JAMES WILLIAM DUMLAR, A/K/A, JAMES GORDON DULAR, PETITIONER,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT
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Dumlar sought a writ of mandamus compelling a circuit court to hold an adversary preliminary hearing under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.133(b) after an information was filed more than 21 days following his arrest. The First District Court of Appeal denied the petition, holding that because Dumlar was already released on bail, the sole remedy available under the rule—release on recognizance—had been effectively realized, making the hearing unnecessary.
A defendant released on bail is not entitled to an adversary preliminary hearing under Rule 3.133(b) because the only remedy available under that rule is release on recognizance, which has already been achieved through the defendant's bail release. The distinction between release on bail and release on recognizance is not sufficiently material to require the hearing when the defendant is already at liberty.
[1] A defendant arrested and not charged by information or indictment within twenty-one days is generally entitled to an adversary preliminary hearing to determine probable c…
[2] If probable cause is not found at an adversary preliminary hearing, a defendant shall be released on recognizance or under a summons, but this does not void further prose…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Rule 3.133(b) addressed this constitutional issue and provides that an individual who is not charged by information or indictment within twenty-one days of arrest is entitled to an adversary preliminary hearing—to determine whether there is probable cause to believe that an offense has been committed and that the defendant committed it.”
Establishes the constitutional basis and procedural requirement for the adversary preliminary hearing when information is delayed.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceDumlar was arrested on June 6, 2001, and posted bail to secure his release. An information charging him with driver's license fraud and false registra…
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PER CURIAM.
James William Dumlar petitions this court for a writ of mandamus, arguing that the Circuit Court for Okaloosa County failed to provide him with an adversary preliminary hearing to which he is entitled. For the reasons set forth below, we deny the petition.
Mr. Dumlar was arrested on June 6, 2001. He posted bail and was released. An information was filed on July 11, 2001, charging him with driver’s license fraud and false registration of a motor vehicle. On September 10, 2001, petitioner filed a demand for an adversary preliminary hearing as provided for by Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.133(b). In his motion, he pointed out that more than twen-tyone days had elapsed between the date of his arrest and the filing of the information. When the request for the hearing was denied, the instant petition was filed with this court.
In opposition to the petition, the State argues that relief should be denied because the remedy for failure to timely file the information is the adversary preliminary hearing and, if probable cause is not found by the magistrate, the defendant shall be released on recognizance pursuant to Rule 3.133(b)(5). Here, the defendant is on release status after posting a bond.
In Gerstein v. Pugh, 420 U.S. 103, 95 S.Ct. 854, 43 L.Ed.2d 54 (1975), the court held that the procedure utilized in Florida at that time, which allowed-a person arrested without a warrant and = charged by information to be detained without a determination of probable cause, was violativé of the Fourth Amendment. Rule 3.133(b) addressed this constitutional issue and provides that an individual who is not charged by information or indictment within twenty-one days of arrest is entitled to an adversary preliminary hearing-to determine whether there is probable cause to believe that an offense has been committed and that the defendant committed it. If the hearing is held and probable cause is not found:
(5) [T]he magistrate shall release the defendant from custody unless an information or indictment has been filed, in which event the defendant shall be released on recognizance subject to the condition that he or she appear at all court proceedings or shall be released under a summons to appear before the appropriate court at a time certain. Such release does not, however, void further prosecution by information or indictment but does prohibit any restraint on liberty other than appearing for trial.
In Bell v. State, 361 So. 2d 818 (Fla. 4th DCA 1978), the court held that a defendant was entitled to a hearing on facts similar to those in the case at bar. However, in Santopolo v. State, 443 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984), the court reached a contrary conclusion when the defendant was already on release on his own recognizance, reasoning that all the relief to which the defendant could be entitled had been realized. The Santopolo court distinguished Bell on the ground that Mr. Bell was, as petitioner here, released after posting bail rather than on recognizance. We agree with the reasoning in Santopolo and find that it should be extended to cover the situation where the defendant is on release status regardless of how that release was obtained. We certify conflict with Bell.
The only remedy available to the petitioner under Rule 3.133(b) is release on recognizance. Here, as we noted above, petitioner is currently released on bail. We find that the distinction between these forms of release is not of such a magnitude that a Rule 3.133(b) hearing is necessary. In short, petitioner’s ultimate remedy would potentially be his release from confinement, a right which he enjoyed at the time he filed his motion for hearing and which, so far as we are aware, will remain in effect until trial. In the circumstances, no adversary preliminary hearing is required.
PETITION DENIED.
KAHN, DAVIS and VAN NORTWICK, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
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Evans v. Seagraves, 922 So. 2d 318 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006)…efore the appropriate court at a time certain). The only remedy available to a habeas corpus petitioner under Rule 3.133(b), once an information or indictment has been (belatedly) filed, is the accused’s release on recognizance. See Dumlar v. State, 808 So. 2d 272, 273 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002). For these reasons, we have granted the petition for writ of habeas corpus with instructions that petitioner be released on his own recognizance. KAHN, C.J., concurs. THOMAS, J., dissents with opinion. . By the time the…
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Kyshonda Williams v. State, 271 So. 3d 1248 (Fla. 1st DCA 2019)…Fla. R. Crim. P. 3.133(b)(5). Contrary to Petitioner’s understanding of the rule, however, this Court has held that no adversary preliminary hearing is required where a defendant has posted bail and is already on pretrial release. Dumlar v. State, 808 So. 2d 272, 273 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002); contra Santopolo v. State, 443 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 2d DCA ---PAGE 3--- 3 1984). In Dumlar, we concluded that because a defendant’s remedy at such a rule 3.133(b)(5) hearing—release on recognizance—is essentially the same a…
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Coffield v. State (Fla. 4th DCA 2021)
Authorities Cited
- Gerstein v. Pugh, 420 U.S. 103 (U.S. 1975)
- Bell v. State, 361 So. 2d 818 (Fla. 4th DCA 1978)
- Santopolo v. State, 443 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984)