JOHNNY E. BRANNON, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 2001-07-10
No. 1D99-4243
BARFIELD, WEBSTER and Van NORTWICK, JJ., concur.
791 So. 2d 1154 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2001) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

In this per curiam opinion on a motion for rehearing, the Florida First District Court of Appeal affirms its prior decision affirming Brannon's conviction and sentencing, rejecting his arguments that the Harvey precedent was wrongly decided and that Maddox v. State should be applied prospectively rather than retroactively. The court certifies two questions of great public importance regarding the application of fundamental sentencing error doctrine under Maddox.


Holding

The court denies the motion for rehearing, rehearing en banc, and certification. The court lacks authority to apply Maddox prospectively only—only the Florida Supreme Court possesses this power. Because Brannon's initial brief was filed after the Maddox window period, the court does not reach the merits of the unpreserved sentencing errors.


Headnotes

[1] A defendant who files an initial appellate brief after the effective date of Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(b)(2) must preserve sentencing errors by objection a…

[2] The window period for raising unpreserved, fundamental sentencing errors on appeal, established in Maddox v. …

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Key Quotes

“We do not have the authority to apply Maddox only in a prospective manner. The Florida Supreme Court has the 'sole power' to determine whether its decision should be prospective or retroactive in effect.”

Establishes that only the Florida Supreme Court, not the appellate court, can determine whether a ruling applies prospectively or retroactively

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Facts & Procedural History

Brannon was convicted and sentenced as a habitual offender. He appealed, raising unpreserved sentencing errors: one concerning the trial court's alleg…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Appellant has filed a motion for rehearing, rehearing en banc, and motion for certification arguing that Harvey v. State, 786 So. 2d 595 (Fla. 1st DCA 2001), upon which we relied in our opinion affirming his appeal, was wrongly decided. This court has re-adopted its decision in Harvey. See Harvey v. State, 786 So. 2d 28 (Fla. 1st DCA 2001)(opinion on rehearing).

Appellant further argues that, even if the court adheres to its Harvey decision, and Maddox v. State, 760 So. 2d 89 (Fla.2000) articulated a policy that all sentencing errors should be raised in a Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(b)(2) motion, Maddox should be given prospective effect only. Further, appellant argues that, since his initial brief was filed before the Florida Supreme Court decided Maddox, this court is not precluded from ruling on his unpreserved fundamental sentencing errors. We do not agree.

We do not have the authority to apply Maddox only in a prospective manner. The Florida Supreme Court has the “sole power” to determine whether its decision should be prospective or retroactive in effect. See Benyard v. Wainwright, 322 So. 2d 473, 474 (Fla.1975); Tascano v. State, 393 So. 2d 540, 541 (Fla.1980). Accordingly we deny appellant’s motion for rehearing, rehearing en banc, and motion for certification.

However, we clarify our prior opinion in the instant case to make it clear that, because appellant’s initial brief was filed after the close of the window period provided for in Maddox, we do not reach the merits of either of the unpreserved sentencing errors raised by appellant. While appellant’s principle contention on appeal concerned the trial court’s alleged error in sentencing him as a habitual offender after he violated his probation, appellant also argued that the trial court committed fundamental error by imposing a habitual offender sentence for appellant’s conviction for possession of cocaine with intent to sell. See State v. McKnight, 764 So. 2d 574 (Fla.2000)(affirming this court’s decision that it could correct as fundamen: tal error McKnight’s 10-year habitual felony offender sentence for possession of cocaine noting this error was “correctable during the window period discussed in Maddox”).

In the interest of justice, see Harvey v. State, 786 So. 2d 28, we certify the following two questions as questions of great public importance:

WHETHER THE CONCEPT OF FUNDAMENTAL SENTENCING ERROR, AS DISCUSSED IN Maddox v. State, 760 So. 2d 89 (Fla.2000), APPLIES TO DEFENDANTS WHO COULD HAVE AVAILED THEMSELVES OF THE PROCEDURAL MECHANISM OF THE MOST RECENT AMENDMENTS TO FLORIDA RULE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 3.800(B) SET FORTH IN AMENDMENTS TO FLORIDA RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 3.111(E) AND 3.800 AND FLORIDA RULES OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 9.020(H), 9.110, AND 9.600, 761 So. 2d 1015 (Fla.1999)?

and

WHERE THE DISTRICT COURT PREVIOUSLY RULED THAT A SENTENCING ISSUE IS FUNDAMENTAL ERROR, THE INITIAL BRIEF WAS FILED AFTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF RULE 3.800(B)(2), FLORIDA RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, BUT BEFORE THE FLORIDA SUPREME COURT DECIDED Maddox v. State, DOES Maddox PRECLUDE THE DISTRICT COURT FROM RULING ON THE ISSUE AS A MATTER OF FUNDAMENTAL ERROR?

BARFIELD, WEBSTER and Van NORTWICK, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Brannon v. State, 850 So. 2d 452 (Fla. 2003)
    …PARIENTE, J. We have for review Brannon v. State, 791 So. 2d 1154 (Fla. 1st DCA 2001), in which the district court certified the following two questions of great public importance: Whether the concept of fundamental sentencing error, as discussed in Maddox v. State, 760 So. 2d 89 (Fla.2000), applies to defendants…

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