of the case in the “new trial” unless it was renewed prior to or during such trial.3 Treating the defense objection as preserving this issue for review, we conclude that the trial court’s admission of the evidence comports with the criteria set forth in Edwards v. State, 548 So. 2d 656, 658 (Fla.1989).

The fourth point on appeal contends that the trial court committed reversible error in denying Strange’s motion for judgment of acquittal, primarily on the argument that the circumstantial evidence was insufficient to overcome Strange’s contention that he acted in self defense.4 Although the evidence was circumstantial, there were material facts in dispute that the jury had to resolve in order to determine whether the killing was lawful. State v. Law, 559 So. 2d 187 (Fla.1989). Ordinarily, evaluation of testimony concerning self defense is the function of the trier of fact. Bristow v. State, 338 So. 2d 553 (Fla. 3d DCA 1976); Payton v. State, 200 So. 2d 255 (Fla. 3d DCA 1967). See also Barnes v. State, 406 So. 2d 539 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981), rev. denied, 413 So. 2d 877 (Fla. 1982) (in a proceeding where the defendant was convicted of second degree murder of her husband, the lower court did not err in denying the defendant’s motion for judgment of acquittal and the evidence was sufficient to warrant submission of the case to the jury, although there was a paucity of evidence5 to refute defendant’s claim of self defense).

AFFIRMED.

BOOTH and SMITH, JJ., concur. . This rule is subject to a few exceptions not applicable to this case.

. The record on appeal does not contain a copy of a trial court's order or a transcript of the proceedings in which the trial court is said to have granted the motion.

. The record on appeal reveals that appellant did not make another motion in limine prior to or during the "new trial” under review. Appellant did make an objection, however, when the state announced that it was about to play the taped statement for the jury.

. We reject the state’s argument that this issue was not properly preserved for appellate review.

. This court noted that "[ajlthough appellant's explanation was plausible, some other evidence was not consistent in all respects with portions of her account.” 406 So. 2d at 540.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Killian v. State, 761 So. 2d 1210 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000)
    …; Firkey v. State, 557 So. 2d 582 (Fla. 4th DCA 1989), disapproved of on other grounds, Wilson v. State, 635 So. 2d 16 (Fla.1994). We also note that a trial court’s ruling on a motion in limine does not carry over to a retrial. See Strange v. State, 579 So. 2d 859 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991). Finally, we strongly caution prosecutors against making arguments that shift the burden of proof and that suggest that a victim should be believed because the State believed the victim and would not have filed charges otherwise.…
  • Kelvin v. State, 610 So. 2d 1359 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992)
    …e contrary, sufficient evidence was submitted to raise a jury question on this issue and to defeat Kelvin’s motion for judgment of acquittal. Application of the “castle doctrine” was a factual question to be determined by the jury. Strange v. State, 579 So. 2d 859 (Fla. 1st DCA) (evaluation of evidence of self-defense is a function of the trier of fact), review denied, 591 So. 2d 184 (Fla.1991). Because we conclude that a number of the above issues requires reversal of appellant’s conviction and a remand of…
  • Akins v. State, 694 So. 2d 847 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997)
    …d 1071, 1074-75 (Fla.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 871, 109 S.Ct. 185, 102 L.Ed.2d 154 (1988)). The rulings of the predecessor judge were not binding on the trial court. See Weary v. State, 644 So. 2d 156, 157 n. 3 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994); Strange v. State, 579 So. 2d 859, 860 (Fla. 1st DCA), review denied, 591 So. 2d 184 (Fla.1991). Since the autopsy photographs assisted the medical examiner in his explanation of the victim’s wounds and the cause of death, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in admitting th…

Previewing 3 of 5 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Authorities Cited (11 total)

View all 11 cited authorities →

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw