RANDY LAVERN SPENCER, APPELLANT,
v.
D. GONZALEZ, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 1999-04-16
No. 98-2538
ERVIN and BENTON, JJ., CONCUR., BOOTH, J., DISSENTS.
731 So. 2d 111 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (1999) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

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Synopsis

Spencer, an incarcerated inmate, appealed the trial court's dismissal of his petition for declaratory judgment against DOC officer Gonzalez for unlawfully denying visitation rights. The court reversed, holding that while the denial of visitation privileges became moot once corrected, Spencer's claim for compensatory damages under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 remained viable and his motion to amend the petition should have been granted.


Holding

The trial court erred in dismissing the petition as moot. While the declaratory judgment claim regarding future visitation restrictions may be moot, Spencer's claim for compensatory damages under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for the prior deprivation of visitation rights remains justiciable and should not be dismissed as moot.


Headnotes

[1] Amendments to pleadings should be freely and liberally allowed to resolve cases on their merits, with doubts resolved in favor of amendment unless the privilege to amend…

[2] A claim for compensatory damages under 42 U.S.C. …

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Key Quotes

“If, as Mr. Spencer alleges, Mr. Gonzalez deprived him of visitation with his children for over a year under color of state law in violation of federal constitutional rights, the question of entitlement to compensatory damages under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 is not moot.”

Establishes the core holding that damage claims are not mooted by cessation of the complained-of conduct

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Facts & Procedural History

Spencer, an incarcerated individual, was denied visitation rights with his children beginning July 1, 1996, by DOC officer Gonzalez. The deprivation l…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Randy Lavern Spencer appeals the dismissal of his petition for declaratory judgment alleging D. Gonzalez unlawfully deprived Mr. Spencer of visitation rights with his children beginning on July 1, 1996. Mr. Spencer is incarcerated and Mr. Gonzalez works for the Department of Corrections (DOC). The trial court dismissed the petition as moot after DOC acknowledged the error and transferred Mr. Gonzalez to another institution. We conclude that the trial court erred in dismissing the petition rather than granting Mr. Spencer’s pending motion for leave to file an amended petition alleging the deprivation of federal constitutional rights under color of section 944.09(l)(n), Florida Statutes (1997), and seeking compensatory damages from Mr. Gonzalez, individually. Accordingly, we reverse with directions that leave to amend be granted.

In his initial petition, Mr. Spencer named Mr. Gonzalez in his official, but not in his individual, capacity, and sought injunctive relief but did not seek compensatory damages. On March 25, 1997, however, he filed a motion for leave to file an amended petition, attaching the amended petition. “Amendments to pleadings are to be freely and liberally allowed in order that cases may be resolved on their merits, and doubts should be resolved in favor of allowing amendment unless and until it appears that the privilege to amend will be abused.” Linafelt v. Bev, Inc., 662 So. 2d 986, 989 (Fla. 1st DCA 1995); see also Hatcher v. Chandler, 589 So. 2d 428, 429 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991); David Miller Distrib. Co. v. Florida Nat’l Bank at Arlington, 342 So. 2d 856, 858 (Fla. 1st DCA 1977). The record is devoid of any indication that Mr. Spencer abused any privilege to amend. No amendment was ever allowed.

Approximately a year later, Mr. Gonzalez moved to dismiss. In an amendment to his motion to dismiss, filed on May 26, 1998, Mr. Gonzalez contended that Mr. Spencer’s petition was moot, because the suspension of visitation privileges had been lifted, as evidenced by an affidavit dated May 6, 1998. The trial court agreed and concluded:

As it has been determined that [Mr. Spencer] does not meet the criteria for the application of Fla. Stat. § 944.09(l)(n), and the statute is no longer being used to restrict the placement of children on [his]- visitor list, there is no longer a bona fide, actual, or present need for a declaration as to the constitutionality of this statute or rule being applied to [him], Martinez v. Scanlan, 582 So. 2d 1167, 1170 (Fla.1991). And, as [Mr. Gonzalez] has been transferred to a different institution, and [Mr. Spencer] has been assigned to another classification officer, there is no longer the required bona fide dispute between the parties. Britamco Underwriters, Inc. v. Central Jersey Investments, 632 So. 2d 138 ([Fla. 4th DCA] 1994).

If, as Mr. Spencer alleges, Mr. Gonzalez deprived him of visitation with his children for over a year under color of state law in violation of federal constitutional rights, the question of entitlement to compensatory damages under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 is not moot. See § 86.061, Fla. Stat. (1997); Trafalgar Developers, Ltd. v. Morley, 305 So. 2d 274, 275 (Fla. 3d DCA 1974). On remand, the amendment should be allowed.

Reversed and remanded.

ERVIN and BENTON, JJ., CONCUR. BOOTH, J., DISSENTS.


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  • Fla. Home Builders Ass'n, Inc. v. City OF Tallahassee, 15 So. 3d 612 (Fla. 1st DCA 2009)
    …ufficiently affected by the ordinance. And this action for a declaratory judgment and injunctive relief is dependent on 3, showing that there is a bona fide dispute with an actual present need for judicial intervention. See e.g. Spencer v. Gonzalez, 731 So. 2d 111 (Fla. 1st DCA 1999); Britanico Underwriters, Inc. v. Central Jersey Investments, Inc., 632 So. 2d 138 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994). Florida Home Builders and Tallahassee Builders Association assert that their memberships include the great majority of the bu…

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