STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
JASON LEE, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1991-07-03
No. 91-0050
GLICKSTEIN, FARMER, JJ., and STREITFELD, JEFFREY E., Associate Judge, concur.
583 So. 2d 1055 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1991) Positive Treatment
Cited by 40 cases

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Synopsis

Florida appealed the dismissal of an information charging Jason Lee with purchasing cocaine within 1,000 feet of Pine Ridge Center School in violation of statute § 893.13(1)(e). The court affirmed dismissal, holding that Pine Ridge Center School, serving severely mentally handicapped and retarded students aged 5-22 with minimal functioning, does not fall within the statute's protection of "public or private elementary, middle or secondary school" students.


Holding

The court held that Pine Ridge Center School does not fall within the statutory definition of "elementary, middle or secondary school." The statute's language and legislative intent are designed to protect typical elementary, middle, and secondary students from drug exposure, not profoundly handicapped children who are constantly supervised and incapable of appreciating or using drugs.


Headnotes

[1] Penal statutes must be construed strictly in favor of the accused.

[2] A school for severely mentally handicapped and retarded students, where students range in age from five to twenty-two but function below the level of a two-year-old and d…

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Key Quotes

“penal statutes must be construed strictly in favor of the accused. The legislature must be presumed to know the meaning of its words and to have expressed its intent by the use of the words found in the statute.”

Establishes the rule of lenity requiring strict construction of criminal statutes in favor of defendants.

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Facts & Procedural History

Jason Lee was charged with purchasing cocaine within 1,000 feet of Pine Ridge Center School. Pine Ridge Center School serves severely mentally handica…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

The state charged appellee, Jason Lee, by information with violating section 893.-13(l)(e), Florida Statutes (1989), for having purchased cocaine within 1,000 feet of the Pine Ridge Center School. The issue in this case is whether the Pine Ridge Center School is a “public or private elementary, middle or secondary school” as those terms are used within the statute. The state appeals the trial court’s dismissal of the information. We affirm.

Pine Ridge Center School is an exceptional school, for severely mentally handicapped and retarded students. Students range in age from five to twenty-two years, and are placed in grades based upon their chronological age. However, the students have a minimal I.Q., and function below the level of a two year old. The curriculum consists of daily living skills attempting to make the students as self-sufficient as possible, but most of the students are not ambulatory, and some are in wheelchairs and cribs. Reading, writing, and math are «not taught at the school. The faculty is comprised of teachers certified in mental retardation, with the aid of assistants.

In State v. Roland, 577 So. 2d 680 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991), this court determined that the common meaning of the word “elementary school” is the first through the sixth grades. In Roland, this court concluded that the Morris Learning Center, a kindergarten/preschool, did not fall within the purview of the statute.

In this case, “students” in the Pine Ridge School are always supervised. Their conduct and progress will never rise to the level of the students at the Morris Learning Center, much less that of elementary school students.

As this court stated in Roland, penal statutes must be construed strictly in favor of the accused. The legislature must be presumed to know the meaning of its words and to have expressed its intent by the use of the words found in the statute. While the profoundly handicapped deserve protection from drug abuse, the evidence in this case shows that the intention of the statute, which is designed to protect elementary, middle, and secondary students from exposure to drugs, does not include the children at Pine Ridge Center School. These children are never unsupervised while they are at the school. They do not appear to be mentally or physically capable of appreciating or using drugs. While the legislature is free to amend the statute to protect these children, it does not appear that they have intended to do so, nor does the language that they have selected accomplish that result.

AFFIRMED.

GLICKSTEIN, FARMER, JJ., and STREITFELD, JEFFREY E., Associate Judge, concur.


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Citator

Cited By (20 total)

  • State v. Morice President, 583 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991)
    …PER CURIAM. AFFIRMED on authority of State v. Lee, 583 So. 2d 1055 (Fla. 4th DCA, 1991). DOWNEY, GUNTHER and FARMER, JJ., concur.…
  • Coward v. State, 944 So. 2d 532 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006)
    …no evidence as to the age of the students. We agree. State v. Roland, 577 So. 2d 680 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991) (kindergarten/preschool is not a school so as to warrant enhanced penalties under section 893.13(l)(c), Florida Statutes); State v. [*533] Lee, 583 So. 2d 1055 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991) (center for severely mentally retarded people aged five to twenty-five, not a school within meaning of statute). We accordingly affirm one conviction for possession of cocaine and remand the two convictions for sale within 1000 f…
  • State v. Severson, 583 So. 2d 739 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991)
    …PER CURIAM. Affirmed. See State v. Lee, 583 So. 2d 1055 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991). HERSEY, STONE and GARRETT, JJ„ concur.…

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