ANTHONY R. MARTIN, PETITIONER,
v.
CIRCUIT COURT, SEVENTEENTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, ETC., RESPONDENT
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The Florida Fourth District Court of Appeal reversed an administrative order by a circuit court chief judge that prohibited pro se litigant Anthony Martin from appearing without counsel in all lawsuits in the judicial circuit. The court held that such a restraint cannot be imposed without notice and opportunity to be heard, and cannot restrict appeal rights from that order itself.
The court reversed the administrative order, holding that due process requires notice and opportunity to be heard before such a restraint is issued. Additionally, even assuming a chief judge has inherent authority to prevent abusive litigants from appearing pro se, such a restraining order cannot restrict or frustrate appeal rights from that order, and the clerk has a ministerial duty to file notices of appeal regardless of contrary directives issued without due process.
[1] A clerk of court has a ministerial duty to file a notice of appeal, and a contrary directive from a chief judge issued without due process is an invalid exercise of power…
[2] An administrative order enjoining a party from appearing pro se in all lawsuits, petitions, and appeals must be preceded by notice and an opportunity to be heard.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The trial court failed to give Martin notice and opportunity to be heard prior to issuing the administrative order. When such a restraint is issued, notice and hearing is usually required.”
Establishes the fundamental due process violation that requires reversal
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceMartin, a pro se litigant with a history of filing numerous frivolous actions, received an administrative order from the Chief Judge of the Seventeent…
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PER CURIAM.
Petitioner, Anthony R. Martin, seeks a - writ of common law certiorari to review an alleged dereliction of duty by the Clerk of the Circuit Court in Broward County. The clerk refused to file Martin’s notice of appeal from a judicial administrative order entered by the Chief Judge of the Seventeenth Judicial Circuit that enjoins Martin from appearing pro se in all lawsuits, petitions, and appeals initiated in any division of the Seventeenth Judicial Circuit. The chief judge cited the numerous and frivolous actions filed by Martin to show the necessity for restraint.
Martin alleges that the circuit court clerk refused to file the notice of appeal and a motion for stay which accompanied it. He seeks a writ to compel the clerk to file the notice of appeal and to compel the chief judge to rule on the motion for stay.
It is impossible to review the clerk’s refusal to accept the notice of appeal independent of the administrative order, since the clerk’s action was taken in response to that order. The order directs the clerk to return any papers not in conformity with the order, and also directs the clerk to confer with the chief judge for further guidance in complying with the order. Because the circuit court refused to file Martin’s notice of appeal, this court will treat the petition as a notice of appeal from the administrative order. See Fla.R.App.P. 9.040(e).
The trial court failed to give Martin notice and opportunity to be heard prior to issuing the administrative order. When such a restraint is issued, notice and hearing is usually required. In Platel v. Maguire, Voorhis & Wells, P.A., 436 So. 2d 303 (Fla. 5th DCA), rev. denied, 440 So. 2d 353 (Fla.1983), the Fifth District Court of Appeal issued a restraining order against a pro se litigant who had abused his pro se right of access to the court and interfered with the effective administration of justice but it did not issue the order until after the pro se litigant was given an opportunity to show cause why he should not be prohibited from appearing pro se as an appellant or petitioner. In the ease sub judice, Martin questions whether the chief judge’s supervisory authority over administrative matters extends to issuing restraining orders against particular litigants. Martin, though, was not able to raise this argument below and make it part of the record. Because of this violation of procedural due process, we must reverse the administrative order under review.
Assuming arguendo that a chief judge does have inherent authority to prevent an abusive litigant from appearing without counsel, the chief judge in this case exceeded his authority when he interfered with Martin’s appeal rights without notice or hearing. The Clerk of the Circuit Court has a ministerial duty to receive and file notices of appeal, and any contrary directive from the chief judge issued without due process is an invalid exercise of power. A restraining order cannot restrict or frustrate in any way an appeal taken from that order. In Platel v. Maguire, Voorhis, and Wells, supra, the Fifth District specifically stated that its restraining order would not prohibit a pro se appeal of that order. We are mindful of the tremendous burden placed on the court system by litigants who continuously file frivolous, incomprehensible, or vindictive actions. However, when limiting the constitutional right of access to the courts, essential due process safeguards must first be provided and the restraining order must not exceed its proper scope.
REVERSED and REMANDED.
GOSHORN, G., PETERSON, E„ and DIAMANTIS, G., Associate Judges, concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (16 total)
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State v. Spencer, 751 So. 2d 47 (Fla. 1999)…arate proceeding independent of the 3.800 action. Courts may, upon a demonstration of egregious abuse of judicial process, restrict parties from filing pro se pleadings with the court.... 1 In Martin v. Circuit Court, Seventeenth Judicial Circuit, 627 So. 2d 1298 [*48] (Fla. 4th DCA 1993), ... the fourth district held that the circuit court could not issue such an order without first giving the pro se litigant notice and an opportunity to be heard. See id. at 1299-1300. Nevertheless, in Huffman v. State, the…
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Huffman v. State, 693 So. 2d 570 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996)…e attacks by Huffman on his 1986 conviction and sentence. We have considered whether the trial court should have afforded Huffman notice and a right to be heard prior to issuing its order. See Martin v. Circuit Court, Seventeenth Judicial Circuit, 627 So. 2d 1298, 1300 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993). While we can envision some circumstances in which prior notice and an opportunity to be heard would be required, we find no denial of due process in this case. On this point we deem it significant that the restriction impo…
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Spencer v. State, 717 So. 2d 95 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998)…e trial level as well as the appellate level. See Bivens v. State, 715 So. 2d 261 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998); Wareham v. State, 678 So. 2d 432 (Fla. 5th DCA), rev. denied, 686 So. 2d 583 (Fla.1996). In Martin v. Circuit Court, Seventeenth Judicial Circuit, 627 So. 2d 1298 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993), where the chief judge of a circuit court issued an administrative order prohibiting a pro se litigant from filing further “lawsuits, petitions, and appeals,” the fourth district held that the circuit court could not issue such a…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Platel v. Maguire, Voorhis & Wells, P.A., 436 So. 2d 303 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983)