KEITH J. CIPRIANO, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Keith Cipriano appeals the summary denial of his Rule 3.850 postconviction motion challenging his conviction for solicitation to commit first degree murder. The court reverses in part and remands, finding that Cipriano stated legally sufficient claims of ineffective assistance of counsel regarding his attorney's failure to impeach the State's key witness with evidence of probationary status and undisclosed immunity.
The court held that Cipriano stated legally sufficient claims of ineffective assistance of counsel. Because Baio's testimony was the only direct evidence of solicitation and evidence of his probationary status and undisclosed immunity could have affected the jury's verdict, the claims were not conclusively refuted and warranted an evidentiary hearing on remand.
[1] A defendant has a right under the Confrontation Clause to question a witness about their probationary status to reveal possible bias.
[2] Evidence that a key witness was on probation and received immunity in exchange for testimony could affect the jury's assessment of the witness's credibility and the weigh…
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Under the confrontation clause, a defendant has the right to question a witness about his probationary status to reveal possible bias.”
Establishes the fundamental right to cross-examine witnesses regarding probationary status and potential bias, citing Davis v. Alaska.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceCipriano was convicted by jury of solicitation to commit first degree murder after asking a former neighbor, Mr. Baio, to kill his ex-wife's live-in b…
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PER CURIAM.
Keith Cipriano appeals the summary denial of his rule 3.850 motion. We reverse in part and remand for further review of two related claims.
Following a jury trial, appellant was convicted as charged of solicitation to commit first degree murder. According to the evidence at trial, he asked a former neighbor to kill his ex-wife’s live-in boyfriend for $500.
In ground IB of his postconviction motion, appellant asserted that his trial attorney provided ineffective assistance by not investigating the neighbor, Mr. Baio, who was the State’s key witness. Appellant alleged Baio had a motive to give testimony for the State in this case because Baio had a criminal conviction and was on probation at the time of appellant’s trial. In addition, the State failed to disclose that Baio was granted immunity in exchange for his testimony. Baio accepted the money and did not report the solicitation to the police. However, he was not charged with any offense in this case or with a violation of his probation. In ground 1G of his supplemental motion, appellant alleged that his attorney was ineffective for failing to impeach Baio with his probationary status and his violation of probation at the time of trial.
Under the confrontation clause, a defendant has the right to question a witness about his probationary status to reveal possible bias. See Davis v. Alaska, 415 U.S. 308, 316, 94 S.Ct. 1105, 39 L.Ed.2d 347 (1974). The witness’s probationary status could explain his motivation in testifying and in turn affect the witness’s credibility or the weight the jury would place on his testimony. Id. at 316-18, 94 S.Ct. 1105; see also Purcell v. State, 735 So. 2d 579, 580 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999)(recognizing “a defendant has a ‘strong interest in discrediting a crucial state’s witness by showing bias, an interest in the outcome, or a possible ulterior motive for his in-court testimony’ ’’(quoting Auchmuty v. State, 594 So. 2d 859 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992)); Perez v. State, 691 So. 2d 1190, 1192 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997)(concluding “[a] jury should hear ‘[a]ny evidence which tends to establish that a witness is appearing for the State for any reason other than merely to tell the truth’ ’’Xquoting Holt v. State, 378 So. 2d 106 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980)).
In this case, Baio’s testimony was the only direct evidence of solicitation to commit murder. Evidence that Baio was not a disinterested witness, that he was on probation, and that he was granted immunity in exchange for his testimony could have affected the jury’s verdict. Appellant has stated legally sufficient claims that are not conclusively refuted by the records attached to the circuit court’s order. Accordingly, the order is reversed in part and remanded for an evidentiary hearing or record attachments that conclusively show appellant is not entitled to relief. On remand, the court shall address appellant’s claims that counsel was ineffective for failing to impeach Baio with his probationary status and that the State failed to disclose that Baio was given immunity in exchange for his testimony.
AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED in part, and REMANDED.
KLEIN, STEVENSON and HAZOURI, JJ., concur.
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Fajardo v. State, 193 So. 3d 1019 (Fla. 4th DCA 2016)…ight to confront witnesses, notwithstanding the state’s policy protecting anonymity of juvenile offenders. Id. at 320, 94 S.Ct. 1105. Recognizing a defendant’s strong interest in revealing a witness’s possible bias, our court, in Cipriano v. State, 883 So. 2d 363, 364 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004), ordered the trial court to hold an evidentiary hearing on the defendant’s post-conviction claim that his counsel was ineffective for failing to impeach a witness with his probationary status and immunity agreement. Similar…
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Solomon Jason Harrell, JR. v. State (Fla. 5th DCA 2022)…have further damaged the victim’s credibility, creating reasonable doubt as to his guilt. The failure to impeach a witness, particularly one who may have a motive to lie, may constitute ineffective assistance of counsel. See Cipriano v. State, 883 So. 2d 363 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004). To that end, it is well-settled that “if a witness for the State were presently or recently under actual or threatened criminal charges or investigation leading to such criminal charges,” then “a person against whom such wit…
Authorities Cited
- Davis v. Alaska, 415 U.S. 308 (U.S. 1974)
- Auchmuty v. State, 594 So. 2d 859 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992)
- Ulysses Holt v. State, 378 So. 2d 106 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980)
- Purcell v. State, 735 So. 2d 579 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999)
- Perez v. State, 691 So. 2d 1190 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997)