METROPOLITAN DADE COUNTY, ETC., ET AL., APPELLANTS,
v.
BROTHERS OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD, INC., ETC., APPELLEE
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Metropolitan Dade County challenged a property tax exemption granted to Camillus House, a charitable homeless shelter operated by Brothers of the Good Shepherd under a 99-year lease. The court held that although the property was used for exempt charitable purposes by an exempt entity, the lessee did not own the property as required by Florida's tax exemption statute, so the exemption was properly denied.
The court reversed, holding that although the property was used for exempt charitable purposes by an exempt entity, the statute requires that the property be 'owned' by that entity. The lessee was not an equitable owner because it did not hold 'virtually all the benefits and burdens of ownership,' particularly given the required rental payments, lack of purchase option, and mandatory surrender of the property at lease end.
[1] Property is not "owned" by an exempt entity for charitable tax exemption purposes when the entity is a lessee under a long-term lease that requires substantial rental pay…
[2] A lessee does not hold "virtually all the benefits and burdens of ownership" sufficient to establish equitable ownership for tax exemption purposes when the lease terms d…
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“All property owned by an exempt entity and used exclusively for exempt purposes shall be totally exempt from ad valorem taxation.”
States the statutory requirement for tax exemption, emphasizing the ownership requirement.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceBrothers of the Good Shepherd operated Camillus House, a homeless shelter, on property in Miami under a 99-year lease commencing in 1945. The lease re…
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SCHWARTZ, Chief Judge.
The trial court held that a parcel in the City of Miami used for charitable purposes— the Camillus House for homeless persons— by the Brothers of the Good Shepherd, Inc., as the assignee of a ninety-nine year lease which commenced in 1945, was entitled to a charitable exemption from ad valorem taxation under sections 196.012(1), 196.196, 196.192(1), Florida Statutes (1995). The latter provides that:
All property owned by an exempt entity and used exclusively for exempt purposes shall be totally exempt from ad valorem taxation.[emphasis supplied]
Because we conclude that the property in question, although concededly used for exempt charitable purposes by an exempt entity, was not, as the statute requires, “owned” by that entity, the appellee, we reverse.
The basis of the ruling below, and the appellee’s argument here, is that although Camillus House is nominally the lessee of the property, it is actually its “equitable owner” and thus qualifies for exemption under the statute. See, e.g., Bancroft Inv. Corp. v. Jacksonville, 157 Fla. 546, 27 So. 2d 162 (1946).
This determination cannot withstand analysis of the parties’ respective obligations under the lease itself. Among other things, it provides for a $5,000.00 yearly rental payment, obliges the lessee to construct a designated building on the premises, which it did, and requires, without any option for the lessee to purchase the property, that it be surrendered (with the additional construction) to the landlord at the end of the term. It seems obvious that, completely unlike the cases on which the appellee relies, the lessee does not hold “virtually all the benefits and burdens of ownership” of the property so as to render it its “equitable owner.” Leon County Educ. Facilities Auth. v. Hartsfield, 698 So. 2d 526, 530 (Fla.1997).
See Gautier v. Lapof, 91 So. 2d 324 (Fla.1956), cited in Hartsfield, 698 So. 2d at 530 (no equitable ownership even when lease contains option to purchase); Hull v. Maryland Cas. Co., 79 So. 2d 517 (Fla.1954)(doctrine of equitable conversion becomes operative only upon entry of an agreement to convey title to realty); Valencia Center, Inc. v. Publix Super Markets, Inc., 464 So. 2d 1267 (Fla. 3d DCA)(landlord remains owner of property burdened by lengthy lease at economically inadequate rent), pet. for review denied, 475 So. 2d 696 (Fla.1985); B.W.B. Corp. v. Muscare, 349 So. 2d 183 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977)(only contract for sale of property establishes vendee as beneficial owner); Sweet v.
First Nat’l Bank, 254 So. 2d 562 (Fla. 2d DCA 1971)(vendee becomes beneficial owner only when vendor-owner makes specifically enforceable contract to sell property), cert. denied, 259 So. 2d 717 (Fla.1972); cf. Hartsfield, 698 So. 2d at 526 (lessee equitable owner when lessor holds title only to facilitate financing and lessee may acquire title by paying nominal sum); Bancroft, 27 So. 2d at 162(property titled in the name of the United States government being used by private entity for non-exempt purposes under contract for sale subject to ad valorem taxation); First Union Nat’l Bank v. Ford, 636 So. 2d 523 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993)(lessee equitable owner when title held only as security for debt and would automatically pass to lessee upon full payment); Hialeah, Inc. v. Dade County, 490 So. 2d 998 (Fla. 3d DCA)(same, nominal fee), review denied, 500 So. 2d 544 (Fla.1986).1
Accordingly, the judgment under review is reversed for entry of judgment for the County.
Reversed.
. Our holding on the equitable'ownership issue makes it unnecessary to consider the County’s other arguments on the merits.
We do hold, since the appellee's alleged failure timely to claim an exemption from or pay taxes for the subsequent year came only after the entry of the final judgment in this case, that the County's reliance on Bystrom v. Diaz, 514 So. 2d 1072 (Fla.1987) is misplaced. Hence, we deny its motion to remand the case for vacation of the judgment and dismissal of the action.
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Robbins v. MT. Sinai Med. Ctr., Inc., 748 So. 2d 349 (Fla. 3d DCA 1999)…196.192(1) if the lessee is found to be the equitable owner of the leased property. See Leon County Educational Facilities Authority v. Hartsfield, 698 So. 2d 526 (Fla.1997); See also Metropolitan Dade County v. Brothers of the Good Shepherd, Inc., 714 So. 2d 573 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998). The lessee is deemed to be the leased property’s equitable owner if the lessee holds “virtually all the benefits and burdens of ownership” of the leased property. Leon County Educational Facilities Authority, 698 So. 2d at 530.…
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Genesis Ministries, Inc. v. Brown, 250 So. 3d 865 (Fla. 1st DCA 2018)…lain language of section 196.192, an ad valorem tax exemption is only permitted when the property in question is both owned and used by the tax-exempt entity.”) (emphasis in original); see also Metropolitan Dade Cty. v. Bros. of Good Shepherd, Inc., 714 So. 2d 573, 573 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998) (reversing final judgment, finding that “the property in question, although concededly used for exempt charitable purposes by an exempt entity, was not, as the statute requires, ‘owned’ by that entity”). It is not enough tha…
Authorities Cited (12 total)
- Bancroft Inv. Corp. v. THE City OF Jacksonville, 157 Fla. 546 (Fla. 1946)
- Bystrom v. Diaz, 514 So. 2d 1072 (Fla. 1987)
- Perla M. Hull v. Md. Cas. Co., 79 So. 2d 517 (Fla. 1954)
- Leon Cnty. Educ. Facilities Auth. v. Hartsfield, 698 So. 2d 526 (Fla. 1997)
- Hialeah, Inc. v. Dade Cnty., 490 So. 2d 998 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986)
- In re Est. of Mary Merwin Sweet v. First Nat'l Bank OF Clearwater under the Will of Mary Merwin Sweet, 254 So. 2d 562 (Fla. 2d DCA 1971)
- Int'l Soc'y for Krishna Consciousness of Miami Beach, Inc. v. Ambers, 464 So. 2d 1267 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)
- First Union Nat'l Bank OF Fla. & Brevard Cnty. v. Ford, 636 So. 2d 523 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993)
- B. W. B. Corp. v. Muscare, 349 So. 2d 183 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977)
- Gautier v. Lapof, 91 So. 2d 324 (Fla. 1956)