MILDRED CISSIE BICE, APPELLANT/CROSS-APPELLEE,
v.
METZ CONSTRUCTION CO., INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, RONALD HOENIG, LAURA HOENIG, KEN MILLER, JAMES YOUNG & COMPANY OF FLORIDA, INC., AND STEVE HAYES AS THE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE ESTATE OF JAMES YOUNG, DECEASED, APPELLEES/CROSS-APPELLANTS
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The court held that an attempted service of process within the 120-day period, even if invalid, is sufficient to prevent dismissal under Rule 1.070(i).
[1] Dismissal of an action is improper where service, albeit invalid, was effected within the 120-day period prescribed by Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.070(i).
[2] An attempted, though invalid, service of process within the 120-day period of Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.070(i) is sufficient to prevent dismissal of the action.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligencePlaintiff filed suit and later amended her complaint to add new parties. She attempted service on these new parties within the 120-day period prescrib…
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WARNER, Judge.
Appellant, Mildred Bice, filed suit against Metz Construction Company based on an injury allegedly occurring on January 23, 1991, when she tripped and fell down stairs while working as a housekeeper at a residence built by Metz. Bice obtained the written consent of Metz to add parties to the action. She filed an amended complaint on January 20, 1995, adding the homeowners, Ronald and Laura Hoenig, and the interior decorator, James Young & Co. The trial court subsequently dismissed Bice’s action as to the Hoenigs and James Young & Co. for her failure to comply with Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.070(i). We reverse because Bice had made an attempt at service on each appellee within the 120-day period.
Bice attempted service of process on James Young & Co. on May 19, 1995, and on the Hoenigs on May 15, 1995. Each attempted service fell within the 120-day period prescribed by Rule 1.070(i), which provides:
(i)Summons; Time Limit. If service of the initial process and initial pleading is not made upon a defendant within 120 days after filing of the initial pleading and the party on whose behalf service is required does not show good cause why service was not made within that time, the action shall be dismissed without prejudice or that defendant dropped as a party on the court’s own initiative after notice or on motion. A dismissal under this subdivision shall not be considered a voluntary dismissal or operate as an adjudication on the merits under rule 1.420(a)(1).
Bice stipulated that each attempted service was invalid, but she argued that she had complied with Rule 1.070(f) by attempting service within the 120-day period, relying on Smith v. Saunders, 652 So. 2d 1187 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995); Caban v. Skinner, 648 So. 2d 251 (Fla. 3d DCA 1994); and Stoeffler v. Castagliola, 629 So. 2d 196 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993). In dismissing Bice’s action against the Hoenigs and James Young & Co., the trial court rejected this argument without explanation.
Smith, Caban and Stoeffler, as well as Sneed v. H.B. Daniel Constr. Co., Inc., 674 So. 2d 158 (Fla. 5th DCA 1996) and Bankers Ins. Co. v. Thomas, 684 So. 2d 246 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996), stand for the proposition that dismissal of an action is improper where service, albeit invalid, was effected within the 120-day period. This line of cases can be traced back to the following language from Stoejfler:
Even though service of process against both [defendants] was invalid, the action against both should remain pending because service, although invalid, was made within the 120-day limit pursuant to Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.070(j) [now Rule 1.070(i) ]. In Payette v. Clark, 559 So. 2d 630, 633 (Fla. 2d DCA 1990), this court held that “[wjhen an invalid method of service is used, the proper procedure is to quash the service and permit the action to remain pending.” In this case, the first attempt at service was made within the 120-day limit. Accordingly, the trial court erred in dismissing the action....
Stoeffler, 629 So. 2d at 198 (emphasis added). We agree with this reasoning.
We reverse, following Sneed v. H.B. Daniel Constr. Co., Inc., Caban and Stoejfler, and hold that the service effected on James Young & Co. and the Hoenigs, albeit invalid, was sufficient compliance with Rule 1.070(i) to preclude dismissal.
Appellant claims that permitting an invalid service to prevent dismissal under the rule, thwarts its purpose to assure diligent prosecution of lawsuits once a complaint is filed. See Morales v. Sperry Rand Corp., 601 So. 2d 538 (Fla.1992). We disagree. When service is made, a defendant must respond within twenty days or suffer a default. If a motion to quash service is filed, then in securing a ruling the trial court can direct service to be made within some reasonable amount of time. Thus, the trial court will have taken control of the case and can prevent inordinate delay in effectuating valid service.
The purpose of the rule is to prevent a plaintiff from filing a suit and then taking no action whatsoever to proceed on the claim. Where plaintiff serves process, even when invalid, the defendant must respond and the action progresses. Thus, the rule accomplishes its objective.
By cross-appeal, appellees contend that the trial court erred in denying them motion to dismiss on statute of limitations grounds. Pursuant to section 95.11(3)(a), Florida Statutes (1991), the statute of limitations for Bice’s action ran on January 23, 1995. Appellees contend that because Bice never moved for leave to amend her complaint, the amended complaint filed on January 20, 1995, is a nullity, and therefore this action is barred by the statute of limitations. However, under the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure,
[a] party may amend a pleading once as a matter of course at any time before a responsive pleading is served or, if the pleading is one to which no responsive pleading is permitted and the action has not been placed on the trial calendar, may so amend it at any time within 20 days after it is served. Otherwise a party may amend a pleading only by leave of court or by written consent of the adverse party.
Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.190(a) (emphasis supplied). Here, the amended complaint filed January 20, 1995, was permissible because Bice obtained the written consent of the adverse party, Metz. The trial court properly denied the Hoenigs’ motion to dismiss for failure to bring the action within the limitations period; we therefore affirm as to the cross-appeal.
Reversed and remanded for further proceedings.
STONE, C.J., and POLEN, J., concur.
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Nationsbank, N.A. v. Ziner, 726 So. 2d 364 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999)…n action if reasonable cause for the failure to effect timely service is documented”). The purpose of Rule 1.070(j) is to prevent a plaintiff from filing a suit and then talcing no action whatsoever to proceed on the claim. Bice v. Metz Const. Co., 699 So. 2d 745, 746 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997), rev. den. sub. nom, James Young & Co. v. Bice, 705 So. 2d 901 (Fla.1998). Bice explains that, where a plaintiff serves process, even when invalid, within 120 days of filing the complaint, the rule accomplishes its objective…
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Graves v. Ciega Verde Condo. Ass'n, Inc., 703 So. 2d 1109 (Fla. 2d DCA 1997)…class. If the court wanted to require notice to the individual members, then it should have allowed Graves the proper time. Accordingly, it was error for the trial court to dismiss the class defendants. See also Bice v. Metz Construction Co., Inc., 699 So. 2d 745 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997). Reversed and remanded with directions to the trial court to set aside the order vacating the amended final judgment of foreclosure and canceling sale and the final order dropping the defendants. FRANK and WHATLEY, JJ., concur.…
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Nussbaum v. Cooke, 709 So. 2d 621 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998)…urt’s own initiative after notice or on motion. A dismissal under this subdivision shall not be considered a voluntary dismissal or operate as an adjudication on the merits under rule 1.420(a)(1). (emphases added). In Bice v. Metz Construction Co., 699 So. 2d 745 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997), rev. denied by James Young & Co. of Fla., Inc. v. Bice, 705 So. 2d 901 (Fla.1998), we reversed the dismissal of an action finding that the plaintiffs attempted, albeit invalid, service of process within the 120-day period was su…
Previewing 3 of 9 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Morales v. Sperry Rand Corp., 601 So. 2d 538 (Fla. 1992)
- Davis v. State, 559 So. 2d 630 (Fla. 4th DCA 1990)
- Gay Stoeffler v. Castagliola, 629 So. 2d 196 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993)
- Sneed v. H.B. Daniel Constr. Co., Inc., 674 So. 2d 158 (Fla. 5th DCA 1996)
- Caban v. Skinner, 648 So. 2d 251 (Fla. 3d DCA 1994)
- Smith v. Saunders, 652 So. 2d 1187 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995)
- Bankers Ins. Co. v. Thomas, 684 So. 2d 246 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996)