JOE BRAGENZER, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
Joe Bragenzer was convicted of uttering a worthless check after pleading no contest, but the court reversed because the state failed to diligently pursue execution of the arrest warrant (capias) within the statutory three-year limitation period, making the prosecution barred by the statute of limitations.
The court reversed, holding that the state's single attempt to serve the defendant in 1984 does not constitute a diligent search, and therefore the six-year delay in executing the capias is unreasonable and violates the statute of limitations. The conviction is reversed and the cause remanded for dismissal.
[1] A prosecution is commenced when an indictment or information is filed, provided the capias, summons, or other process is executed without unreasonable delay.
[2] The State bears the burden of demonstrating that a delay in the execution of a capias was not unreasonable.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Once the jurisdiction of the court has been challenged by raising the statute of limitations as a defense the state has the burden of establishing that the prosecution is not barred.”
Establishes that the burden shifts to the state to prove compliance with statute of limitations once the defense is raised.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceBragenzer was charged on January 5, 1984, with uttering a worthless check dated May 25, 1983. A capias was issued January 12, 1984. A deputy sheriff m…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Uttering A Worthless Check cases and more on FLexlaw
DIAMANTIS, Judge.
Defendant Joe Bragenzer appeals his conviction and sentence following his plea of no contest to uttering a worthless check. Defendant argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion to dismiss which raised the applicable statute of limitations as a defense. We agree and reverse.
Once the jurisdiction of the court has been challenged by raising the statute of limitations as a defense the state has the burden of establishing that the prosecution is not barred. On January 5, 1984 defendant was charged with uttering a worthless check on May 25, 1983, in violation of section 832.05(4)(a) of the Florida Statutes (1983), a third degree felony. A prosecution for a third degree felony must be “commenced” within three years after it is committed. § 775.15(2)(b), Fla.Stat. (1983). This three-year limitation was also subject to a maximum three-year extension pursuant to section 775.15(6), which provides:
(6) The period of limitation does not run during any time when the defendant is continuously absent from the state or has no reasonably ascertainable place of abode or work within the state, but in no case shall this provision extend the period of limitation otherwise applicable by more than 3 years.
Section 775.15(5) defines the term “commence” as follows:
(5) A prosecution is commenced when either an indictment or information is filed, provided the capias, summons, or other process issued on such indictment or information is executed without unreasonable delay. In determining what is reasonable, inability to locate the defendant after diligent search or the defendant’s absence from the state shall be considered.
The word “executed” has been construed as meaning the completion of service on the defendant. State v. Fields, 505 So. 2d 1336 (Fla.1987).
The issues in pre-arrest delay are whether the capias was executed without unreasonable delay and whether the state was diligent in its efforts to execute the capias in order to bring the defendant before the court within the statutory limit. Wells v. State, 571 So. 2d 563 (Fla. 5th DCA 1990); Walker v. State, 543 So. 2d 353 (Fla. 5th DCA 1989).
At the hearing on defendant’s motion to dismiss the state established that a capias was issued for defendant on January 12, 1984. Orange County deputy sheriff Norman Boot testified that he had made one attempt to locate defendant and to execute the capias sometime in 1984. Boot testified that he visited the address listed on the check, which was a trailer park, and found that defendant was not known to reside there and had not provided a forwarding address. No further efforts were made by the state to locate the defendant. Boot stated that “this charge just plain didn’t warrant any more time.” The capias was eventually executed more than six years later, on or about April 15, 1990, when an Orange County deputy sheriff discovered the outstanding capias during a traffic stop, and arrested defendant. The trial court denied defendant’s motion to dismiss, finding the Orange County Sheriff’s Office made a reasonable and diligent search for defendant and was unable to locate him due to his own “transient nature”.
In light of our holdings in Walker and Wells, we conclude that the state’s single attempt to serve defendant in 1984 does not constitute a diligent search and therefore the six-year delay in the execution of the capias is unreasonable. Accordingly, we reverse the defendant’s judgment of conviction, vacate his sentence, and remand with directions to dismiss the cause.
Judgment REVERSED; sentence VACATED; cause REMANDED.
HARRIS and PETERSON, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
-
Brown v. State, 674 So. 2d 738 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995)…es affirmed when capias was served more than three and a half years after the information was filed because the state knew where the defendant had been residing for the preceding five years but made no attempt to execute capias); Bragenzer v. State, 582 So. 2d 142 (Fla. 5th DCA 1991) (the trial court’s ruling that one unsuccessful attempt to execute a capias was a -reasonable and diligent search because the defendant could not be located due to his own “transient nature” was reversed because a single attempt…
-
State v. Burt Picklesimer, 606 So. 2d 473 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992)…as executed after the three-year limitation period had expired, the state has the burden of proving that it had been diligent in its efforts to execute the capias in order to establish that the prosecution was timely.”) See also, Bragenzer v. State, 582 So. 2d 142 (Fla. 5th DCA1991) (Peterson, J., concurring) (“In light of ... Walker and Wells, we conclude that the state’s single attempt to serve defendant in 1984 does not constitute a diligent search, and therefore the six-year delay in the execution of the…
-
Wright v. State, 600 So. 2d 1248 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992)…the defendant after diligent search or the defendant’s absence from the state shall be considered. A single visit and a single letter to appellant’s residence is not a diligent search within the meaning of section 775.15(5). See Bragenzer v. State, 582 So. 2d 142 (Fla. 5th DCA 1991) (six-year delay in executing capias unreasonable where state made only single attempt of service); Walker v. State, 543 So. 2d 353 (Fla. 5th DCA 1989); (ten-year delay in executing capias unreasonable where state made only single…
Previewing 3 of 8 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- State v. Fields, 505 So. 2d 1336 (Fla. 1987)
- Cherlyn Walker v. State, 543 So. 2d 353 (Fla. 5th DCA 1989)
- Wells v. State, 571 So. 2d 563 (Fla. 5th DCA 1990)